List of countries by military expenditures

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Military spending

This is a list of countries by military expenditures per year using the latest information available. Some of the information is from the United States' Central Intelligence Agency's World Factbook.

Note that for some countries, no information was available to the World Factbook's compilers; these countries were omitted from the list. Consequently, the total world expenditure on armed forces is likely to be somewhat higher than that given. Moreover, spending figures is not based on the same year for all countries with some updated with more recent figures and some relying on older figures and therefore the rank may be misleading.

Contents

[edit] Stockholm International Peace Research Institute figures

Military spending in 2005

The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute produces a list of the top 10 biggest spenders of military expenditure annually in their Yearbook publication. The following figures are from the SIPRI Yearbook 2009 and were calculated using market exchange rates.[1]

Rank Country Spending ($ b.) World Share (%)
— World Total 1464.0 100
1 United States United States 607.0 41.5
2 People's Republic of China China 84.9a 5.8a
3 France France 65.7 4.5
4 United Kingdom United Kingdom 65.3 4.5
5 Russia Russian Federation 58.6a 4.0a
6 Germany Germany 46.8 3.2
7 Japan Japan 46.3 3.2
8 Italy Italy 40.6 2.8
9 Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia 38.2 2.6
10 India India 30.0 2.1
Note a: SIPRI estimate

[edit] Charts by country or organization

 This section's factual accuracy is disputed. Please see the relevant discussion on the talk page. (November 2009)
This contains predictions, speculative material or accounts of events that might not occur. Please help improve it by removing speculative content.

Comparisons between figures in this table should be used with caution. There are comparison issues inherent with these figures: for example Italy and Spain include in their defence expenditures the costs of maintaining the Carabinieri and Guardia Civil- all of which are primarily domestic police forces. On the other hand some countries account military expenses under other budget voices: for example China, Mexico and Russia categorize spending on nuclear weapons, missile and fighter development as scientific expenses, spending on training are categorized under the education budget, and veteran pensions are afforded by welfare budget. The United States list spending on nuclear weapons under the budget for the Department of Energy, and much of the costs for the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have been funded through emergency supplemental appropriations bills.

Note that this data is typically compiled by attempting to compute the local currency military expenditures, and then converting them at market exchange rates into a common currency. Therefore changes in the currency markets can cause a nations estimated military expenditures to change, even if that nation's budget remains constant. For developing economies, including China and India, this will result a smaller estimate than if the conversion were done using purchasing power parity. The differences can be substantial. For example, the Chinese Renminbi has a market price of 6.992 per US dollar at the market exchange rate, and an estimated purchasing power parity conversion of 3.694[2]. Using the purchasing power conversion would almost double the estimate of China's military expenditure. On the other hand, converting its entire military budget using a single purchasing power equivalent would be dramatically misleading, as many elements of the budget are not amenable to such a conversion and/or do not share the same conversion factor. For example, typical international commodities such as steel, copper, oil, used in the construction of various military equipment, high tech basic research, and foreign military purchases.


