John Vaughan Campbell

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

John Vaughan Campbell
Brigadier General John Campbell, c.1917–18
Born(1876-10-31)31 October 1876
London, England
Died21 May 1944(1944-05-21) (aged 67)
Woodchester, Gloucestershire, England
AllegianceUnited Kingdom
Service/branchBritish Army
Years of service1896–1933
1939–1944
RankBrigadier-General
UnitColdstream Guards
Commands held8th Battalion Gloucestershire Home Guard
3rd Battalion, Coldstream Guards
Battles/warsSecond Boer War
First World War
Second World War
AwardsVictoria Cross
Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George
Distinguished Service Order
Mentioned in Despatches
Officer of the Legion of Honour (France)
Croix de guerre (France)

Brigadier General John Vaughan Campbell, VC, CMG, DSO (31 October 1876 – 21 May 1944) was a senior British Army officer and a recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Early life[edit]

Campbell was born in London. His father, Ronald George Elidor Campbell (1848–1879), was the second son of the 2nd Earl Cawdor and an army captain, was killed at the Battle of Hlobane in the Zulu War in 1879.

He was educated at Eton College and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, before entering the Coldstream Guards in 1896.[1] He served through the Second Boer War, in which he was awarded the Distinguished Service Order and twice mentioned in despatches.[1]

First World War[edit]

Campbell was 39 years old, and a temporary lieutenant colonel commanding the 3rd Battalion, Coldstream Guards during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC.

On 15 September 1916 at Ginchy, France, during the Battle of the Somme, Lieutenant Colonel Campbell took personal command of the third line when the first two waves of his battalion had been decimated by machine-gun and rifle fire. He rallied his men and led them against the enemy machine-guns, capturing the guns and killing the personnel. Later in the day he again rallied the survivors of his battalion and led them through very heavy hostile fire. His personal gallantry and initiative at a very critical moment enabled the division to press on and capture objectives of the highest tactical importance.[2]

Not mentioned in the citation but much reported in the popular press, by which he was dubbed the "Tally-Ho VC", is that he rallied his men under fire by blowing a hunting horn and giving the traditional hunting cry.[3]

Later in 1916, he achieved the rank of brigadier general.

Later life[edit]

Brigadier General John Vaughan Campbell and members of his staff in the Hindenburg Line at Bellenglise, France, October 1918.

In 1919 he was appointed aide-de-camp to King George V, a post held until he retired from the army in 1933, and was subsequently a member of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen at Arms[1] until his death.

In the Second World War he was an honorary flight lieutenant in the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve from 1939 to 1940, then from 1941 until his death commanded the 8th Battalion Gloucestershire Home Guard.[1] He died, aged sixty-seven, at his last home in Woodchester near Stroud, on 21 May 1944, and was cremated at Cheltenham Crematorium.[4]

His Victoria Cross is displayed at The Guards Regimental Headquarters (Coldstream Guards RHQ) in Wellington Barracks, London.

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d Kelly's Handbook to the Titled, Landed and Official Classes. 1944. p. 379.
  2. ^ "No. 29802". The London Gazette (Supplement). 26 October 1916. p. 10393.
  3. ^ "County heroes who won the Victoria Cross". Shropshire Star. 1 July 2016. p. 36.Battle of the Somme – 100 Years supplement, compiled by Toby Neal. He was then living at Oswestry.
  4. ^ GRAVE LOCATION FOR HOLDERS OF THE VICTORIA CROSS IN THE COUNTY OF : GLOUCESTERSHIRE, prestel.co.uk, accessed 9 July 2021
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Vaughan_Campbell&oldid=1144559988"