OASIS TOSCA

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Topology and Orchestration Specification for Cloud Applications (TOSCA) is an OASIS standard language to describe a topology of cloud based web services, their components, relationships, and the processes that manage them.[1] The TOSCA standard includes specifications of a file archive format called CSAR.

History[edit]

On 16 January 2014, OASIS TOSCA Technical Committee approved TOSCA 1.0 as a standard. Version 1.3 was approved on 26 February 2020 [2] and work is ongoing to define version 2.0[3]

Specification[edit]

The specification is fully described in the standard [4] and has been cited in academic papers such as [5][6]

Related specifications[edit]

Commercialization of cloud computing offerings has required manageability of tenant applications, particularly on a large scale. As such, vendors who offer their services to a wide market have written related standards that predate, or have been developed concurrently, with the OASIS TOSCA standard.

Amazon AWS CloudFormation template[edit]

The AWS CloudFormation template is a JSON data standard to allow cloud application administrators to define a collection of related AWS resources.

It is worth noting that CloudFormation is a proprietary format from AWS, that is not TOSCA based, and therefore does not bring the promise OASIS TOSCA is targeting. Check this grammar [7] compared to the OASIS TOSCA one .[8]

OpenStack Heat[edit]

The OpenStack Foundation has also defined a similar standard for specifying resources and the orchestrations for managing infrastructure, and application lifecycles. The heat-translator project was one of the first to adopt TOSCA for standardized templating.

Related projects[edit]

Cloudify[edit]

Cloudify is an open source, multi-cloud orchestration platform featuring unique technology that packages infrastructure, networking, and existing automation tools into certified blueprints.

Alien4Cloud[edit]

Application LIfecycle ENabler for Cloud (Alien4Cloud) is an open-source TOSCA based designer and cloud application lifecycle management platform. It is integrated with Yorc[9] for runtime orchestration though other orchestrators can be plugged to it.

Opera (xOpera orchestrator)[edit]

The xOpera project[10] provides a set of tools for orchestration and automation of the cloud applications. The xOpera includes Opera orchestrator (Python library[11]), a lightweight, open-source and state-aware orchestrator based on Ansible and TOSCA Simple Profile in YAML v1.3. The project also includes a tool, called Template Library Publishing Service,[12] for publishing TOSCA components and templates. In 2021 xOpera project was presented on the TOSCA TC implementation stories[13] webinar.[14]

Yorc[edit]

Ystia Orchestrator (Yorc) is an open-source TOSCA orchestration engine. It aims to support the whole application lifecycle, from deployment, scaling, monitoring, self-healing, self-scaling to application upgrade, over hybrid infrastructures (IaaS, HPC schedulers, CaaS).

Ubicity[edit]

Ubicity provides tooling and orchestrators based on TOSCA.

MiCADOscale[edit]

MiCADOscale is an open-source TOSCA-based cloud resource orchestration framework for applications using Docker.[15]

Infrastructure Manager[edit]

Infrastructure Manager (IM) [16] is an open-source TOSCA-based orchestration framework based on YAML.

Related research projects[edit]

CloudCycle[edit]

CloudCycle was funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy and ran from November 2011 to October 2014.[17] It covered an open source TOSCA modeler and an open source TOSCA interpreter[18]

SeaClouds[edit]

SeaClouds is an EU FP7 funded project whose mission is to provide adaptive multi-cloud management of service-based applications. It natively supports TOSCA, and it is participating in the standardization of such standard.

DICE[edit]

DICE is an EU H2020 funded project offering a model-driven DevOps toolchain to develop big data applications. TOSCA acts as the pivot language between modelling notations and the deployment, monitoring, etc., by offering standard infrastructure-as-code that can be generated automatically from models.

COLA[edit]

Cloud Orchestration at the Level of Application (COLA) is an EU H2020 funded project to develop a generic pluggable framework that supports the optimal and secure deployment and run-time orchestration of cloud applications. The developed framework (MiCADOscale) is a cloud-agnostic solution that allows existing applications to be scaled dynamically in real-time based on the current demand. The definition of the application is done in a TOSCA-based application description.