Rank Country Military expenditures (USD) Date of information
- Countries of the world (total) 1,470,000,000,000 2008[3]
- NATO member states (total) 895,195,000,000 2008[4]
1 United States United States 663,700,000,000 2010[5]
2 People's Republic of China People's Republic of China 70,394,000,000 2009[6]
3 United Kingdom United Kingdom 64,282,900,000 2009[7]
4 France France 63,106,600,000 2010[8]
5 Japan Japan 53,060,600,000 2008[9]
6 Germany Germany 43,350,000,000 2008[10]
7 Russia Russian Federation 35,000,000,000 2010[11]
8 Italy Italy 31,112,550,000 2008[12]
9 Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia 31,050,000,000 2008[13]
10 India India 30,197,000,000 2009-2010[14]
11 South Korea South Korea 28,500,000,000 2008[15]
12 Brazil Brazil 23,972,836,012 2009[16]
13 Australia Australia 23,040,500,000 2009-10[17]
14 Turkey Turkey 21,000,000,000 2009 [18]
15 Canada Canada 19,038,161,370 2009-2010[19][20]
16 Spain Spain 18,974,000,000 2008 (est.)[21]
17 Israel Israel 13,300,000,000 2009[22]
18 Netherlands Netherlands 12,000,000,000 2008[23]
19 Poland Poland 11,791,000,000 2009[24]
21 Greece Greece 7,934,000,000 2007[25]
22 Singapore Singapore 7,860,000,000 2009[26]
23 Colombia Colombia 7,820,108,500 2009[27]
24 Iran Iran 7,310,000,000 2007[28]
25 Sweden Sweden 6,309,137,714 2007[29]
26 Mexico Mexico 6,070,000,000 2006[30][31]
27 North Korea North Korea 5,500,000,000 2005[32]
28 Chile Chile 5,193,000,000 2007[33]
29 Thailand Thailand 5,108,000,000 2009 [34]
30 Peru Peru 4,869,500,000 FY 2009-10 [35]
31 South Africa South Africa 4,067,879,840 2008-2009[36]
32 Belgium Belgium 4,000,000,000 2007[37]
33 Finland Finland 3,700,000,000 2009[38]
34 Egypt Egypt 3,300,000,000 2003[39]
35 Vietnam Vietnam 3,200,000,000 2005 [40]
36 Austria Austria 2,978,000,000 FY08[41]
37 Romania Romania 2,900,000,000 2007[42]
38 Czech Republic Czech Republic 2,840,000,000 2008 [3]
39 Azerbaijan Azerbaijan 2,460,000,000 2009[43][44]
40 Ukraine Ukraine 2,066,806,000 2008[45]
41 Ecuador Ecuador 1,691,776,803 2008 [46]
42 Sri Lanka Sri Lanka 1,610,000,000 2009 [47]
43 Bulgaria Bulgaria 1,339,000,000 2008[48]
44 Armenia Armenia 495,000,000 2009[49]
45 Ethiopia Ethiopia 400,000,000 2008/9[50][51]
46 Iceland Iceland 26,000,000 2008[52]

[edit] List of countries by military expenditure as a percentage of GDP

Map of the military expenditures as a percentage of GDP by country, CIA figures.

Below is a list of countries ranked by order of military expenditure as a percentage of GDP. This statistic reflects the importance of military buildup and army modernization for all countries. It also indicated how much priority each country places in military expenditure.

The greater a country spends on its military as a percentage of its GDP, the less money it will have to spend on other crucial aspects such as infrastructure and education, and the more likely it will come under scrutiny from other countries.[53]

The trend is that developing countries, especially Middle Eastern countries with emerging markets due to their oil wealth, and countries in proximity of conflict zones seem to be spending the most as a percentage of their GDP to modernize their military and to try to catch up with Western countries, which spend less as a result of having built a strong modernized military over the past few decades.

The source of this table is the World Fact Book 2008, published by the Central Intelligence Agency, available at https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2034rank.html. Countries for which no information is available are not included in this list.

