Fiction
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- For a topical guide to this subject, see Outline of fiction.
An illustration from Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, depicting the fictional protagonist, Alice, playing a fantastical game of croquet.
Fiction, from the Latin fingere to create, fictum created, is anything imaginatively invented, a feigned existence, event, or state of things. In a second more concrete and basically 20th-century meaning fiction has become the general term uniting all the literary genres that developed with the modern novel.
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[edit] History of fiction
The history of fiction coincides with much of the history of literature, with each genre of fiction having its own origins and developmental tale.
- By form: legends, comics, fables, fairy tales, film, folklure, novels, plays, poetry, serials, short stories, situation comedies, and video games.
- By length: flash fiction, short stories, novelettes, novellas, novels, and epic poetry.
- By content: pseudohistory, genre fiction, detective fiction, fantasy fiction, mystery fiction, and science fiction.
[edit] Elements of fiction
[edit] Character
A character is any person, persona, identity, or entity that exists in a work of art. Characters may be entirely fictional or based upon real, historical entities. Characters may be human, supernatural, mythical, divine, animal, or personifications of an abstraction. Characterization is the process of creating an image of a person in fiction, complete with that person's traits, features, and motivation.[1]
[edit] Plot
Plot is a sequence of interrelated events arranged to form a logical pattern and achieve an intended effect. It is often designed with a narrative structure or storyline, that includes conflict, rising action, and climax, followed by a falling action and a resolution or dénouement. [2]
[edit] Setting
Setting, the location and time of a story, is sometimes referred to as story world or milieu, to include a context (such as society) beyond the immediate surroundings of the story.[3] In some cases, setting becomes a character itself and can set the tone of a story.[4]
[edit] Theme
The theme of a story is the point the writer wishes to make, a moral or conceptual distillation of the story often posed as a question or human problem. [5]
[edit] Style
Style is not so much what is written, but how it is written. In fiction, style refers to language conventions and literary techniques used to construct a story. The communicative effect created by an author's style is sometimes referred to as the story's voice. Each writer has his or her own unique style, or voice.[6]
[edit] Genre
Fiction may be classified by various means.
[edit] Age group
Fiction may by classified by the age of the intended audience:
- Children, as in children's literature
- Young adult, as in young-adult fiction
- Adult, including but not limited to pornography and erotica
[edit] Form
Traditionally, fiction includes novels, short stories, fables, fairy tales, plays, poetry, but it now also encompasses films, comic books, and video games.
[edit] Length
Fiction may be classified by length:
- Flash fiction: A work of fewer than 2,000 words (1,000 by some definitions) (around 5 pages)
- Short story: A work of at least 2,000 words but under 7,500 words (5-25 pages)
- Novelette: A work of at least 7,500 words but under 17,500 words (25-60 pages)
- Novella: A work of at least 17,500 words but under 50,000 words (60-170 pages)
- Novel: A work of 50,000 words or more (about 170+ pages). Also see Length of a novel
[edit] Content
- Amalgamation (fiction)
- Genre fiction
- Detective fiction
- Fan fiction
- Fantasy fiction
- Historical fiction
- Horror fiction
- Mystery fiction
- Paranoid fiction
- Romance fiction
- Science fiction
- Western fiction
[edit] Uses of fiction
Although fiction may be viewed as a form of entertainment, it has other uses:
- Instruction, such as fictional examples used in school textbooks
- Propaganda
- Advertising
- Moralizing, as in fables
[edit] Authors of fiction
[edit] Fantasy fiction authors
[edit] Horror fiction authors
[edit] Science fiction authors
[edit] Comic authors
[edit] Recent issues and trends
- The Internet has had a major impact on the distribution of fiction, calling into question the feasibility of copyright as a means of ensuring that royalties are paid to copyright holders.
- Digital libraries such as Project Gutenberg make public domain texts more readily available.
- The combination of inexpensive home computers and the Internet has led to new forms of fiction, such as interactive computer games or computer-generated comics.
- Countless forums for fan fiction can be found online, where followers of specific fictional realms create and distribute derivative stories.
- The Internet is also used for the development of blog fiction, where a story is delivered through a blog either as flash fiction or serialblog, and collaborative fiction, where a story is written sequentially by different authors, or the entire text can be revised by anyone using a wiki.
[edit] See also
[edit] Notes
[edit] References
- Polking, K (1990). Writing A to Z. Cincinnati, OH: Writer's Digest Books. ISBN 0898794358.
- Provost, Gary (1988). Beyond Style: Mastering the Finer Points of Writing. Cincinnati, OH: Writer's Digest Books. ISBN 0898793149.
- Rozelle, R (2005). Write Great Fiction: Description & Setting. Cincinnati, OH: Writer's Digest Books. ISBN 1-58297-327-X. http://books.google.com/books?id=6O3CIkg9NDAC&printsec=frontcover.
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