Nankai University

Coordinates: 39°06′04″N 117°09′53″E / 39.10111°N 117.16472°E / 39.10111; 117.16472
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Nankai University
南开大学
Motto允公允能,日新月异[1]
Motto in English
Dedication to Public Interests, Acquisition of All-round Capability, Aspiration for Progress with Each Passing Day[1]
TypeNational, Public
Established1919; 105 years ago (1919)
PresidentChen Yulu
Academic staff
2,286
Undergraduates17,339
Postgraduates17,467
Location,
China
CampusBalitai, Jinnan, TEDA
Websitenankai.edu.cn
Nankai University
Simplified Chinese南开大学
Traditional Chinese南開大學

Nankai University (南开大学) is a public university in Tianjin, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education of China. The university is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction.[2][3]

Nankai University was established in 1919 as the private Nankai School by Yan Xiu and Zhang Boling. During the Second Sino-Japanese War from 1937 to 1945, Nankai University, Peking University and Tsinghua University merged and formed the National Changsha Provisional University, which later moved to Kunming and was renamed the National Southwestern Associated University (西南联大). On December 25, 2000, the State Ministry of Education signed an agreement with Tianjin Municipal Government to jointly establish and develop Nankai University.

Nankai's alumni include the first Premier of the People's Republic of China Zhou Enlai, mathematician Shiing-Shen Chern and Nobel laureates Chen Ning Yang and Tsung-Dao Lee.[4][5][6][7]

History[edit]

Students of Nankai University in 1919
Main Building of Nankai University

1919–1937[edit]

The university was founded as a private institution in 1919.[8] Nankai's scale was relatively small at its inception partly because it received no funding from the government but instead was funded by foreign charitable funds and local entrepreneurs, with only 3 departments (liberal arts, science, and business) and 96 students.[9] It was noted particularly for its courses which were taught in English using foreign curricula and textbooks.[10][citation needed]

The well-known Nankai Institute of Economics was established in 1927 and soon became one of the most prominent[11] in China being the first non-foreign entity to calculate a Chinese Consumer Price Index.[12]

By 1937, Nankai had expanded into a university of 3 colleges, 13 departments, and 2 research institutes, with 429 students and 110 faculty and staff members.[9]

It was once nicknamed "The North Star of Higher Learning".[13]

1937–1949[edit]

In July 1937, during the Sino-Japanese War, Nankai campus was severely damaged by Japanese bombings.[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] About two-thirds of Nankai's school buildings including its library were destroyed by the Japanese Imperial Army. A number of the school's artifacts, including the university bell,[22][23][24] were looted and remain in Japanese museums till this day.[citation needed]

In August 1937, still during the Sino-Japanese War, Nankai University, Peking University and Tsinghua University united to form the National Changsha Provisional University, which later moved to Kunming and was renamed the National Southwestern Associated University.[25][26][27][28] On April 2, it was renamed "National Southwestern Associated University.[27] In 1946, after the war, Nankai returned to Tianjin and was reformed into a national university by the government.[29] At that time, Nankai had four schools (Liberal Arts, Science, Political Science and Economics, and Engineering) and 16 departments.[30]

1949–1966[edit]

After the establishment of the People's Republic of China, Nankai was readjusted and became a comprehensive university with emphasis on the arts and sciences, with 14 departments and 3 professional specialties in total.[9]

1966–1976[edit]

From 1966 to 1976 the School's normal life was out of order due to the Cultural Revolution.[9] In 1976 a catastrophic earthquake broke out in Tangshan, bordering Tianjin, causing damage of varying degrees to the School's buildings.[9]

1976–present[edit]

Second Main Building of Nankai University

In February 1978, the State Council decided to resume and set up national key colleges, Nankai University is identified as the first national key college.[31]

After 1980, Nankai added a number of new specialties and institutes. In arts, applied specialties on financing were set up and the School of Economics was reopened in 1983, while in Sciences, interdisciplinary, marginal and high and new technological specialties were added.

Nankai was among the first universities in China to open its doors for students from America in the 1980s.[32] In 1989 the university was ordered by the Tianjin public security bureau to send two Americans back home, following rising political tensions over pro-democracy demonstrations.[33]

By the late 1980s, Nankai University had grown to be a comprehensive university embracing Humanities, Natural Sciences, Applied Sciences, Life Sciences, Managements and Art.

In 1994 Tianjin Foreign Trade College was merged to Nankai university. In 1999 under the combined efforts of Nankai and TEDA, TEDA College was set up. In 2000 the State Ministry of Education signed an agreement with Tianjin Municipal Government on jointly establishing and developing Nankai University. Experimental cooperation between Nankai University and Tianjin University was initiated on the principle of independent school-running and close cooperation. In 2002 under the cooperative efforts of Nankai, Government of Shenzhen and UC Berkeley, the Financial Engineering College was established in Shenzhen.

