2022 US–Afghan prisoner exchange
On September 19, 2022, a prisoner exchange was conducted between the United States and Afghanistan, led by the Taliban-controlled government, in which Mark Frerichs, an American contractor was released in exchange for Bashir Noorzai, an Afghan tribal leader close to Mullah Omar, the founder of the Taliban.
Background[edit]
Mark Frerichs[edit]
Mark Frerichs is an American engineer and former US Navy diver. Born in 1962, he was director of International logistical support, visiting Afghanistan multiple times since 2012.[1]
In January 2020, Frerichs disappeared in Kabul, Afghanistan's capital. Around a week later, US intelligence officials tracked his cell phone and raided a village near where he disappeared. Although some individuals were arrested, the raid was unproductive.[2] The next month, Newsweek reported that officials had confirmed that Frerichs had been taken captive by the Haqqani network, an Afghan group closely affiliated with the Taliban.[1] In May 2020, the FBI offered a $1 million reward for information that helps lead to Frerichs's release or rescue.[3] The Rewards for Justice Program offered a $5 million reward for information about his location.
In April 2022, a video clip was released that showed Frerichs pleading for help. In the same month, he US State Department launched an inquiry into the release of Frerichs, which was ultimately inconclusive.
Bashir Noorzai[edit]
Bashir Noorzai is an Afghan who participated in fighting Soviet forces during the Soviet–Afghan War. He was an early supporter of the Taliban, and had close ties with the movement's founder and first leader, Mullah Omar.
In April 2005, American authorities in New York City arrested Noorzai.[4][5][6] He was charged with trying to smuggle more than $50 million worth of heroin into the United States.[7] He was sentenced to life in prison.
Prisoner exchange[edit]
Negotiations[edit]
In 2020, after the US–Taliban deal was signed, Frerichs's sister Charlene Cakora criticized the American government for signing a peace deal with the Taliban that did not involve the release of her brother.[2]
In November 2020 then-secretary of state Mike Pompeo traveled to Afghanistan to personally participate in peace negotiations with the Taliban. The New York Times said that it was unknown whether Pompeo raised Frerichs's captivity during the talks.[8]
Release[edit]
On September 19, 2022, the prisoner exchange took place in Kabul airport. In Kabul, Noorzai was "welcomed with a hero's fanfare" by a number of Taliban officials.[9] The White House confirmed that Frerichs was in Qatar, with an official telling reporters that he is in "stable health and has been offered a range of support options".[10]
Reactions[edit]
Joe Biden, the American president said that Frerichs' release was the culmination of work by American officials and other governments. In a statement, he said, "Bringing the negotiations that led to Mark’s freedom to a successful resolution required difficult decisions, which I did not take lightly."[11]
Amir Khan Muttaqi, the acting Afghan Foreign Minister, spoke at a press conference with Noorzai: "After long negotiations, US citizen Mark Frerichs was handed over to an American delegation, and that delegation handed over (Noorzai) to us today at Kabul airport. "We are happy that at Kabul International Airport, in the capital of Afghanistan, we witnessed the wonderful ceremony of one of our compatriots returning home."[12][13][14]
References[edit]
- ^ a b
James Laporta; Tom O'Connor; Naveed Jamali (February 5, 2020). "Exclusive: U.S. citizen kidnapped by Taliban group in Afghanistan". Newsweek magazine. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
Mark R. Frerichs of Lombard, Illinois, was kidnapped last Friday in Khost, a province located in the southeastern part of the country that borders the Federally Administered Tribal Areas, an underdeveloped region between Afghanistan and Pakistan, U.S. officials told Newsweek, who spoke on condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to discuss the details publicly.
- ^ a b
James Laporta; Eric Tucker (April 30, 2020). "Navy SEALs raided Afghan village in attempt to locate Illinois man taken hostage by militants". Chicago Tribune. Washington, DC. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
In the days following the capture of an American contractor in Afghanistan earlier this year, Navy commandos raided a village and detained suspected members of the Taliban-linked Haqqani network while the U.S. intelligence community tried to track the cellphones of the man and his captors, The Associated Press has learned.
- ^
James Gordon Meek; Conor Finnegan (May 12, 2020). "FBI offers $1 million for information leading to former Taliban hostage's captors". ABC News. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
At least two Americans remain missing in Afghanistan, including commercial contractor Mark Frerichs, who was kidnapped on Jan. 31 by the Haqqani Network, a faction of the Afghan Taliban, U.S. officials believe.
- ^
Alan Fueur (June 9, 2008). "Who is Bashir Noorzai?". National Public Radio. Retrieved July 16, 2019.
Alternately known as the "Pablo Escobar of the Middle East" and a U.S. allied freedom fighter, federal agents arrested Noorzai on heroin trafficking charges in 2005.
- ^
Benjamin Weiser (September 8, 2008). "An Afghan's Path From U.S. Ally to Drug Suspect". The New York Times. p. B1. Retrieved July 16, 2019.
The defense has argued in court papers that the government relied on private contractors who bribed foreign officials to gain access to Mr. Noorzai, and then promised Mr. Noorzai that he would not be arrested if he agreed to meet with American officials and provide information about terrorism financing.
- ^
Bill Powell (February 8, 2007). "Warlord or Druglord?". Time magazine. Archived from the original on June 6, 2019. Retrieved July 16, 2019.
For a week and a half in April 2005, one of the favorite warlords of fugitive Taliban leader Mullah Mohammed Omar was sitting in a room at the Embassy Suites Hotel in lower Manhattan, not far from where the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center once stood.
- ^
Ron Synovitz (April 26, 2005). "U.S., UN Say Alleged Afghan Drug Lord Supported Taliban Regime". azaradio. Prague. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved July 16, 2019.
U.S. President George W. Bush in June identified Noorzai as one of the world's most-wanted drug traffickers under the so-called Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act. That law is designed to identify drug traffickers who pose threats to U.S. security, foreign policy, or the economy.
- ^ Gibbons-Neff, Thomas; Faizi, Fatima (November 21, 2020). "As Pompeo Prepared to Meet Afghan Warring Parties, New Attack Struck Kabul". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved October 4, 2022.
- ^ Afp (September 19, 2022). "U.S. and Afghanistan carry out prisoner exchange: Taliban". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved October 3, 2022.
- ^ Sennett, Ellie (September 19, 2022). "US hostage Mark Frerichs freed in Taliban prisoner swap". The National. Retrieved October 3, 2022.
- ^ Yawar, Mohammad Yunus; Pamuk, Humeyra (September 19, 2022). "Taliban release U.S. engineer Frerichs as Biden approves swap for drug smuggler". Reuters. Retrieved October 3, 2022.
- ^ "Afghanistan, US release captives in swap deal". global.chinadaily.com.cn.
- ^ "US confirms release of American from Afghanistan". September 19, 2022.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Kabul, AFP/ (September 20, 2022). "Afghanistan frees American in exchange for Taliban ally". Gulf Times. Retrieved January 15, 2023.