Rank Country Military expenditures as % of GDP Date of information
1 Oman Oman 11.4 2005 est.
2 Qatar Qatar 10 2005 est.
3 Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia 10 2005 est.
4 Iraq Iraq 8.6 2006
5 Jordan Jordan 8.6 2006
6 Israel Israel 7.3 2006
7 Yemen Yemen 6.6 2006
8 Armenia Armenia 6.5 FY01
9 Eritrea Eritrea 6.3 2006 est.
10 Republic of Macedonia Macedonia 6 2005 est.
11 Burundi Burundi 5.9 2006 est.
12 Syria Syria 5.9 2005 est.
13 Angola Angola 5.7 2006
14 Mauritania Mauritania 5.5 2006
15 Maldives Maldives 5.5 2005 est.
16 Kuwait Kuwait 5.3 2006
17 Turkey Turkey 5.3 2005 est.
18 El Salvador El Salvador 5 2006
19 Morocco Morocco 5 2003 est.
20 Singapore Singapore 4.9 2005 est.
21 Swaziland Swaziland 4.7 2006
22 Bahrain Bahrain 4.5 2006
23 Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina 4.5 2005 est.
24 Brunei Brunei 4.5 2006
25 Greece Greece 4.3 2005 est.
26 Chad Chad 4.2 2006
27 United States United States 4.06 2005 est.
28 Libya Libya 3.9 2005 est.
29 Russia Russian Federation 3.9 2005
30 Tajikistan Tajikistan 3.9 2005 est.
31 Cuba Cuba 3.8 2006 est.
32 Djibouti Djibouti 3.8 2006
33 Cyprus Cyprus 3.8 2005 est.
34 Zimbabwe Zimbabwe 3.8 2006
35 Namibia Namibia 3.7 2006
36 Colombia Colombia 3.5 2007 est.
37 Ecuador Ecuador 3.4 2008 est.
38 Gabon Gabon 3.4 2005 est.
39 Egypt Egypt 3.4 2005 est.
40 Turkmenistan Turkmenistan 3.4 2005 est.
41 Algeria Algeria 3.3 2006
42 Botswana Botswana 3.3 2006
43 United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates 3.1 2005 est.
44 Guinea-Bissau Guinea-Bissau 3.1 2005 est.
45 Lebanon Lebanon 3.1 2005 est.
46 Republic of the Congo Congo, Republic of the 3.1 2006
47 Solomon Islands Solomon Islands 3 2006
48 Cambodia Cambodia 3 2005 est.
49 Ethiopia Ethiopia 3 2006
50 Indonesia Indonesia 3 2005 est.
51 Sudan Sudan 3 2005 est.
52 Pakistan Pakistan 3 2007 est.
53 Rwanda Rwanda 2.9 2006 est.
54 Comoros Comoros 2.8 2006
55 Ecuador Ecuador 2.8 2006
56 Kenya Kenya 2.8 2006
57 Chile Chile 2.7 2006
58 South Korea Korea, South 2.7 2006
59 Azerbaijan Azerbaijan 2.6 2005 est.
60 Lesotho Lesotho 2.6 2006
61 France France 2.6 2005 est.
62 Brazil Brazil 2.6 2006 est.
63 Sri Lanka Sri Lanka 2.6 2006
64 Bulgaria Bulgaria 2.6 2005 est.
65 Iran Iran 2.6 2007
66 Democratic Republic of the Congo Congo, Democratic Republic of the 2.5 2006
67 India India 2.5 2006
68 Vietnam Vietnam 2.5 2005 est.
69 Australia Australia 2.4 2006
70 United Kingdom United Kingdom 2.4 2005 est.
71 Croatia Croatia 2.39 2005 est.
72 Portugal Portugal 2.3 2005 est.
73 Sierra Leone Sierra Leone 2.3 2006
74 Fiji Fiji 2.2 2005 est.
75 Republic of China Republic of China 2.2
76 Uganda Uganda 2.2 2006
77 Burma Burma 2.1 2005 est.
78 Malaysia Malaysia 2.03 2005 est.
79 Estonia Estonia 2 2005 est.
80 World 2 2005 est.
81 Uzbekistan Uzbekistan 2 2005 est.
82 Seychelles Seychelles 2 2006 est.
83 Finland Finland 2 2005 est.
84 Afghanistan Afghanistan 1.9 2006 est.
85 Romania Romania 1.9 2007 est.
86 Norway Norway 1.9 2005 est.
87 Mali Mali 1.9 2006
88 Bolivia Bolivia 1.9 2006
89 Slovakia Slovakia 1.87 2005 est.
90 Guyana Guyana 1.8 2006
