List of Ubuntu releases

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A screenshot of Ubuntu 8.10, the latest version of Ubuntu

Ubuntu, an operating system based on Debian GNU/Linux, makes two releases every year, using the year and month of the release as a version number. The first Ubuntu release, for example, was Ubuntu 4.10 and was released on October 20, 2004.[1] Consequently, version numbers for future versions are provisional; if the release is delayed until a different month to that planned, the version number changes accordingly.

Ubuntu releases are also given code names, using an adjective and an animal with the same first letter (e.g. Dapper Drake). With the exception of the first two releases, code names are in alphabetical order, allowing a quick determination of which release is newer. Commonly, Ubuntu releases are referred to using only the adjective portion of the code name (e.g. Dapper).

Releases are timed to be approximately one month after GNOME releases, which are in turn about one month after releases of X.org. Consequently, every Ubuntu release comes with a newer version of both GNOME and X. Releases 6.06 and 8.04 have been labelled as a Long Term Support (LTS) to indicate support with updates for three years on the desktop and five years on the server, with paid technical support available from Canonical Ltd.[2]

Contents

[edit] Ubuntu 4.10 (Warty Warthog)

Ubuntu 4.10
(Warty Warthog)

Ubuntu 4.10 (Warty Warthog), released on 2004-10-20,[1] was Canonical's first release of Ubuntu Linux, building upon Debian GNU/Linux with plans for a new release every six months and eighteen months of support thereafter.[3] Ubuntu 4.10's support ended on 2006-04-30.[4] Ubuntu 4.10 was the first version of Ubuntu to offer ShipIt services, allowing users to order free install CDs.[5] The desktop version included, among other desktop programs, Gaim 1.0,[6] GIMP 2.0, GNOME 2.8, Mozilla Firefox 0.9, and OpenOffice.org 1.1. The server version shipped with MySQL 4.0, PHP 4.3, and Python 2.3. Ubuntu 4.10 used Linux 2.6.8 kernel with XFree86 4.3.

[edit] Ubuntu 5.04 (Hoary Hedgehog)

Ubuntu 5.04
(Hoary Hedgehog)

Ubuntu 5.04 (Hoary Hedgehog), released on 2005-04-08,[7] was Canonical's second release of Ubuntu Linux. Ubuntu 5.04's support ended on 2006-10-31.[8] Ubuntu 5.04 added many new features including an update manager,[9] upgrade notifier, readahead and grepmap, suspend, hibernate and standby support, dynamic frequency scaling for processors, ubuntu hardware database, Kickstart installation, and APT authentication.[10] Ubuntu 5.04 allowed installation from USB devices. Ubuntu 5.04 used UTF-8 by default.

The desktop installation of Ubuntu 5.04 included, among other programs, Gaim 1.1,[6] GIMP 2.2, GNOME 2.10, Mozilla Firefox 1.0, and OpenOffice.org 1.1. The server installation included MySQL 4.0, PHP 4.3, and Python 2.4. Ubuntu 5.04 used Linux 2.6.10 and X.Org 6.8.

[edit] Ubuntu 5.10 (Breezy Badger)

Ubuntu 5.10
(Breezy Badger)

Ubuntu 5.10 (Breezy Badger), released on 2005-10-13,[11][12] was Canonical's third release of Ubuntu Linux. Ubuntu 5.10's support ended on 2007-04-13.[13] Ubuntu 5.10 added several new features including a graphical bootloader (Usplash), an Add/Remove Applications tool,[14] a menu editor (alacarte), an easy language selector, logical volume management support, full Hewlett-Packard printer support, OEM installer support, and Launchpad integration for bug reporting and software development.[15]

The desktop installation of Ubuntu 5.10 included, among other programs, Gaim 1.5,[6] GIMP 2.2, GNOME 2.12, Mozilla Firefox 1.0, and OpenOffice.org 1.9 (pre-2.0 release). The server installation included MySQL 4.1, PHP 5.0, and Python 2.4. Ubuntu 5.10 used Linux 2.6.12 and X.Org 6.8.

