Draft:Ṣiddīq Aḥmad
Siddiq Ahmad | |
|---|---|
ছিদ্দিক আহমদ | |
| Personal | |
| Born | 1903 |
| Died | 19 May 1987 (aged 83–84) |
| Resting place | Faizul Uloom Madrasa graveyard, Baraitali, Cox's Bazar |
| Religion | Islam |
| Parents |
|
| Denomination | Sunni |
| Jurisprudence | Hanafi |
| Movement | Deobandi |
| Alma mater | Darul Uloom Deoband |
| Relatives | A F M Khalid Hossain (son-in-law) |
| Muslim leader | |
| Teacher | Shah Abdul Wahhab Muhammad Faizullah Izaz Ali Amrohi Ibrahim Baliyavi Shafi Usmani Tayyib Qasmi Zakariya Kandhlawi |
| Disciple of | Muhammad Faizullah Asghar Hussain Deobandi Ahmadur Rahman Ashraf Ali Thanwi |
Influenced by | |
Influenced | |
| Principal of Jamia Shar'iyya Malibagh | |
| In office 1969–2013 | |
| Succeeded by | Ashraf Ali |
| Principal of Jamia Islamia Darul Uloom Madania | |
| In office 1969–1977 | |
| Succeeded by | Tajammul Ali |
| Personal details | |
| Political party | Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam Nizam-e-Islam |
Ṣiddīq Aḥmad (Bengali: ছিদ্দিক আহমদ; 1903 – 19 May 1987) was a Bangladeshi Islamic scholar, teacher, author, debater and politician. He was the secretary-general of the Anjuman-e-Ittihadul Madaris and the Shaykh al-Hadith at Al Jamia Al Islamia Patiya. In 1954, he was elected as a member of the East Bengal Legislative Assembly. He was a former president of the Nizam-e-Islam Party and the founding president of the Islamic Democratic League. He has authored many books in the Bengali language, and was conferred the title of Khaṭīb al-Aʿẓam (Great Orator) by the Deobandi ulama for his speeches and debates.[1]
Early life and education[edit]
Ahmad was born in 1903, to a Bengali Muslim family in the village of Baraitali in Kaliganj, Jhenaidah subdivision, which was then a part of the Bengal Presidency's Chittagong District. Both of his parents had Mianji lineage; his father, Shaykh Muhammad Wajihullah, son of Muhammad Abdul Alim Mianji, and his mother Zubaydah Khatun, daughter of Alauddin Mianji.[2]
Ahmad's education initially began under Mawlana Naderuzzaman, who taught him the Qur'an and the Bengali language. He then joined the Baraitali Primary School, studying there until class 4. He was homeschooled for class 5. He then studied at the Chakaria High School for a year, before joining the Satkania Model High School for class 7. He then left education to volunteer for the pro-Ottoman Khilafat Movement. After the demise of this political movement, Ahmad returned to education, enrolling at the Chakaria Saharbil Senior Madrasa where he completed elementary Arabic alphabet books.[2]
Ahmad then enrolled at Darul Uloom Hathazari, where he studied under the likes of Shah Abdul Wahhab and Muhammad Faizullah, eventually graduating from Mishkat Jamat (BA) in 1926.[3] Ahmad subsequently set off for Hindustan to join the Mazahir Uloom seminary of Saharanpur where he graduated from the faculty of Hadith studies and gained additional knowledge in the fields of tafsir and Islamic jurisprudence. However, during an annual examination there, Muhammad Zakariyya al-Kandhlawi announced that whoever gets the best result will win the entire Badhl al-Majhud set.[note 1] Ahmad won this competition, defeating students from across South Asia and Iran. In 1929, he joined Darul Uloom Deoband to pursue higher studies. Among his teachers in India were Zakariyya Khandhlawi, Izaz Ali Amrohi, Ibrahim Baliyavi, Shafi Usmani, Muhammad Tayyib Qasmi and Jamil Ahmad Thanwi.[4][5]
Career[edit]
| Islam in Bangladesh |
|---|
 |
After completing his studies in Deoband, Ahmad returned to Bengal in 1930 and became a professor of hadith at Darul Uloom Hathazari. He later served as an assistant mufti in Hathazari for a while, before joining the Chakaria Shaharbil Anwarul Uloom Madrasa in 1945. In 1948, he became a teacher at the Chakaria Kakara Islamia Madrasa. He founded his own madrasa in 1953, in his home village of Baraitali, and named it as Faizul Uloom Madrasa after his teacher Muhammad Faizullah. He was based there until 1965. Azizul Haq appointed him as the head director of the translation and composition department at Al Jamia Al Islamia Patiya in 1966. He later became Patiya's Shaykh al-Hadith (Head of Hadith studies) and served until 1983.[6] During his time in Jamia Islamia Patiya, Ahmad was also the secretary-general of the Anjuman-e-Ittihadul Madaris for four years. From 1975 to 1980, he was the secretary of education in Jamia Islamia Patiya.[5] In 1981, he met with Muhammad Zakariyya al-Kandhlawi in Medina, Saudi Arabia. Kandhlawi gifted Ahmad a commentary of Sahih al-Bukhari that was handwritten by him.[2]
