Infrared sauna
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An infrared sauna uses infrared heaters to emit infrared radiant heat which is absorbed directly into the human body, unlike traditional saunas which heat the body indirectly via air or steam.
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[edit] What is infrared?
Infrared (IR) radiation is electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength longer than that of visible light, but shorter than that of radio waves. The radiation hits the surface of the body and heats through a process called conversion, instead of heating the air around you.
[edit] Infrared saunas
An infrared sauna is usually a small portable room containing several infrared heaters. In an infrared sauna, the infrared heater produces radiant energy, which is the same as the heat from the sun, only without the harmful ultraviolet rays. Most of these heaters draw on technology developed in 1965 by Dr. Tadashi Ishikawa, a member of the Research and Development Department of Fuji Medical.
[edit] Infrared sauna vs. traditional sauna
Traditional saunas, also called rock saunas or Finnish Saunas, use various types of heaters to warm the air and stones in a room. The room's walls can be logs or some other material lined with wood. Stones placed over the heat source attain a high temperature. In its primitive form the stones are heated by wood without a chimney. The fire dies and the smoke exits by the door. Heat is maintained by the stones. Stones are usually peridotite as they are heat stable. Modern Finnish saunas have thermostatically controlled electric stoves or wood stoves with chimneys.
In a traditional sauna the air temperature typically runs between 169 to 190 °F (76 to 88 °C), though temperatures over 200 °F (93 °C) are sometimes encountered. The hot air causes the body to heat up, and eventually results in a sweat. Water is thrown on the stones to achieve a "steam shock". This produces a quick "high". Some add herbs or oil like eucalyptus. Traditionally, ones skin is beaten with a bunch of birch twigs. When the heat becomes intolerable one cools down under a cold shower or, as in Finland, by jumping into a frozen lake.
An infrared sauna uses a variety of heater types from older technology steel incoloy rods, to highly-efficient ceramics plates, to newer "carbon" heaters.
Many people report that the lower temperatures in an infrared sauna allow the user to stay inside longer, resulting in longer sauna sessions and therefore more overall sweating.
[edit] Health benefit claims
Infrared sauna promoters state that infrared radiant heat is safe and beneficial, some claiming that the heat penetrates more than 1.5 inches (40 mm) into the body. The argument is based on the idea that the wavelengths of far infrared waves are typically between 5.8 and 1000 micrometers. This is supposed to correspond to the vibration of the water molecule at 9.4 micrometers. Because these vibrations are similar, say some promoters, the infrared rays help knock toxins loose from fat cells into the body, and those toxins are then released through sweating. They claim this heals and stimulates tissues, and that it is effective therapy for arthritis and tissue injuries.[citation needed]
One of the ways that infrared sauna use is beneficial for a wide range of ailments is through the increase in circulation that it causes in the body.[2] Increased circulation is often believed to be helpful in a variety of ways, and is generally regarded as beneficial for health.[3]
Infrared sauna may provide benefit to patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. A pilot study involving the use of infrared sauna over a 4-week period resulted in short-term improvement regarding pain and stiffness, reduction in fatigue, and a trend towards long-term beneficial effects.[4]
[edit] Detoxification controversy
A number of mainstream and alternative health doctors promote infrared sauna use for the purpose of detoxification, via a speeding up of the body's natural sweat mechanism as well as stimulating circulation. There is controversy over whether infrared sauna use eliminates a significant or meaningful level of harmful chemicals from the body, as no double-blind studies of these effects have yet been conducted.
[edit] Energy expenditure controversy
Some infrared sauna proponents claim that the sauna is an effective method for considerably raising the rate of energy expenditure in the body. Proponents typically quote the Journal of the American Medical Association stating: "A moderately conditioned person can easily sweat off 500 grams in a sauna, consuming nearly 300 kcal, which is equivalent to running 2-3 miles. A heat-conditioned person can easily sweat off 600-800 kcal with no adverse effects. While the weight of the water loss can be regained by drinking water, the calories consumed will not be.".[5][6] This statement is based on the amount of energy absorbed by sweat evaporating from the skin. It is equivalent to the latent heat of vaporizaton of water, which is 539 kcal/kg (2260 kJ/kg). The source of this energy is then confused to be body energy stores, while the source is in fact the excessive heat absorbed from the sauna. The body reacts to the excess heat flux by increasing perspiration. The number of calories the body expends cooling itself in an infrared sauna is unknown.
[edit] Infrared sauna production
Most infrared sauna brands are manufactured by a small number of large manufacturers in China, where they are branded with various labels before they are shipped.
[edit] References
- ^ Image from Crystal Sauna
- ^ Rosner,Bryan: When Antibiotics Fail: Lyme Disease and Rife Machines, with Critical Evaluation of Leading Alternative Therapies, BioMed Publishing Group, Jan 2005. ISBN 0976379708
- ^ Organic Nutrition: article on the effects of circulation. Accessed on March 5th, 2007.
- ^ [1] National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubMed
- ^ National Integrated Health Associates, "Infrared Sauna". Retrieved March 2, 2009.
- ^ Andrew Rader, "Stuff: The Promise of Far-Infrared Treatment". Retrieved March 2, 2009.