[edit] Ubuntu 6.06 (Dapper Drake)

Ubuntu 6.06
(Dapper Drake)

Ubuntu 6.06 (Dapper Drake), released on 2006-06-01,[16][17] was Canonical's fourth release, and the first Long Term Support (LTS) release. Ubuntu 6.06's support will end in June 2009 for desktops and June 2011 for servers. Ubuntu 6.06 included several new features, including having the Live CD and Install CD merged onto one disc,[18] a graphical installer on Live CD (Ubiquity), Usplash on shutdown as well as startup, a network manager for easy switching of multiple wired and wireless connections, Humanlooks theme implemented using Tango guidelines, based on Clearlooks and featuring orange colors instead of brown, and GDebi graphical installer for package files.[19][20] Ubuntu 6.06 did not include a means to install from a USB device, but did for the first time allow installation directly onto removable USB devices.

The desktop installation of Ubuntu 6.06 included, among other programs, Gaim 1.5,[6] GIMP 2.2, GNOME 2.14, Mozilla Firefox 1.5, and OpenOffice.org 2.0. The server installation included MySQL 5.0, PHP 5.1, and Python 2.4, as well as an option to install LAMP. Ubuntu 6.06 used Linux 2.6.15 and X.Org 7.0.

[edit] Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft)

Ubuntu 6.10
(Edgy Eft)

Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft), released on 2006-10-26,[21][22] was Canonical's fifth release of Ubuntu Linux. Ubuntu 6.10's support ended on 2008-04-25.[23] Ubuntu 6.10 added several new features including a heavily modified Human theme, Upstart init daemon, automated crash reports (Apport), Tomboy note taking application, and F-spot photo manager. EasyUbuntu, a third party program designed to make Ubuntu easier to use, was included in Ubuntu 6.10 as a meta-package.[24]

The desktop installation of Ubuntu 6.10 included, among other programs, Gaim 2.0,[6] GIMP 2.2, GNOME 2.16, Mozilla Firefox 2.0, and OpenOffice.org 2.0. The server installation included MySQL 5.0, PHP 5.1, and Python 2.4. Ubuntu 6.10 used Linux 2.6.17 and X.Org 7.1.

[edit] Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty Fawn)

Ubuntu 7.04
(Feisty Fawn)

Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty Fawn), released on 2007-04-19,[25] was Canonical's sixth release of Ubuntu Linux. Ubuntu 7.04's support ended on October 19, 2008. Ubuntu 7.04 included several new features, among them a migration assistant to help former Microsoft Windows users transition to Ubuntu, support for Kernel-based Virtual Machine, assisted codec and restricted drivers installation, Compiz desktop effects, support for Wi-Fi Protected Access, the addition of Sudoku and chess, a disk usage analyzer (baobab), GNOME Control Center, and Zeroconf support for many devices.[26] Ubuntu 7.04 dropped support for PowerPC architecture.

The desktop installation of Ubuntu 7.04 included, among other programs, Gaim 2.0,[6] GIMP 2.2, GNOME 2.18, Mozilla Firefox 2.0, and OpenOffice.org 2.2. The server installation included MySQL 5.0, PHP 5.2, and Python 2.5. Ubuntu 7.04 used Linux 2.6.20 and X.Org 7.2.

