Summary

Processional or Altar Cross from the Abbey of Grandmont   (  )
Artist	Anonymous (France)Unknown author
Title	Processional or Altar Cross from the Abbey of Grandmont
Description	English: On this cross, Christ is shown as emaciated and suffering with bright red enamel wounds and red-rimmed eyes. The light blue censers (incense burners) seen below Christ's hands likely swung in the hands of angels (now lost from the ends of the cross) as shown in another cross fragment, Walters 44. 646. Adam's skull at the bottom of the cross and below Christ's feet symbolizes the redemption of mankind through the Crucifixion. The use of vivid and varied colors, especially white and red enamels, combined with technical details such as the delicate gilded metal outlines that shimmer with stippling (dotting), identify this cross as the work of craftsmen active at Grandmont Abbey, near Limoges, in central France.
Date	late 12th century date QS:P571,+1150-00-00T00:00:00Z/7 (Middle Ages era QS:P2348,Q12554 )
Medium	champlevé enamel on copper with gilding
Dimensions	38 × 25.5 × 0.5 cm (14.9 × 10 × 0.1 in)
Collection	Walters Art Museum    Native name Walters Art Museum Location Baltimore, United States of America Coordinates 39° 17′ 48″ N, 76° 36′ 58″ W   Established 1934  Website thewalters.org Authority file : Q210081 VIAF: 128918374 ISNI: 000000040373611X ULAN: 500279110 LCCN: no00096900 GND: 16029354-6 WorldCat institution QS:P195,Q210081
Accession number	44.83
Place of creation	Limoges, France
Object history	Prince Alexis Dmitrievitch Saltykoff (Aleksei Dmitrievich Saltykov), by purchase Alexei Alexandrovitch Saltykoff-Golovkin (Aleksei Aleksandrovich Saltykov-Golovkin), 1858, by inheritance Sale, Hôtel Drouot, Paris, April 8, 1861, no. 96 Frédéric Spitzer, Paris, by purchase Sale, Paul Chevallier and Charles Mannheim, Paris, April 17, 1893, no. ??? Sale, New York, 1929 1930: purchased by Henry Walters, Baltimore 1931: bequeathed to Walters Art Museum by Henry Walters
Exhibition history	The Year 1200. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. 1970. In Quest of Excellence: Civic Pride, Patronage, Connoisseurship. Center for the Fine Arts, Miami. 1984. Vive la France! French Treasures from the Middle Ages to Monet. The Walters Art Gallery, Baltimore. 1999-2000.
Credit line	Acquired by Henry Walters, 1930
Inscriptions	Text in gilded copper on cross above Christ's head: I H S/ X P~S; [Transcription] IH[ESU]S CHR[ISTU]S; [Translation] Jesus Christ. In this inscription, the titulus (the long horizontal mark indicating an abbreviation) is placed unusually between the P and the S to abbreviate the initials XPS for Christ.
Source	Walters Art Museum: Home page  Info about artwork
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