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Coated abrasives are made of abrasive grains adhered to the surface of flexible or semi-flexible backings such as paper, cloth, vulcanized fiber, plastic films.
Coated abrasives grit sizes range from very coarse (~2 mm) to ultrafine (submicrometre). The international standard for coated abrasives is ISO 6344.
Coated abrasives are used by hand or on machines, applications are extremely varied, at home and in industry for:
- fine finishes: hand sanding or polishing of wooden cabinets, car bodies primers, metals.
- high precision operations: optical lens polishing, magnetic head superfinishing.
- medium stock removal with portable or fixed machines: floor sanding, disc grinding of metal, endless belts grinding of wood, metal, glass.
- heavy stock removal with wide (up to 3 m) belts on high power machines to grind stainless steel sheets or coils or to calibrate plywood or chipboard panels.
Sandpaper and emery cloth are coated abrasives for hand use, usually non precision. These two terms are used by general public in place of "coated abrasives".
Other coated abrasives include, sanding cord, sanding pads, sanding belts and sanding discs. Variants are available for use by hand or as components for power tools.
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