[edit] Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon)

Ubuntu 7.10
(Gutsy Gibbon)

Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon), released on 2007-10-18,[27][28] was Canonical's seventh release of Ubuntu Linux. Ubuntu 7.10's support will end in April 2009. Ubuntu 7.10 included several new features, among them AppArmor security framework,[29] fast desktop search,[30] a firefox plug-in manager (Ubufox),[31] a graphical configuration tool for X.org[31] full NTFS support (read/write) via NTFS-3G, and a revamped printing system with PDF printing by default.[31] Compiz Fusion was enabled as default in Ubuntu 7.10[32] and Fast user switching was added.[30]

The desktop installation of Ubuntu 7.10 included, among other programs, GIMP 2.4, GNOME 2.20, Mozilla Firefox 2.0, OpenOffice.org 2.3, and Pidgin 2.2[33]. The server installation included MySQL 5.0, PHP 5.2 and Python 2.5. Ubuntu 7.10 used Linux 2.6.22 and X.Org 7.2.

[edit] Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy Heron)

Ubuntu 8.04
(Hardy Heron)

Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy Heron), released on 2008-04-24,[34] was Canonical's eighth release of Ubuntu Linux. It was the second Long Term Support (LTS) release.[35][36] Ubuntu 8.04's support will end in April 2011 for desktops and April 2013 for servers. Ubuntu 8.04 included several new features, among them Tracker desktop search integration,[37] Brasero disk burner,[38] Transmission BitTorrent client,[38] Vinagre VNC client,[38] system sound through PulseAudio,[39] and Active Directory authentication and login using Likewise Open.[40] In addition Ubuntu 8.04 included updates for better Tango compliance,[41] various Compiz usability improvements, automatic grabbing and releasing of the mouse cursor when running on a VMware virtual machine, and an easier method to remove Ubuntu. Ubuntu 8.04 is the first version of Ubuntu to include the Wubi installer on the Live CD that allows Ubuntu to be installed as a single file on a Windows hard drive without the need to repartition the disk.

The desktop installation of Ubuntu 8.04 included, among other programs, GIMP 2.4, GNOME 2.22, Mozilla Firefox 3.0, OpenOffice.org 2.4, and Pidgin 2.4[33]. The server installation included MySQL 5.0, PHP 5.2 and Python 2.5. Ubuntu 8.04 uses Linux 2.6.24 and X.Org 7.3.

[edit] Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex)

Ubuntu 8.10
(Intrepid Ibex)

Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex), released on 2008-10-30,[42] was Canonical's ninth and latest release of Ubuntu. It will be supported until April 2010. Ubuntu 8.10 has several new features including improvements to mobile computing and desktop scalability, increased flexibility for Internet connectivity, an Ubuntu Live USB creator, a guest account,[43] an encrypted private directory for users[44] and the inclusion of Dynamic Kernel Module Support, a tool that allows kernel drivers to be automatically rebuilt when new kernels are released[45].

The desktop installation of Ubuntu 8.10 includes, among other programs, GIMP 2.6,[46] GNOME 2.24, Mozilla Firefox 3.0, OpenOffice.org 2.4[47] and Pidgin 2.5[33]. The server installation will include MySQL 5.0, PHP 5.2 and Python 2.5. Ubuntu 8.10 uses Linux 2.6.27 and X.Org 7.4. The fast-user-switch-applet has undergone major changes as well. It now replaces the logout button and can be used to change Pidgin or Empathy status.

[edit] Ubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope)

 This article or section contains information about scheduled or expected future software.
The content may change as the software release approaches and more information becomes available.

Ubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope), to be released sometime in April 2009 will be Canonical's tenth release of the distribution. It will be supported until October 2010. Intended features for procurement include faster boot time and integration of web services and applications into the desktop interface. It will also mark the first time that all of Ubuntu's core development will be moved to the Bazaar distributed revision control system.[48]

The desktop installation of Ubuntu 9.04 is expected to include, among other programs, GIMP 2.6, GNOME 2.26, Mozilla Firefox 3.1, OpenOffice.org 3.0, and Pidgin 2.6[33]. The server installation may include MySQL 5.1, PHP 5.2 and Python 2.6. Ubuntu 9.04 may use Linux 2.6.30 and X.Org 7.5. GNOME 2.26 is expected to include support for Microsoft Exchange Server 2007 in Evolution[49].