In May 2006 Nankai's president Rao Zihe tendered 15 of the 21 university's college dean positions, restaffing key positions in an effort to further improve the university's educational programs.[34]

In February 2015, following Chinese media reports and statements from inside the Chinese Communist Party that universities would have to "be cleansed of liberal Western textbooks and other ideological heresies", Nankai's president Gong Ke publicly stated: "Recently I've read people on the Internet saying that the ranks of academics must be cleansed, purified and rectified. I can't agree with this. This was the mentality of 1957 or 1966." and "We cannot re-enact this history of "leftist" errors against intellectuals."[35][36]

Campus[edit]

Nankai university encompasses three campuses. Balitai, Jinnan and TEDA.[37] The total local campus area is 456.1 and the building area 136.8 hectare.[38]

Balitai campus[edit]

Balitai was Nankai's first campus. established in 1919 and is located at Balitai in the Nankai district of Taijin. The campus hosts 10 colleges, namely the Business School, School of Economics, School of Literature, College of Chemistry, School of Mathematical Sciences, Institute of Physics, College of Foreign Languages, College of Life Sciences and Institute of Japan Studies.[39]

Jinnan campus[edit]

Jinnan campus is the latest campus of Nankai university. It was opened in September 2015 and is located in the jinnan Area. The campus hosts 14 colleges, the Zhou Enlai School of Government, College of Tourism and Service Management, School of Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Law School, College of Chinese Language and Culture, Faculty of Philosophy, College of History, College of Computer and Control Engineering, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, School of Finance and College of Software.[40]

TEDA campus[edit]

TEDA campus is also located in the Binhai New Area and hosts the TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology and the TEDA Institute of Applied Physics.[41]

Main Building of Nankai University

Academics[edit]

The Eastern Arts Building

Nankai is a multidisciplinary university under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Education.[42][citation needed]

Teaching and Learning[edit]

The university has academic programs that cover the humanities, natural sciences, technology, life sciences, medical sciences and the arts, with an equal balance between the sciences and the liberal arts.[43]

Nankai's academic programs operate on a semester calendar, with two terms. The first beginning in early September and ending in early January and the second beginning in early February and ending in early July. Subsequently, winter break usually ranges from early January to early February and summer break from early July to early September.[44]

Nankai, in 2013, had 22 colleges and schools, and offered 79 bachelor's degree programs, 231 master's degree programs, and 172 PhD programs. The total enrollment stood at approximately 12,000 undergraduate students and 11,000 graduate students. Of the total student population, 10% were international students from different countries around the world.

In 2018 the university offered a total of 80 undergraduate programs, 231 Master and 172 PhD programs and 28 post doctoral research stations. The total count of full-time students was 24,525. Academic staff consisted of 1,986 full-time teaching personnel, with 214 professors and 805 associate professors.[38]

Nankai offers different scholarships, among them the Chinese Government Scholarship for international students,[45] the CSC Scholarship for American Students,[46] the Tianjin Government Scholarship,[47] the Confucius Institute Scholarship[48] and the Nankai University Scholarship.[49]

Nankai also offers several scholarship programs to support international exchanges and hosts different international student exchange programs.[50] Nankai's broad international programs are organized through the International Office. The university has established cooperations with more than 300 international universities and academic institutions, including programs like an Elementary School Chinese Program with schools in the US, which was launched in 2009.[51][52][53][54] In 2010 the US-China exchange program Study International was launched, with the plan to send 100,000 American students to china in a four-year time frame. The first students were sent to Nankai university in the fall of 2010.

In 2012 Nankai was invited to become the 35th member of The Global University Leaders Forum (GULF), a global community of high-ranking universities, including renowned members like Yale University, Harvard University and the University of Oxford.[55][additional citation(s) needed]

Nankai University Library (Central Library)

Research[edit]

The university has established broad international exchanges and collaborative relationships with more than 200 universities and academic institutions. Nobel Laureates Chen Ning Yang, Tsung-Dao Lee, Samuel Chao Chung Ting, Robert A. Mundell, and Reinhard Selten as well as former President of Korea Kim Dae Jung and former US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger were all conferred Honorary Professorships by Nankai University.[56]

In November 2016 Robert F. Engle, who won the 2003 Nobel Prize in economics, became an honorary professor at Nankai.[57]

Many other world-known scholars and entrepreneurs have been invited as Visiting Professors at Nankai University. Dr. Heng-Kang Sang returned from the United States to found the College of Economic and Social Development in 1987. Nankai University, a magnet for talented mathematicians known both at home and abroad, has become one of the most famous centers for mathematics worldwide.

