Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center

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The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, located in Seattle, Washington was established in 1975 and is one of the world’s leading cancer-research institutes. Its interdisciplinary teams of scientists conduct research in the laboratory, at patient bedside, and in communities throughout the world to advance the prevention, early detection, and treatment of cancer and other diseases.

Center researchers pioneered bone-marrow transplantation for leukemia and other blood diseases. This research has cured thousands of patients worldwide and has boosted survival rates for certain forms of leukemia from zero to as high as 85 percent.^{[citation needed]}

The Center grew out of the Pacific Northwest Research Foundation, founded in 1956 by Dr. William Hutchinson. The Foundation was dedicated to the study of heart surgery, cancer, and diseases of the endocrine system. In 1964, Dr. Hutchinson's brother Fred Hutchinson, who had been a baseball player for the Seattle Rainiers and Detroit Tigers and later managed the Rainiers, the Tigers, the St. Louis Cardinals and the Cincinnati Reds, died of lung cancer. The next year, Dr. Hutchinson established the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center as a division of the Pacific Northwest Research Foundation. The Center split off from its parent foundation in 1972, and the physical center was opened in 1975.

Contents 1 Nobel Prize Recipients 2 Research Initiatives 3 Unethical research controversy 4 Documentary 5 Funding 6 References 7 External links

[edit] Nobel Prize Recipients

The Hutchinson Center is home to three recipients of the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine.

• Linda Buck, Ph.D., received the award in 2004 for solving many details of the olfactory system – the complex network that governs our sense of smell.^[1]
• Lee Hartwell, Ph.D., the Center’s president and director, received the honor in 2001 for his discoveries regarding the mechanisms that control cell division;^[2] and
• E. Donnall Thomas, M.D., received the award in 1990 for his pioneering work in bone-marrow transplantation.^[3]

[edit] Research Initiatives

The Hutchinson Center’s ongoing commitment to conducting research of the highest standards to improve the quality of life for people around the world is exemplified by its eight major research initiatives, which harness the institution’s strengths to achieve the greatest health benefits for humanity. These initiatives focus on the following areas:

Early detection

For many cancers, when the disease is detected at an early or pre-cancer stage, nine out of 10 patients will survive. The Center leads major national and international research projects devoted to the discovery of powerful new protein-based blood tests to diagnose cancer at its earliest, most curable stages.

Immunotherapy

Hutchinson Center researchers lead a revolutionary new field called immunotherapy, which yields effective cancer treatments with far fewer side effects than conventional therapy. Immunotherapy harnesses the power of the immune system to fight cancer, much as it naturally eliminates everyday infections like the common cold.

International research

The Center’s commitment to improving the quality of life for those with cancer, HIV/AIDS and other life-threatening diseases knows no borders. The Center has launched a global-health initiative to speed the development and delivery of preventive measures for the world's most urgent public-health problems.

Tumor research

The tumor-research initiative seeks to find new ways to create better therapies for treating tumors once they’re found. This is such an important goal that the Center has united with a team of oncologists, surgeons and other clinical specialists at UW Medicine [1] and Children’s Hospital and Regional Medical Center [2], the Hutchinson Center's partners in the Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, or SCCA [3]. Through this partnership the best new cancer treatments are made rapidly available to patients.

Fundamental research

By studying the basic properties of healthy cells and comparing them to abnormal cells, Hutchinson Center scientists identify the genes and proteins that contribute to disease and use this knowledge to benefit human health.

Childhood cancer

The Center’s track record of improving the odds of many pediatric patients has led to the development and evaluation of new and improved treatments for childhood brain tumors, leukemia, sarcoma and other cancers.

Leukemia/lymphoma and blood-related diseases

The Hutchinson Center is internationally known for pioneering bone-marrow transplantation for leukemia, lymphoma and other blood disorders. Center scientists continue to advance and refine this area of life-saving research. An example is the “mini-transplant,” a modified transplant procedure that requires no hospitalization, has few side effects and shows promise for kidney and other solid-tumor cancers.

Prevention research

The Hutchinson Center houses the world’s oldest and largest cancer-prevention research program, which is dedicated to uncovering the genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors that influence a person’s likelihood of getting cancer. This knowledge is then used to test ways to reduce that risk.

[edit] Unethical research controversy

In 2001, the Center came under heavy criticism for allegedly conducting unethical research on bone marrow transplant patients without fully disclosing to them the risks associated with the study. This research continued through 1980s and 1990s despite death rates that were higher than those in patients undergoing standard, non-experimental treatment. Criticism also focused on the fact that some key investigators involved in the study (including Nobel prize winner and the Center's co-founder Dr. E. Donnall Thomas) had substantial financial interest in its outcome, which may have contributed to their failure to halt the study despite evidence that it was harming patients.^[4]

[edit] Documentary

In 2004, the Taiwanese Buddhist Compassion Tzu Chi Foundation produced the 2004 Emmy Awards nominated documentary "Great Love as a Running Water", which focused on marrow bone transplantation. It featured the Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in their cancer-related researches and Dr E. Donnall Thomas (1990 Nobel Medicine Laurate), Dr John Hansen (FHCRC Human Immunogenetics Program Head), as well as several other medical researchers.

[edit] Funding

In 2007, the center was the best-funded institution, receiving more than $138 million in grants.^[5]

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• Hutchinson Center website
• Hutchinson Center research initiatives

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