Doujinshi printer
A doujinshi printer (同人誌印刷所, dōjinshi insatsujo, also 同人誌印刷会社, dōjinshi insatsugaisha) is a printer that specializes in doujinshi, self-published works. They are mostly active in Japan.
Summary[edit]
Doujinshi printers are companies that specialize in professional printing and binding of the self-published magazines called doujinshi. Doujinshi are a popular medium of self-publishing in Japan, mostly for fan-made manga. Doujinshi printers print not only doujinshi, but also fan-made merchandise such as stationary, stickers, posters and mugs. The companies are also involved in the organization of doujinshi conventions, and play a role in establishing and enforcing content regulations for doujinshi.[1] Over a hundred doujinshi printers are active in Japan today.[2]
History[edit]
Specialized doujinshi printers emerged in the later half of the 1970s, and they went on to play an important role in the growth of doujinshi culture by making printing services more available and affordable for amateur creators.[3] Their activities also included organizing doujinshi conventions where their customers could sell their works. Throughout the boom in doujinshi culture in the mid-1980s and the expansion of distribution channels such as doujin shops and doujinshi conventions, the number of doujinshi printers rose as well, and the kinds of services they offered diversified. In 1992, around 52 doujinshi printers were operating in Japan.[4] By 2014, this number had at least doubled.
1994 saw the founding of an industry association, the Japan Doujin-shi Printing Group (日本同人誌印刷業組合, Nihon dōjinshi insatsugyō kumiai). The association has 24 members.[5]
How it works[edit]
A doujinshi creator compares the manuals of different doujinshi printers, which detail the company's prices and submission procedures, and selects a plan that fits with their budget and publication schedule. They agree on a delivery date with the printer, send in their manuscript in analog format via postal mail or in digital format through the printer's FTP server, and make the required payment. The doujinshi are then printed and delivered. In the likely event that the creator wants to sell a doujinshi at an upcoming doujinshi convention, it is often possible to have the printer deliver the finished doujinshi directly to the convention location. In that case, the doujinshi creator has to submit their manuscript by a strict deadline that cannot usually be extended except by paying more. Some doujinshi printers also deliver to doujin shops that have agreed to distribute a creator's doujinshi.
Doujinshi printers advertise by distributing flyers and sometimes full manuals at doujinshi conventions and doujin shops, and sponsoring banners on websites that attract many fans. Some doujinshi printers still organize doujinshi conventions,[6] and many take part in conventions with booths.
Examples[edit]
Some examples of doujinshi printers include:
- Neko no Shippo (ねこのしっぽ, neko no shippo), founded in 1997.[7]
- Ohtomo Print Shop (大友出版印刷, ōtomo shuppan insatsu), founded in 1972.[8]
- Taiyou Shuppan (大陽出版, taiyō shuppan), founded in 1981.[9]
In popular culture[edit]
- The manga and anime Genshiken has several scenes of characters discussing or interacting with doujinshi printers.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ The Japan Doujin-shi Printing Group (日本同人誌印刷業組合, Nihon dōjinshi insatsugyō kumiai), for instance, has warned doujinshi creators that they must practice self-censorship of some sexually explicit content that may run afoul of Japanese laws on the subject, because printers who are members of the association cannot print potentially illegal content. Nihon dōjinshi insatsugyō kumiai 日本同人誌印刷業組合. 2014. "Sākuru, Dōjinshi Sakka No Minasama He サークル・同人誌作家の皆さまへ." Nihon Dōjinshi Insatsugyō Kumiai 日本同人誌印刷業組合. Accessed May 8. http://www.doujin.gr.jp/foradult.html.
- ^ 103 companies are on a list which was compiled in January 2014. "Dōjinshi Insatsu Gaisha Fuseji Hyōgen Ichiran 同人誌印刷会社伏字表現一覧." 2014. CLUBPEPPER. Accessed May 8. http://club.pep.ne.jp/~onmitu/fuseji.html.
- ^ Kinsella, Sharon (1998). "Japanese Subculture in the 1990s: Otaku and the Amateur Manga Movement". Journal of Japanese Studies. 24 (2): 289–316. doi:10.2307/133236. JSTOR 133236.
- ^ Ajima, Shun 阿島俊. Manga & Anime Dōjinshi Handobukku マンガ&アニメ同人誌ハンドブック. Kubo Shoten 久保書店. Pp203-223.
- ^ Nihon dōjinshi insatsugyō kumiai 日本同人誌印刷業組合. 2014. "Kumiai Kamei Kakusha Ichiran 組合加盟各社一覧." Nihon Dōjinshi Insatsugyō Kumiai 日本同人誌印刷業組合. Accessed May 8. http://www.doujin.gr.jp/list.html.
- ^ Neko no Shippo, for instance, lists event organization and support as a company activity. Neko no shippo ねこのしっぽ. 2014. "Kaisha Annai 会社案内." Neko No Shippo ねこのしっぽ. Accessed May 8. http://www.shippo.co.jp/neko/corporation/index.shtml.
- ^ Neko no shippo ねこのしっぽ. 2014. "Kaisha Annai 会社案内." Neko No Shippo ねこのしっぽ. Accessed May 8. http://www.shippo.co.jp/neko/corporation/index.shtml.
- ^ Ohtomo shuppan insatsu 大友出版印刷. 2014. "Kaisha Gaiyō 会社概要." Ohtomo Shuppan Insatsu 大友出版印刷. Accessed May 8. http://www.ohtomops.jp/prof_.html Archived 2014-05-08 at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ Taiyō Shuppan kabushiki gaisha 大陽出版株式会社. 2014. "Kaisha Gaiyō 会社概要." Taiyō Shuppan 大陽出版. Accessed May 8. http://www.taiyoushuppan.co.jp/doujin/new/profile/outline.html.