Nankai established nine Confucius Institutes around the world.[58][citation needed]

Scientists from Nankai have been involved in different scientific breakthroughs and important advancements.[59][60][61]

Rankings and reputation[edit]

University rankings
BCUR National[62] Domestic 20
Wu Shulian National[63] Domestic 24
CUAA National[64] Alumni 9
QS National[65] General 20
THE National[66] General 17–20
QS Asia
(Asia version)[67]
General 92
THE Asia
(Asia version)[68]
General =61
ARWU World[69] Research 151–200
QS World[70] General =384
THE World[71] General 251–300
USNWR World[72] General =256
Nankai University Library (Central Library)

Nankai University is ranked among the top 10 universities in China, with exceptions in 2017 and 2018.[6] In the ranking of top 50 universities in China published by Renmin University of China in June 2011, it was ranked 10th.[4] In the Netbig ranking of 2011 it was ranked 10th as well.[5] In the QS World University Rankings of 2013 it was ranked 62nd among Asian universities, and 11th in China.[6] In the Chinese first-class university ranking of 2012 by Wu Shulian of China Management Academy, it was placed 8th.[7] In the CWTS Leiden Ranking 2013, it was ranked 53rd among world universities, and 1st in China.[73] In the Nature Index Global 2014, it was ranked 83rd among world universities, and 7th in China.[74]

Department rankings[edit]

The university is also highly regarded for its top quality undergraduate programs.[75] Nankai's mathematics, chemistry[76], history, business and economics programs are among the best in China.[75][77][78]

Chern, Shiing-Shen established the world's largest mathematics institute (in terms of office area) in Nankai University.[79][citation needed]

Student life[edit]

Student body[edit]

In 2018 Nankai enrolled 24,525 full-time students, with 13,067 undergraduate, 8,162 postgraduate and 3,296 PhD students. Of them 1,902 were international students.[80][citation needed]

Colleges and schools[edit]

[81]

People[edit]

Presidents[edit]

The universities first president Zhang Boling

Notable alumni[edit]

Zhou Enlai, first Premier of the People's Republic of China and student of the first ever class at Nankai in 1919

