Horace T. Elmo
| Horace T. Elmo | |
|---|---|
| Born | Arazio Theodore Elmo April 3, 1903 New York City, NY, U.S. |
| Died | October 23, 1992 (aged 89) Bronx, New York, U.S.[1] |
| Nationality | American |
| Area(s) | Cartoonist |
| Pseudonym(s) | Jackson[2] Teddy Horace Elmo H. T. Elmo |
Notable works | Lincoln Newspaper Syndicate Elmo Features Syndicate |
| Spouse(s) |
Martha Oliver
(m. 1928, unknown)Vilma A. Molnar (m. 1931) |
Horace T. Elmo (3 April 1903 – October 23, 1992)[4] was an American comic strip cartoonist particularly active in the 1930s and 1940s; he also ran a comic strip syndication service whose main claim to fame was that it employed Jack Kirby in the late 1930s.
Biography[edit]
He was born Arazio Theodore Elmo in Manhattan (later moving to Brooklyn and then the Bronx),[3] the sixth of seven children of Italian immigrants Joseph and Josephine Elmo.[3]
It is not known if or where Elmo received art training, but early cartoons were published on the "amateur pages" in Judge magazine.[5] After starting out as a stock clerk in the export business, he worked as a cartoonist with the local tabloid the New York Evening Graphic.[6][4]
Elmo's first recorded comic strip was the daily strip Little Otto, "which was to be syndicated beginning in 1926 by Wheeler-Nicholson, Inc. It’s unclear if the strip was ever published."[3][7]
His first professionally published work were six episodes of the recurring one-page feature Did You Know That for the film magazine Picture Play in 1932–1933.[3]
He started the weekly syndication service Lincoln Newspaper Syndicate (also known as Lincoln Features Syndicate and Lincoln News Syndicate) in 1935, beginning with Larry Antonette's[8] Dash Dixon, and followed by Biff Baxter’s Adventures,[9] Detective Riley, Little Buddy, Your Health Comes First!!!, and Socko the Sea Dog (a takeoff on Popeye).
In the period 1935–1939, Elmo worked on a number of strips of his own, including Facts You Never Knew, The Fizzle Family, Goofus Family, and Laughs from Today's News.[10] He also ghosted some Lincoln service strips, including Socko the Seadog and Your Health Comes First!!!.
Jack Kirby joined Elmo's syndicate in 1936, working on strips and single-panel advice cartoons such as Your Health Comes First!!! (under the pseudonym Jack Curtiss), as well as Abdul Jones, The Black Buccaneer, Cyclone Burke, Detective Riley, and Socko the Seadog.[11] While with the syndicate, Kirby also did the artwork for a 24-page pamphlet produced for the banking industry, called The Romance of Money.[12] Kirby remained with the syndicate until late 1939, when he began working for the theatrical animation company Fleischer Studios.[13]
After a two-year hiatus, from 1941 to 1946 Elmo worked on some new weekly strips, including It's Amazing, Sally Snickers,[3] and Useless Eustace.[2]
Elmo's Lincoln service operated until c. 1945, when he restarted it as Elmo Features Syndicate, sometimes employing the talents of the Roche-Iger Studio;[2] but that syndicate also didn't last.[6]
After the demise of his syndication service, Elmo did some work in the comic book industry, for both National Comics Publications and Timely Comics.[10]
In the late 1950s/early 1960s, Ace Books published three Elmo cartoon collections;[10] he also packaged books sold in the United Kingdom, including 150 Games to Play, The Complete Book of Space, and 101 Things to Make and Play.[10]
Elmo's later strips included The Rhyming Romeos, which ran exclusively in the African-American newspaper the Arkansas State Press in the 1950s; and Puggy and Tell Me, which ran exclusively in the Hubbard, Ohio, News Reporter in the 1960s and in the Spirit Lake Beacon in the mid-1970s.