91 Thailand Thailand 1.8 2005 est.
92 Zambia Zambia 1.8 2005 est.
93 Italy Italy 1.8 2005 est.
94 Hungary Hungary 1.75 2005 est.
95 Poland Poland 1.71 2005 est.
96 People's Republic of China People's Republic of China 1.7 2009
97 Benin Benin 1.7 2006
98 Guinea Guinea 1.7 2006
99 South Africa South Africa 1.7 2006
100 Slovenia Slovenia 1.7 2005 est.
101 Côte d'Ivoire Cote d'Ivoire 1.6 2005 est
102 Netherlands Netherlands 1.6 2005 est.
103 Togo Togo 1.6 2005 est.
104 Uruguay Uruguay 1.6 2006
105 Nepal Nepal 1.6 2006
106 Bangladesh Bangladesh 1.5 2006
107 Sweden Sweden 1.5 2005 est.
108 Peru Peru 1.5 2006
109 Nigeria Nigeria 1.5 2006
110 Denmark Denmark 1.5
111 Germany Germany 1.5 2005 est.
112 Albania Albania 1.49 2005 est.
113 Czech Republic Czech Republic 1.46 2007 est.
114 Belize Belize 1.4 2006
115 Ukraine Ukraine 1.4 2005 est.
116 Belarus Belarus 1.4 2005 est.
117 Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan 1.4 2005 est.
118 Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea 1.4 2005 est.
119 Tunisia Tunisia 1.4 2006
120 Senegal Senegal 1.4 2005 est.
121 Mongolia Mongolia 1.4 2006
122 Cameroon Cameroon 1.3 2006
123 Niger Niger 1.3 2006
124 Malawi Malawi 1.3 2006
125 Liberia Liberia 1.3 2006 est.
126 Belgium Belgium 1.3 2005 est.
127 Latvia Latvia 1.2 2005 est.
128 Burkina Faso Burkina Faso 1.2 2006
129 Venezuela Venezuela 1.2 2005 est.
130 Spain Spain 1.2 2005 est.
131 Lithuania Lithuania 1.2
132 Canada Canada 1.1 2005 est.
133 Central African Republic Central African Republic 1.1 2006 est.
134 Bhutan Bhutan 1 2005 est.
135 Madagascar Madagascar 1 2006
136 Switzerland Switzerland 1 2005 est.
137 Panama Panama 1 2006
138 Paraguay Paraguay 1 2006 est.
139 New Zealand New Zealand 1 2005 est.
140 Austria Austria 0.9 2005 est.
141 Kazakhstan Kazakhstan 0.9 FY02
142 Luxembourg Luxembourg 0.9 2005 est.
143 Tonga Tonga 0.9 2006 est.
144 Somalia Somalia 0.9 2005 est.
145 Philippines Philippines 0.9 2005 est.
146 Republic of Ireland Ireland 0.9 2005 est.
147 Argentina Argentina 0.8 2009 est.
148 Dominican Republic Dominican Republic 0.8 2006
149 São Tomé and Príncipe São Tomé and Príncipe 0.8 2006
150 Japan Japan 0.8 2006
151 Mozambique Mozambique 0.8 2006
152 Ghana Ghana 0.8 2006 est.
153 Cape Verde Cape Verde 0.7 2005
154 Malta Malta 0.7 2006 est.
155 Honduras Honduras 0.6 2006 est.
156 Nicaragua Nicaragua 0.6 2006
157 Suriname Suriname 0.6 2006 est.
158 Jamaica Jamaica 0.6 2006 est.
159 Georgia (country) Georgia 0.59 2005 est.
160 Barbados Barbados 0.5 2006 est.
161 The Gambia Gambia, The 0.5 2006
162 The Bahamas Bahamas, The 0.5 2006
163 Mexico Mexico 0.5 2006 est.
164 Laos Laos 0.5 2006
165 Costa Rica Costa Rica [54] 0.4 2006
166 Guatemala Guatemala 0.4 2006
167 Moldova Moldova 0.4 2005 est.
168 Haiti Haiti 0.4 2006
169 Mauritius Mauritius 0.3 2006 est.
170 Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago 0.3 2006
171 Tanzania Tanzania 0.2 2005 est.
172 Bermuda Bermuda 0.11 2005 est.
173 Equatorial Guinea Equatorial Guinea 0.1 2006 est.
174 Iceland Iceland 0.0 2005 est.
- European Union European Union 0.7-4.3 2005-2007 est.