Notable alumni of Nankai university include

A more extensive list of Nankai alumni can be found here.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b "Nankai Motto". Retrieved July 19, 2018.
  2. ^ "Nankai University". China Admissions. Retrieved July 25, 2020.
  3. ^ "教育部 财政部 国家发展改革委 关于公布世界一流大学和一流学科建设高校及建设 学科名单的通知 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站". www.moe.gov.cn.
  4. ^ a b "Renmin University of China Higher Education Research". plan.ruc.edu.cn (in Chinese). Retrieved July 6, 2011.
  5. ^ a b "Netbig 2011 Chinese University Ranking". rank2011.netbig.com (in Chinese). Archived from the original on June 28, 2011. Retrieved July 6, 2011.
  6. ^ a b c "QS World University Rankings". topuniversities.com.
  7. ^ a b "List of the first-class Chinese Universities 2012". qq.com. Retrieved February 3, 2012.
  8. ^ 梁吉生 (March 2005). 逝去的大学. 北京: 同心出版社. ISBN 9787805939537.
  9. ^ a b c d e 南开大学校史编写组 (October 1989). 南开大学校史. 天津: 南开大学出版社.
  10. ^ "Nankai University". en.nankai.edu.cn. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
  11. ^ "中国经济研究中心". www.ciids.cn. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
  12. ^ "提示信息". www.nankai.edu.cn.
  13. ^ 南开大学校史研究室 (July 16, 2014). "不能忘却的历史——南开大学被炸77周年祭". 南开大学报.
  14. ^ China Information Service (1938). Bulletin. p. 28.
  15. ^ Epstein, Israel (1939). The people's war. V. Gollancz. p. 51.
  16. ^ Epstein, Israel (2005). My China Eye: Memoirs of a Jew and a Journalist. Long River Press. pp. 69–. ISBN 978-1-59265-042-2.
  17. ^ The China Magazine. Chinese News Service. 1946. p. 25.
  18. ^ China Magazine. Chinese News Service. 1946. p. 25.
  19. ^ Shih, Hu (February 1, 2013). English Writings of Hu Shih: Literature and Society. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 164–. ISBN 978-3-642-31184-0.
  20. ^ Winchester, Simon (September 25, 2008). Bomb, Book and Compass: Joseph Needham and the Great Secrets of China. Penguin UK. pp. 65–. ISBN 978-0-14-188989-4.
  21. ^ Richard J. Meyer (2009). Jin Yan: The Rudolph Valentino of Shanghai. Hong Kong University Press. pp. 66–. ISBN 978-962-209-586-1.
  22. ^ "中央社对天津战事的报道". 申报. 天津. 中央社. July 30, 1937.
  23. ^ "日机继续轰炸南开". 申报. 天津. 中央社. July 31, 1937. pp. 第四版.
  24. ^ 中央日报社 (July 31, 1937). "中央日报社评:南开精神". 中央日报.
  25. ^ 彭未风; 刘德胜; 唐瑶 (June 28, 2015). "天津高等教育变迁史". 每日新报.
  26. ^ 南开大学校长办公室 (July 1995). 日军毁掠南开暴行录. 天津: 南开大学出版社.
  27. ^ a b 清华大学校史研究室 (2006). 清华漫话. 北京: 清华大学出版社. pp. 29–33. ISBN 978-730-212-865-6.
  28. ^ 方惠坚,张思敬 (2001). 清华大学志(下册). 北京: 清华大学出版社. pp. 678–694. ISBN 7-302-04319-1.
  29. ^ 江沛 (2011). "蒋介石与张伯苓及南开大学". 民国档案 (1): 69–79.
  30. ^ 王文俊 (1989年). 南开大学校史资料选:1919-1949. 天津: 南开大学出版社. p. 913.
  31. ^ 天津通志. 天津: 天津市地方志编修委员会办公室. 2007.
  32. ^ Neuffer, Elizabeth (January 5, 1986). "New York Times: China opens up to Americans". The New York Times. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
  33. ^ Bernstein, Richard (June 28, 1989). "New York Times: Beijing orders 2 more Americans to Leave China". The New York Times. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
  34. ^ Xin, Hao; Normile, Dennis (January 11, 2008). "Gunning for the Ivy League". Science. 319 (5860): 148–151. doi:10.1126/science.319.5860.148. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 18187632. S2CID 26144558.
  35. ^ Buckley, Chris (February 10, 2015). "University President Sees Echoes of Cultural Revolution in New Campaign". Sinosphere Blog. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
  36. ^ Buckley, Chris (February 13, 2015). "Chinese President Returns to Mao's (and His) Roots in Yan'an". Sinosphere Blog. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
  37. ^ "Nankai Campus". Retrieved July 19, 2018.
  38. ^ a b "Facts and Figures". nankai.en.school.cucas.cn. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
  39. ^ "八里台校区-南开大学接待服务中心". nkjd.nankai.edu.cn. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
  40. ^ "津南校区-南开大学接待服务中心". nkjd.nankai.edu.cn. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
  41. ^ "泰达学院". teda.nankai.edu.cn. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
  42. ^ "About NKU". en.nankai.edu.cn. Retrieved November 2, 2023.
  43. ^ "School of Literature Nankai University". wxy.nankai.edu.cn. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
  44. ^ "Nankai University Academic Calendar". Retrieved July 19, 2018.
  45. ^ "Chinese Government Scholarship". Retrieved July 18, 2018.
  46. ^ "CSC Scholarship for American Students". Retrieved July 18, 2018.
  47. ^ "Tianjin Government Scholarship". Retrieved July 18, 2018.
  48. ^ "Confucius Institute Scholarship". Retrieved July 18, 2018.
  49. ^ "Nankai University Scholarship". Retrieved July 18, 2018.
  50. ^ "Nankai University Student Exchange". Retrieved July 18, 2018.
  51. ^ Pomfret, John (July 27, 2008). "A Long Wait at the Gate to Greatness". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
  52. ^ Hill, David (August 27, 2009). "Elementary School Expands Chinese Program". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
  53. ^ "Nankai University exchange programs". Retrieved July 18, 2018.