[edit] Release history

Colour Meaning
Red Old release; not supported
Yellow Old release; still supported
Green Current release
Blue Future release
# Version Code name Testing name Release date Supported until
Desktops Servers
1 4.10 Warty Warthog Sounder[50] 2004-10-20[1] 2006-04-30[4]
2 5.04 Hoary Hedgehog Array[51] 2005-04-08[7] 2006-10-31[8]
3 5.10 Breezy Badger Colony 2005-10-13[11][12] 2007-04-13[13]
4 6.06 LTS Dapper Drake Flight 2006-06-01[16][17] June 2009 June 2011
5 6.10 Edgy Eft Knot 2006-10-26[21][22] 2008-04-25[23]
6 7.04 Feisty Fawn Herd 2007-04-19[25] 2008-10-19
7 7.10 Gutsy Gibbon Tribe 2007-10-18[27][28] April 2009
8 8.04 LTS Hardy Heron[52] Alpha 2008-04-24[34] April 2011 April 2013
9 8.10 Intrepid Ibex[53] Alpha 2008-10-30[42] April 2010
10 9.04 Jaunty Jackalope[48] Alpha 2009-04-23 October 2010

[edit] Version End of life

After a certain version of Ubuntu has reached its end-of-life time, its repositories may be removed from the main Ubuntu servers, and consequently the mirrors.[54] However, older versions of Ubuntu repositories can be found at old-releases.ubuntu.com. [55]

