Next Generation Jammer
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The Next Generation Jammer is a program to develop an airborne electronic warfare system, as a replacement for the AN/ALQ-99 found on the EA-18G military aircraft. It reached Initial Operating Capability in 2021.
Platforms[edit]
The AN/ALQ-99 is currently mounted on the EA-18G Growler aircraft of the U.S. Navy and the Royal Australian Air Force, as well as the now-retired EA-6B Prowler aircraft belonging to the U.S. Marine Corps.
In the primary role of suppression of air defenses, these aircraft are to provide modified escort jamming from outside the range of known surface to air missiles.[1]
History[edit]
The poor reliability of the ALQ-99 and frequent failures of the Built In Test (BIT) have caused crew to fly missions with undetected faults. The ALQ-99 also interferes with the aircraft's AESA radar, reduces the top speed of the aircraft and imposes a high workload on the two man crew.[2]
The United States Marine Corps is considering replacing their Northrop Grumman EA-6B Prowler electronic attack aircraft with F-35s that have stealthy jammer pods attached.[3] In September 2008, the United States Navy outlined the basic requirements of the NGJ and stated that the design must be modular and open.[4] The Navy selected four companies to submit designs for the Next Generation Jammer.[5] The NGJ will have cyber attack capabilities where the AESA radar is used to insert tailored data streams into remote systems.[6][7]
The ITT-Boeing design for the NGJ includes six AESA arrays for all around coverage.[8][9] The team was awarded a $42 million contract to develop their design based on ITT's experience with broadband electronically steerable antenna arrays.[10] At the same time contracts were also awarded to Raytheon, Northrop Grumman and BAE Systems.[11]
After having existing jamming platforms thinly stretched over three wars during Operation Odyssey Dawn, the Navy accelerated the NGJ program and anticipated a vendor selection in 2013 instead of 2015 as previously planned.[12]
All contractors bidding for the program included Active Electronically Scanned Array technology in their plans.[13]
The Office of Naval Research has started a Next-Generation Airborne Electronic Attack (NGAEA) project to develop technologies for the NGJ.[14]
The system was expected to be fielded (on the Growler) by 2020,[15] but budget cuts pushed IOC to 2021, and now to 2022 for the Mid Band pod.[16][17] Tom Burbage of Lockheed Martin has said that the NGJ would be carried by his company's F-35 in 2022 or 2023.[18] Marine Corps Commandant Gen. James Amos has said that unlike previous generations of aircraft, the base EW systems in the standard F-35 will allow it to just attach the pods and perform the mission, without having to make a special electronic warfare version of the F-35.[19][citation needed]
In July 2013 it was announced by Navair that the $279 million Technical Development (TD) phase of the contract had been awarded to Raytheon Space and Airborne Systems.[20][21][22] On 26 July 2013, the Navy issued Raytheon a stop-work order, following a formal protest of the contract by BAE Systems.[23] In December 2013, the Government Accountability Office upheld the protest, claiming they found that the Navy used improper procedures to select Raytheon. The Navy examined the issue and continued with Raytheon.[24]
In 2013 Boeing invested their own funds in a series of upgrades that they believe will be needed for the Growler to field the NGJ.[25]
After a successful System Readiness Review in June 2014, Raytheon expects to move forward with flight testing in September 2014 and an IOC of late 2020. The test was flown in November 2014.[26] The pod operates independently of the aircraft's systems, automatically responding to identified threats. One unique aspect of the NGJ is that its AESA array combines EW, coms, radar, and signals intelligence. AESA is known to perform EW and radar, but also handling SIGINT and serving as a communications array are new capabilities. Other than dedicated EW aircraft, the pods can be installed on other platforms like the UCLASS with little modification.[27]
The Royal Australian Air Force is contributing $250 million towards the NGJ program, and is directly participating in its development.[28]
The first flight test of the mid-band (MB) version of the pod took place in August 2020 aboard an EA-18G out of Naval Air Station Patuxent River in Maryland. This flight was intended to prove that the pod could be safely flown aboard the EA-18G. Initial Operating Capability is on the MB pod in FY 2022, with a Capability Block 1 contract awarded in the fall of 2020. The mid-band and then the low-band pods will supplement the legacy jamming system on the Growlers until the high-band, the last of the three increments, is fielded and the legacy system can be safely retired.[17]
See also[edit]
Related ECMs[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ "DOD Should Continue to Assess Potential Duplication and Overlap As Program Moves Forward GAO-13-642, Aug 20, 2013"
- ^ GAO-10-388SP, Defense Acquisitions: Assessments of Selected Weapon Programs, March 30, 2010
- ^ Butler, Amy and Douglas Barrie. "Stealthy Jammer Considered for F-35." Aviation Week, 15 June 2009. Retrieved: 23 November 2009.