  54. ^ "Nankai University partners". Retrieved July 18, 2018.
  55. ^ "Nankai University International Organizations". Retrieved July 18, 2018.
  56. ^ "Nankai Scholars". Retrieved July 18, 2018.
  57. ^ 冯紫煜. "Nobel prize winner to educate students in Tianjin". www.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
  58. ^ "南开大学国际合作与交流处". international.nankai.edu.cn. Retrieved November 2, 2023.
  59. ^ "Financial Times: Worth Watching (Liquorice Cancer Care)". Financial Times. June 5, 2006. Archived from the original on December 10, 2022. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
  60. ^ "The Washington Post: What's Not to Like About a Graphene Spacecraft?". The Washington Post. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
  61. ^ "Talk about mind control: Chinese develop a car operated by brain waves". Washington Post. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
  62. ^ "2023 Best Chinese Universities Ranking". Shanghai Ranking. 2023. Retrieved March 5, 2024.
  63. ^ "Wu Shulian University Ranking". Chinese Academy of Management Science. 2023. Retrieved March 5, 2024.
  64. ^ Chinese Universities Alumni Association (2024). "Alumni Association (22nd Edition): Chinese University Rankings 2024". Retrieved January 16, 2024. Alternative URL
  65. ^ "QS University Rankings 2024 - China (Mainland)". Top Universities. 2024. Retrieved June 27, 2023.
  66. ^ "THE University Rankings 2024 - China". Times Higher Education (THE). 2024. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
  67. ^ "QS World University Rankings: Asia 2024". QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. 2024. Retrieved November 8, 2023.
  68. ^ "Asia University Rankings 2023". Times Higher Education. 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2023.
  69. ^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities". Institute of Higher Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. 2023. Retrieved August 20, 2023.
  70. ^ "QS World University Rankings". QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. 2024. Retrieved June 27, 2023.
  71. ^ "THE World University Rankings". Times Higher Education. 2024. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
  72. ^ U.S.News & World Report (2022). "Best Global Universities - US News". Retrieved July 20, 2023.
  73. ^ "Leiden Ranking". Universiteit Leiden Centre for Science and Technology Studies. Retrieved August 19, 2013.
  74. ^ "Nature Index Global 2014". Nature. 515 (7526). Nature Publishing Group: S98–S108. 2014. doi:10.1038/515S98a. PMID 25390156.
  75. ^ a b "2021 china university major rankings". www.shanghairanking.cn. Retrieved March 31, 2022.
  76. ^ Zhao, Dongbing; Xu, Jialiang; Bu, Xian-He; Chen, Jun (November 1, 2019). "Materials chemistry at Nankai University: A special issue dedicated to the 100th anniversary of Nankai University". Science China Materials. 62 (11): 1505–1506. doi:10.1007/s40843-019-1197-4. ISSN 2199-4501.
  77. ^ "2021 china's best subject ranking". www.shanghairanking.cn. Retrieved March 31, 2022.
  78. ^ "Nankai university ShanghaiRanking". www.shanghairanking.cn. Retrieved March 31, 2022.
  79. ^ "陈省身数学研究所". www.cim.nankai.edu.cn. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
  80. ^ "南开大学 - 南开大学 - 汉语桥团组在线体验平台". bridge.chinese.cn. Retrieved November 2, 2023.
  81. ^ "专业学院". www.nankai.edu.cn. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
  82. ^ "南开大学历届校长". ren.bytravel.cn. Retrieved November 2, 2023.
  83. ^ "曹雪涛". www.nankai.edu.cn. Retrieved November 2, 2023.
  84. ^ 21世纪经济报道 (August 26, 2022). "陈雨露出任南开大学校长". finance.sina.com.cn. Retrieved November 2, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  85. ^ "国务院发展研究中心". www.drc.gov.cn. Retrieved November 2, 2023.
  86. ^ "FELLOWS DIRECTORY | The Royal Society of Canada". rsc-src.ca. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  87. ^ Hitchin, N. J. (August 13, 2014). "Shiing-Shen Chern. 26 October 1911 – 3 December 2004". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 60: 75–85. doi:10.1098/rsbm.2014.0018. ISSN 0080-4606.
  88. ^ Lelyveld, Joseph (September 30, 1974). "New York Times: In China, It's Politics by Allegory". The New York Times. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
  89. ^ ""Zhou Enlai Class" Named in Nankai University". en.people.cn. Retrieved July 12, 2018.
  90. ^ a b "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1957". www.nobelprize.org. Retrieved July 12, 2018.
  91. ^ "郭树清_人物资料_中国政府网". www.gov.cn. Retrieved November 2, 2023.
  92. ^ "Welcome to drama". April 18, 2006. Archived from the original on April 18, 2006. Retrieved July 12, 2018.
  93. ^ Chen, Xiaomei (April 1, 2014). The Columbia Anthology of Modern Chinese Drama. Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231165020.
  94. ^ "Scientists give up US nationality to become Chinese citizens". South China Morning Post. Retrieved July 12, 2018.
  95. ^ 新浪财经-自媒体综合 (October 12, 2019). "张一鸣捐赠1亿元在母校设立"南开大学创新基金"". finance.sina.com.cn. Retrieved November 2, 2023.

External links[edit]

39°06′04″N 117°09′53″E / 39.10111°N 117.16472°E / 39.10111; 117.16472