National costume
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
National costume, (also: national dress, regional costume, folk dress or traditional garment), expresses an identity through costume which usually relates to a geographic area or a period of time in history, but can also indicate social, marital and/or religious status. Such costumes often come in two forms: one for everyday occasions, the other for festivals and formal wear.
In United States usage the term "costume" is used in the sense of "fanciful dress", and so "national dress" is used to avoid this connotation.
Following the outbreak of romantic nationalism, the peasantry of Europe came to serve as models for all that appeared genuine and desirable. Their dress crystallised into so-called "typical" forms, and enthusiasts adopted it as part of their symbolism.
In areas where contemporary Western fashions have become usual, traditional garments are often worn in connection with special events and celebrations, particularly those connected with cultural traditions, heritage, or pride.
In modern times there are instances where traditional garments are required by law, as in Bhutan, where the traditional Tibetan-style clothing of gho and kera for men, kira and toego for women, must be worn by all citizens -- even those not of Tibetan heritage; or in Saudi Arabia, where women are required to wear the abaya in public.
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[edit] Examples of national costumes
[edit] Africa
- Benin - lace Dashiki suit and Aso Oke Hat (male), lace Buba and wrapper set (female)
- Egypt - Galabeya
- Ethiopia - Ethiopian suit (male), Ethiopian coffee dress (female)
- Ghana - Kente cloth, Ghanaian smock, and Fila (male), Kente buba and skirt set and Kaftan (female)
- Kenya - Dashiki, Kanzu, and Kofia (male), Kanga and Kitenge (female)
- Liberia - Dashiki suit and Kufi (male), Buba and skirt set, Buba and wrapper set, and Kaftan (female)
- Mali - Grand boubou and Kufi (male), Kaftan (female)
- Morocco - Djellaba (male), Fez hat, Takchita (female)
- Nigeria - Agbada and Isiagu (male), Buba and wrapper set (female), Fila, Aso Oke Hat
- Senegal - Senegalese kaftan and Kufi (male), Kaftan (female)
- Somalia - Khameez, Macawiis, and Koofiyad (male), Hijab (female)
- South Africa - Madiba shirt, Dashiki, Zulu crown (isicholo)
- Sudan - Jalabiyyah, Taqiyyah, and Turban (male), Toob, a cotton women's dress (female)
- Tanzania - Kanzu, Dashiki, and Kofia (male), Kanga (female)
- Uganda - Kanzu, Dashiki, and Kofia (male), Gomesi (female)
- Zanzibar - Gowni
- Zimbabwe - Guayabera and Dashiki (male), Buba and skirt set (female)
[edit] Americas
- Brazil - Baiana suit, Pilcha
- Canada - Tuque, Anorak, Ceinture fléchée
- Chile - Huaso costume
- Cuba - Guayabera (male), Guayabera dress (female)
- Dominican Republic - Chacabana
- Jamaica - Quadrille dress (female), Guayabera (male)
- Mexico - sombrero, Mariachi suit, Charro suit, Huipil, Rebozo, Sarape
- Panama - Pollera
- Peru - Chullo, Poncho
- Puerto Rico - Guayabera (male)
- St. Lucia - Kwadril dress (female)
- Trinidad - Guayabera (male)
- United States - Various forms of Native American clothing. Traditional dress in Texas and the Southwest includes Cowboy Hats and boots, and bolo ties. Traditional dress for Clogging and Square dancing
[edit] Asia
[edit] East Asia
- China - Hanfu, more recently Qipao (female) and Changshan, Mao suit, Tangzhuang (male)
- Mongolia - Deel
- Japan - Kimono
- Korea - Hanbok
[edit] South Asia
- Bangladesh - Pajamas and Lungi, Kurta/Panjabi (male) and Sari, Salwar Kameez (female)
- South India - Dhoti and Lungi, Kurta (male) and Salwar Kameez (female), Sari, Turban
- Maldives - Dhivehi libaas (women) Sarong, long sleeved white shirt (men)
- Bhutan - Gho (male) and Kira (female)
- Nepal - Daura and Sharwal, (male) and Sari, Gunyo Cholo (female)
- Sri Lanka - Dhoti and Lungi, Sarong, Sari
[edit] Southeast Asia and Pacific
- Cambodia - Sampot
- Hawaii - Hawaiian Shirt Hawaiian Skirt
- Indonesia - Batik, Kebaya (female)
- Malaysia - Baju Melayu (male), Baju Kurung (female), Baju Kebaya (female),Sarong
- Myanmar - Lungi
- New Zealand - Maori Flax Skirts
- Philippines - Barong Tagalog (male) and Baro't saya (female)
- Thailand - Suea Phra Ratchathan (male) and Thai Chakkri, Thai Boromphiman, Thai Siwalai, Thai Dusit, Thai Chakkraphat, Thai Amarin, Thai Chitlada, Thai Ruean Ton (female), Sampot
- Tonga - tupenu and ta'ovala
- Vietnam - Áo dài (female) and Áo gấm (male), Áo tứ thân (female),Yếm {female},Áo bà ba {female},Ao Ngu Than {female} Nón lá Tay/Thai {female and male}
[edit] Europe
- Albania - Albanian Traditional Clothing, Fustanella
- Austria - Tracht, Dirndl
- Bavaria - Dirndl, Lederhosen
- Bohemia - Kroje
- England - Pearly Kings and Queens, Morris dancer costumes
- France - Breton shirt, Beret
- Germany - Tracht, Lederhosen, Dirndl
- Greece - Fustanella, Peplos
- Iceland - Þjóðbúningurinn
- Ireland - Aran sweater, Grandfather shirt, Flat cap, Irish stepdance costumes
- Italy - Italian folk dance costumes, Tarantella costumes
- Republic of Macedonia - Traditional clothing
- Malta - Għonnella (Faldetta)
- Moravia - Kroje
- Netherlands - Dutch cap, sabot
- Norway - Bunad
- Ancient Rome - Toga, Stola
- Russia - Sarafan, Kosovorotka, Ushanka
- Scotland - Kilt, tam o'shanter, Aboyne dress
- Slovakia - Kroj (embroidered traditional dress)
- Sweden - sverigedräkten
- Ukraine - embroidered blouse/shirt, Ukrainian wreath
- Wales - Welsh hat
- Poland - Polish dress
[edit] Greater Middle East
- Afghanistan - Kurta (male) and Shalwar Kameez (female), Burqa, Turban
- Arab world - Abaya, Fez, Keffiyeh, Taqiyah, Hijab (by Muslims)
- Iran - Chador, Giveh, Galesh
- Israel - Yarmulke, Tallit, Tefillin (religious clothes of Jewish people), Tichel/Sheitel/Snood/Shpitzel, Tzniut
- Pakistan - Shalwar Kameez (male and female)
- Turkey - Fez (male), Yashmak (female), Islak (long shirt), and Shalwar (pants)
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