Ahmad had voluntarily been associated with political movements such as the Khilafat Movement during his student life. In 1940, he joined the Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind under the leadership of Hussain Ahmed Madani, which opposed the partition of India. In 1948, he and Ashraf Ali Dharmanduli officially met with Madani in Calcutta. Ahmad joined the breakaway faction formed by Shabbir Ahmad Usmani known as the Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam in 1952.[7] He contested in the 1954 East Bengal Legislative Assembly election as a Nizam-e-Islam Party (Jamiat's political Bengali wing) candidate, which was part of the United Front alliance at the time. However, the United Front later cancelled his representation and so Ahmad stood as an independent candidate. He successfully won a seat in a constituency covering Cox's Bazar Sadar, Maheshkhali and Kutubdia.[2]
In 1955, Ahmad was elected as the secretary-general of the Nizam-e-Islam Party. When military rule was imposed in 1958, he continued his political activities secretly for some time. After serving as general secretary for about four years, he became vice-president in 1962 and president in 1965. He competed in the 1970 Pakistani general election but was unsuccessful. The government of Bangladesh banned all religion-based parties, including Nizam-e-Islam, after its independence and so Ahmad took a break from politics.[8][9] In 1978, this ban was lifted under president Ziaur Rahman and Ahmad reorganised the party in 1981. The President requested Ahmad to accept ministry under his government but Ahmad refused stating. He led the Nizam-e-Islam into an alliance of eight political parties known as the Islamic Democratic League, and was elected the League's central secretary. The League collapsed in 1981, though Ahmad continued as the president of Nizam-e-Islam until his death.[4]
Notes[edit]
- ^ The Badhl al-Majhud was an 18-volume commentary by Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri on the hadith collection Sunan Abi Dawud.
References[edit]
- ^ al-Kumillai, Muhammad Hifzur Rahman (2018). "الشيخ الفاضل العالم الكبير المحدّث الجليل الخطيب الأعظم صدّيق أحمد بن الشيخ وجيه الله بن عبد العليم الميانجي الجكروي الجاتجامي" [The honourable Shaykh, the great ʿĀlim, the dignified Muḥaddith, the Great Orator, Ṣiddīq Aḥmad ibn ash-Shaykh Wajīhullāh ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAlīm al-Miyānjī al-Jakrawī al-Jātjāmī]. كتاب البدور المضية في تراجم الحنفية (in Arabic). Cairo, Egypt: Dar al-Salih.
- ^ a b c d Ahmadullah, Hafez; Rizwanul Qadir (February 2018). "যুগশ্রেষ্ঠ আলিমে দীন, বাগ্মী ও রাজনীতিবিদ খতীবে আযম আল্লামা ছিদ্দিক আহমদ রহ. (১৯০৩-১৯৮৭) - এর সংক্ষিপ্ত জীবনচরিত". মাশায়েখে চাটগাম (in Bengali). Vol. 2 (1 ed.). 11/1, Islami Tower, Bangla Bazar, Dhaka: Ahmad Prakashan. pp. 55–81.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link) - ^ Jasim Uddin, Muhammad (2016). "মুফতি ফয়জুল্লাহ'র উল্লেখযোগ্য ছাত্রগণ" [Notable students of Mufti Faizullah]. ফিক্হশাস্ত্রে মুফতী মুহাম্মদ ফয়যুল্লাহ-এর অবদান: একটি পর্যালোচনা [Mufti Muhammad Faizullah's contributions to Islamic jurisprudence: A review] (Thesis) (in Bengali). University of Dhaka. p. 58.
- ^ a b Chowdhury, Ahmadul Islam (2003). "খতীবে আযম ছিদ্দিক আহমদ". বড় হজুর গারাংগিয়া (PDF) (in Bengali). Satkania, Chittagong District: Garangia Islamia Kamil Madrasa. pp. 124–125.
- ^ a b Nizampuri, Ashraf Ali (2013). "সময়ের সাহসী তার্কিক খতীবে আযম আল্লামা সিদ্দিক আহমদ রহঃ". দ্যা হান্ড্রেড (বাংলা মায়ের একশ কৃতিসন্তান) [The Hundred (One Hundred Glorious Children of Mother Bengal)] (in Bengali) (1 ed.). Hathazari, Chittagong District: Salman Prakashani. pp. 171–174. ISBN 112009250-7.
- ^ Saiyed, Ahsan (2006). বাংলাদেশে হাদিস চর্চা উৎপত্তি ও ক্রমবিকাশ (in Bengali). 19 Segunbagicha, Dhaka: Adorn Publication. p. 185. ISBN 9789842005602.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link) - ^ Mehmood, Wajid; Shah, Syed Ali; Malik, Muhammad Shoaib (2016). "Ulema and the Freedom Struggle for Pakistan" (PDF). Global Political Review (GPR). 1 (1). Islamabad: Humanity Publications: 49.
- ^ Islamic Studies. Islamic Research Institute. 1981-01-01. p. 171.
- ^ "Bangladesh court bans religion in politics: law minister - The Express Tribune". The Express Tribune. 2010-07-29. Retrieved 2017-01-23.