- ^ Kent, John R. et al. "Next Generation Jammer Technology Maturation Studies Broad Agency Announcement." navair.navy.mil, 30 September 2008. Retrieved: 29 March 2010.
- ^ "US Navy starts next-generation jammer bidding war." Flightglobal.com. Retrieved: 23 November 2009.
- ^ Fulghum, David A. "U.S. Navy Wants To Field Cyber-Attack System." Aviation Week, 31 March 2010. Retrieved: 1 April 2010.
- ^ "U.S. Cyber-Combat Needs Rules". Integrator.hanscom.af.mil. 2010-03-23. Archived from the original on 2011-12-12. Retrieved 2011-12-04.
- ^ Fulghum, David A. and Bill Sweetman. "Jammer Competition Spurs New Technology." Aviation Week, 28 May 2010. Retrieved: 5 June 2010.
- ^ Dench, John. "ITT Next Generation Jammer technology." . ITT. Retrieved: 19 August 2011. Archived July 27, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Dench, John. ITT/ "Boeing Next Generation Jammer Team Wins $42 million Navy Award to Mature Technology." marketwatch.com, 16 July 2010. Retrieved: 18 July 2010.
- ^ "Navy awards jammer contracts." spacewar.com, 15 July 2010. Retrieved: 18 July 2010.
- ^ Fulghum, David. "Navy Will Select NGJ Contractor In 2013." Aviation Week, 19 January 2012.
- ^ Fulghum, David. "New EW Capabilities To Emerge With NGJ." Aviation Week and Space Technology, 27 January 2012.
- ^ "Next Generation Airborne Electronic Attack."
- ^ Majumdar, Dave. "IN FOCUS: US Navy Next Generation Jammer proceeds, but F-35 integration deferred indefinitely." Flight Global, 11 May 2012.
- ^ "CNO's Position Report: 2014" (pdf). US Navy. 4 November 2014. Retrieved 2014-11-26.
- ^ a b "Flight Tests Begin on Next Generation Jammer Mid-Band Pods; Could Reach Milestone C This Fall". USNI News. 2020-08-19. Retrieved 2020-09-21.
- ^ Ellery, David. "Growler obsolete in 5 years, expert says." The Sydney Morning Herald, 24 August 2012.
- ^ "No plans to build F-35 EW variant"
- ^ "Contracts: Navy"
- ^ "Navy awards contract for Next Generation Jammer technology development."
- ^ "Raytheon To Develop U.S. Navy's Next Generation Jammer."
- ^ US Navy issues NGJ TD contract stop-work order to Raytheon - Strategicdefenseintelligence.com, 26 July 2013
- ^ "Raytheon to keep next-generation jammer contract- US Navy". yahoo.com. Reuters. 24 January 2014. Retrieved 24 January 2014.
- ^ Lee, Caitlin (22 December 2013). "Boeing eyes USN's Growler for conformal fuel tank upgrade". www.janes.com. IHS, Inc. Retrieved 26 December 2013.
- ^ "Prototype Electronic Warfare Pod Aces First Flight."
- ^ Clark, Colin (14 July 2014). "The $10B Next Generation Jammer Is 'On Track, On Schedule'". breakingdefense.com. Breaking Media, Inc. Retrieved 15 July 2014.
- ^ "Australia and US sign Next Generation Jammer development MOU -". Australian Aviation.