[edit] See also

Linux portal

[edit] Citations

  1. ^ a b c Shuttleworth, Mark (2004-10-20). "Ubuntu 4.10 announcement". ubuntu-announce mailing list. Retrieved on 2008-08-19.
  2. ^ "Announcing Beta release of Ubuntu 6.06 LTS". Retrieved on 2008-08-19.
  3. ^ Shuttleworth, Mark (2004-10-20). "Announcing Ubuntu 4.10 "The Warty Warthog Release"". mailing list. Retrieved on 2008-08-19.
  4. ^ a b Zimmerman, Matt (2006-03-28). "Ubuntu 4.10 reaches end of life on 30 April 2006". ubuntu-announce mailing list. Retrieved on 2008-08-19.
  5. ^ "WartyWarthogFinalReleaseAnnouncement" (2005-07-23). Retrieved on 2008-03-05.
  6. ^ a b c d e f https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gaim/+publishinghistory
  7. ^ a b "5.04 Release Notes" (2005-04-08). Retrieved on 2008-08-19.
  8. ^ a b Armstrong, Christina (2006-10-23). "Ubuntu 5.04 reaches end-of-life on 31 October 2006". ubuntu-security-announce mailing list. Retrieved on 2008-08-19.
  9. ^ "Upgrading your existing Ubuntu installation". Retrieved on 2008-06-02.
  10. ^ "DraftHoaryReleaseAnnouncement" (2005-07-31). Retrieved on 2008-03-05.
  11. ^ a b "Ubuntu 5.10 announcement". Retrieved on 2008-08-19.
  12. ^ a b "Ubuntu 5.10 release notes". Retrieved on 2006-12-21.
  13. ^ a b Fog Heen, Tollef (2007-03-14). "Ubuntu 5.10 reaches end-of-life on April 13, 2007". ubuntu-security-announce mailing list. Retrieved on 2008-08-19.
  14. ^ "Add/Remove Applications" (Wiki). Ubuntu Documentation. Canonical Ltd.. Retrieved on 2008-06-06.
  15. ^ "BreezyReleaseNotes" (2005-07-31). Retrieved on 2008-03-05.
  16. ^ a b "Ubuntu 6.06 LTS announcement". Retrieved on 2008-08-19.
  17. ^ a b "Ubuntu 6.06 LTS release notes". Retrieved on 2008-08-19.
  18. ^ "LiveCD - Community Ubuntu Documentation".
  19. ^ "Package gdebi". Retrieved on 2008-06-02.
  20. ^ "DapperDrake" (2007-01-26). Retrieved on 2008-03-05.
  21. ^ a b "Ubuntu 6.10 announcement". Retrieved on 2008-08-19.
  22. ^ a b "Ubuntu 6.10 release notes". Retrieved on 2006-12-21.
  23. ^ a b "End of Life announcement for Ubuntu 6.10". Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
  24. ^ "EdgyReleaseNotes" (2007-10-16). Retrieved on 2008-03-05.
  25. ^ a b "Ubuntu 7.04 announcement". Retrieved on 2008-08-19.
  26. ^ "feistybeta" (2007-03-23). Retrieved on 2008-03-05.
  27. ^ a b "GutsyReleaseSchedule - Ubuntu Wiki". Retrieved on 2008-08-19.
  28. ^ a b "Introducing the Gutsy Gibbon" (2007-04-12). Retrieved on 2008-08-19.
  29. ^ "Gutsy Gibbon - Tribe 3 test release". Retrieved on 2008-06-02.
  30. ^ a b "Gutsy Gibbon - Tribe 4 test release". Retrieved on 2008-06-02.
  31. ^ a b c "Gutsy Gibbon - Tribe 5 test release". Retrieved on 2008-06-02.
  32. ^ "Gutsy Gibbon - Tribe 2 test release". Retrieved on 2008-06-02.
  33. ^ a b c d https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/pidgin/+publishinghistory
  34. ^ a b "Introducing the Hardy Heron". Retrieved on 2008-08-19."Milestone ubuntu-8.04 for Ubuntu due 2008-04-24". Retrieved on 2008-08-19.
  35. ^ "Ubuntu Weekly Newsletter: Issue 36". Retrieved on 2008-06-02.
  36. ^ "Ubuntu's new Linux sports debugging tool". Retrieved on 2008-08-19.
  37. ^ "Ubuntu developer summit Boston". Retrieved on 2008-06-02.
  38. ^ a b c "Accepted: ubuntu-meta 1.87 (source)". Retrieved on 2008-01-21.
  39. ^ "Blueprint: "Fix the Linux audio mess once and for all"". Launchpad. Retrieved on 2008-08-19.
  40. ^ "Latest Server Release Expands Ubuntu Enterprise Profile". Retrieved on 2008-07-05.
  41. ^ "Hardy Heron Artwork". Ubuntu Wiki. Retrieved on 2008-08-19.
  42. ^ a b "Milestone ubuntu-8.10 for Ubuntu due 2008-10-30". Retrieved on 2008-04-28.
  43. ^ "Guest account specification". Retrieved on 2008-08-19.
  44. ^ "EncryptedPrivateDirectory".
  45. ^ https://wiki.ubuntu.com/IntrepidIbex/TechnicalOverview
  46. ^ https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gimp
  47. ^ https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/openoffice.org/+bug/267376
  48. ^ a b "Introducing the Jaunty Jackalope" (Archive). Mailing list archive. Canonical Ltd. Retrieved on 2008-09-09.
  49. ^ "GNOME 2.26 Roadmap". Retrieved on 2008-10-23.
  50. ^ "WartyWarthogReleaseSchedule" (2005-07-20). Retrieved on 2008-03-05.
  51. ^ "HoaryReleaseSchedule" (2005-07-20). Retrieved on 2008-03-05.
  52. ^ "HardyReleaseSchedule". Retrieved on 2008-08-19.
  53. ^ "Intrepid Release Schedule" (Wiki). Ubuntu Wiki. Canonical Ltd. Retrieved on 2008-06-14.
  54. ^ Moffitt, Nick (2007-05-31). "Old packages from unsupported Ubuntu releases will be removed from archive.ubuntu.com". ubuntu-mirrors-announce mailing list. Retrieved on 2008-12-01.
  55. ^ "Ubuntu Releases". ubuntu.com. Retrieved on 2008-08-11.

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