[edit] List of countries by military expenditure as purchasing power parity (PPP)

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Here is a list of major spenders in terms of purchasing power parity (PPP) estimated by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). These figures should be treated with caution since estimating defence expenditure using PPP can be misleading.[55]

Rank Country Military expenditures as PPP (USD billion)
1 United States USA 547
2 People's Republic of China China 140
3 Russia Russian Federation 78.7
4 India India 72.7
5 United Kingdom United Kingdom 54.7
6 Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia 52.8
7 France France 47.9
8 Japan Japan 37.0
9 Germany Germany 33.0
10 Italy Italy 29.6
11 South Korea South Korea 29.4
12 Brazil Brazil 26.1
13 Iran Iran 22.1
14 Turkey Turkey 16.5
15 Republic of China Republic of China 15.8

[edit] See also

Search Wikinews Wikinews has related news: Global annual military spending tops $1.2 trillion

[edit] References

  1. ^ http://www.sipri.org/yearbook/2009/05/05A
  2. ^ Data as of Oct 2007. See Renminbi
  3. ^ a b The FY 2009 Pentagon Spending Request - Global Military Spending http://www.armscontrolcenter.org/policy/securityspending/articles/fy09_dod_request_global/ Center for Arms Control and Non/Proliferation study
  4. ^ http://www.nato.int/nato_static/assets/pdf/pdf_2009_02/2009_03_D34F22C9AE854B7FAA0BB409A21C90D3_p09-009.pdf
  5. ^ http://www.gpoaccess.gov/usbudget/fy10/pdf/budget/defense.pdf
  6. ^ Official defense budget in 2009: 480,686 million yuan[1]
  7. ^ HM Treasury budget for 2009: £38.7 billion (p241)
  8. ^ Budget of the Ministry of Defense in 2010 is €42.516 bn: €39.18 bn for the Defense mission and €3.336 bn for Veterans' Affairs
  9. ^ Budget of the Ministry of Defense in 2008: ¥4,742.6 bn for Defense-related expenditures + ¥18.0 bn for SACO-related expenditures + ¥19.1 bn for US forces realignment-related expenditures [2]
  10. ^ €29.45 bn in 2008Deutsche Welle
  11. ^ 1,109 billion rubles in 2010[3]
  12. ^ €21,138.4 million in 2008[4]
  13. ^ Stockholm International Peace Research Institute: The fifteen major spenders in 2007.
  14. ^ 1,417 billion rupees in fiscal year 2009[5]
  15. ^ http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2008/01/205_16590.html
  16. ^ National Congress of Brazil. Brazilian Federal Budget (2009) - Ministry of Defense (Ministério da Defesa).
  17. ^ Australian Department of Defence (2009). Defence Portfolio Budget Statements 2009-10. Table 5, Page 19.
  18. ^ http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1120986.html
  19. ^ Departmental Planned Spending and Full-Time Equivalents
  20. ^ Exchange rates 8 Oct 2009
  21. ^ http://www.nato.int/docu/pr/2009/p09-009.pdf
  22. ^ 51.6 mld NIS
  23. ^ Rijksbegroting
  24. ^ 25 mld PLN
  25. ^ Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
  26. ^ http://www.straitstimes.com/Breaking%2BNews/Singapore/Story/STIStory_337818.html
  27. ^ http://www.mindefensa.gov.co/descargas2/anexos/8758_Presupuesto_2009.pdf
  28. ^ [6]
  29. ^ Så fördelas pengarna
  30. ^ Global Firepower, Mexico profile
  31. ^ CIA World Factbook, Military expenditures
  32. ^ Party for Socialism and Liberation (PSL): The U.S. military machine: North Korea bomb test in perspective
  33. ^ Saorbats, Chile profile
  34. ^ Ministry of Finance - Thailand.
  35. ^ >Ministry of Economy and Finance of Peru.
  36. ^ Budget at a glance
  37. ^ Uitgaven
  38. ^ http://www.vm.fi/vm/fi/04_julkaisut_ja_asiakirjat/01_julkaisut/01_budjetit/20090126Budjet/Budjettikatsaus_suomi_NETTI%2bKANNET.pdf
  39. ^ Federation of American Scientists—Egypt Military Force
  40. ^ Global Security military expenditures
  41. ^ Austrian Budget for 2007-2008: 2.037 Billion Euros/ Exchangerate 1:1.46
  42. ^ (MoND Budget as of 2007)
  43. ^ The budget of the Azeri Armed Forces reaches $2 Billion
  44. ^ http://jamestown.org/edm/article.php?article_id=2373496 Azerbaijan military budget to increase by $343 mln from 2008 budget
  45. ^ Ukrainian Armed Forces White Book
  46. ^ [www.ccmr.org/public/library_file_proxy.cfm/lid/5590].
  47. ^ Ministry of Finance and Planning Sri Lanka.
  48. ^ План за организационно изграждане и модернизация на въоръжените сили до 2015 година
  49. ^ Armenian military budget 2009
  50. ^ Al Jazeera English - Africa - Famine-hit Ethiopia ups army budget
  51. ^ allAfrica.com: Ethiopia: Country to Spend $5.6 Billion in 2008/09 (Page 1 of 1)
  52. ^ Icelandic State Budget for 2008
  53. ^ World Politics Review | China's Latest Military Spending Increase Garners Anxious Reactions
  54. ^ Costa Rica abolished its military in 1949, but the CIA World Factbook counts the expenditures of the Ministry of Public Security as military spending. SIPRI lists the amount as "not available or not applicable", yet mentions "Expenditure for paramilitary forces, border guard, and maritime and air surveillance is less than 0.05% of GDP"
  55. ^ The Chinese Defense Budget: Myths and Reality http://www.cato-at-liberty.org/2007/04/23/the-chinese-defense-budget-myths-and-reality/

[edit] External Links

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