Personal life and death[edit]
Elmo was married twice; first to Martha Oliver, and then to Vilma A. Molnar.[6] He and Vilma had two children — Elaine and Horace Jr.[3]
Horace T. Elmo died in the Bronx in 1992.[3][6]
Bibliography[edit]
Strips and panels[edit]
- Detective Riley (1935–c. 1943)
- Facts You Never Knew (1935-1939)
- The Fizzle Family (1935–1939)
- Goofus Family (1935-1939)
- It's Amazing (1941–1946)
- Laughs from Today's News (1935–1939)
- Our Puzzle Corner (1936)
- Puggy (1960–mid-1970s)
- The Rhyming Romeos (1950s) — copyrighted by Famous Funnies;[3] ran exclusively in the Arkansas State Press
- Sally Snickers (1941–1946)
- Socko the Seadog (1935–1939)
- Tell Me (1960–mid-1970s)
- Useless Eustace (1941-1946)[2]
- Your Health Comes First (1935–1939)
Comics[edit]
- Quick Quizzes (National Periodicals, 1951–1955) — filler
- It's Amazing (Timely Comics, 1949)
- Oscar Comics (Timely Comics, 1949) — the feature Little Aspirin
Books[edit]
- Modern Casanova's Handbook (Ace Books S-093, 1955)
- Hollywood Humor (Ace Books S-140, 1957)
- Mad. Ave. (Ace Books D-533, 1961)
Lincoln Newspaper Syndicate/Elmo Features Syndicate strips and panels[edit]
- Abdul Jones (c. 1936–1939) by Jack Kirby[6]
- Biff Baxter’s Adventures (1935–?) by "Bob Dart" (a.k.a. Larry Antonette)
- The Black Buccaneer[14] by Jack Kirby
- Cyclone Burke[14] (ghosted by Jack Kirby)[3]
- Dash Dixon (1930–1939) by "Dean Carr"[15] (a.k.a. Larry Antonette)
- Detective Riley (1935–c. 1943) by "Richard Lee" (ghosted by Jack Kirby, H. T. Elmo, and others)
- Did You Know by Topps (1939–1944)
- Little Buddy by "Bruce Stuart" (1935–?)
- Nappy by Irv Tirman (1939–1944)
- Socko the Sea Dog (1935–1944) by H. T. Elmo (1935–1939) and then "Teddy" (1939–1944) — at some point ghosted by Jack Kirby
- Useless Eustace (1941–1946)[2]
- Your Health Comes First!!! by Jack Kirby (under the pseudonym "Jack Curtis") (1935–1939)
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Elmo entry, Grand Comics Database. Retrieved Jan. 8, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e Holtz, Allen. "Obscurity of the Day: Useless Eustace," Stripper's Guide (April 24, 2017).
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Jay, Alex. "Ink-Slinger Profiles by Alex Jay: H.T. Elmo," Stripper's Guide (April 25, 2017).
- ^ a b "Horace T. Elmo". lambiek.net. Retrieved October 21, 2020.
- ^ The Judge vol. 84 (Judge Publishing Company, 1923).
- ^ a b c d e Holtz, Allan. "Obscurity of the Day: Detective Riley," Stripper's Guide (May 09, 2011).
- ^ Editor & Publisher vol. 59, p. 51 (Editor & Publisher Company, 1926).
- ^ Antonette entry, Who's Who of American Comic Books, 1928–1999. Retrieved Jan. 9, 2022.
- ^ Jay, Alex. "Ink-Slinger Profiles by Alex Jay: Larry Antonette," Stripper's Guide (June 11, 2014).
- ^ a b c d Elmo entry, Who's Who of American Comic Books, 1928–1999. Retrieved Jan. 8, 2022.
- ^ John Morrow, editor. The Collected Jack Kirby Collector (TwoMorrows Publishing, 2004), p. 102.
- ^ Mendryk, Harry. "The Romance of Money," Jack Kirby Museum website (Feb. 14, 2009).
- ^ "In his Own Words: Jack Kirby at Fleischers". Archived from the original on September 30, 2019. Retrieved January 9, 2022.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) at Cartoon Research.com. - ^ a b Holtz, Allan. "Stripper's Guide Bookshelf: The Comic Strip Jack Kirby," Stripper's Guide (September 30, 2006).
- ^ Carr entry, Who's Who of American Comic Books, 1928–1999. Retrieved Jan. 9, 2022.
External links[edit]
- Socko the Seadog strips at Kleefeld on Comics