RADON[edit]

RADON[19] is an EU H2020 project focusing on providing the DevOps framework for creating and managing microservices-based applications. The project uses TOSCA with Ansible for defining IaC blueprints that can be graphically edited with Eclipse Winery.[20] The application lifecycle management was managed with the xOpera SaaS.[21]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "OASIS Topology and Orchestration Specification for Cloud Applications (TOSCA) TC". OASIS OPEN. OASIS. Retrieved 2 October 2021.
  2. ^ "TOSCA Simple Profile in YAML v1.3 OASIS Standard published". OASIS TOSCA. OASIS. 28 February 2020. Retrieved 2 October 2021.
  3. ^ "TOSCA Language Ad hoc working group 21 09 21". OASIS OPEN. OASIS. Retrieved 2 October 2021.
  4. ^ "TOSCA Simple Profile in YAML Version 1.3". OASIS OPEN. OASIS. Retrieved 2 October 2021.
  5. ^ Luzar, Anže; Stanovnik, Sašo; Cankar, Matija (7 September 2020). "Examination and Comparison of TOSCA Orchestration Tools". Software Architecture. Communications in Computer and Information Science. Vol. 1269. pp. 247–259. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-59155-7_19. ISBN 978-3-030-59154-0. S2CID 221743868. Retrieved 2 October 2021.
  6. ^ Cankar, Matija; Luzar, Anže; Tamburri, Damian A. (2020). "Auto-scaling Using TOSCA Infrastructure as Code". In Muccini, Henry; Avgeriou, Paris; Buhnova, Barbora; Camara, Javier; Caporuscio, Mauro; Franzago, Mirco; Koziolek, Anne; Scandurra, Patrizia; Trubiani, Catia (eds.). Software Architecture. Communications in Computer and Information Science. Vol. 1269. Cham: Springer International Publishing. pp. 260–268. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-59155-7_20. ISBN 978-3-030-59155-7. S2CID 221743435.
  7. ^ https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/cloudformation-templates-us-west-2/EC2InstanceWithSecurityGroupSample.template [bare URL]
  8. ^ "TOSCA Simple Profile in YAML Version 1.1". docs.oasis-open.org.
  9. ^ "ALIEN 4 Cloud".
  10. ^ xOpera TOSCA orchestrator, XLAB d.o.o., 2021-11-23, retrieved 2021-11-26
  11. ^ d.o.o, XLAB, opera: Lightweight TOSCA orchestrator, retrieved 2021-11-26
  12. ^ "Template Library GUI". template-library-xopera.xlab.si. Retrieved 2021-11-26.
  13. ^ "TOSCA Implementation Stories - webinar series".
  14. ^ How can the TOSCA practitioners benefit from xOpera project?, retrieved 2021-11-26
  15. ^ DesLauriers, James; Kiss, Tamas; Ariyattu, Resmi C.; Dang, Hai‐Van; Ullah, Amjad; Bowden, James; Krefting, Dagmar; Pierantoni, Gabriele; Terstyanszky, Gabor (2021-10-10). "Cloud apps to‐go: Cloud portability with TOSCA and MiCADO". Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience. 33 (19). doi:10.1002/cpe.6093. ISSN 1532-0626. S2CID 226404900.
  16. ^ "IM - Infrastructure Manager a TOSCA Cloud Orchestrator".
  17. ^ Niehues, Peter (2014). "Verbundvorhaben: CLOUDCYCLE - Bereitstellung, Verwaltung und Vermarktung von portablen Cloud-Diensten mit garantierter Sicherheit und Compliance während des gesamten Lebenszyklus : Teilvorhaben: Analyse und Konzeption von cloudfähigen Services für den Einsatz in einer Bildungscloud : Schlussbericht : Laufzeit des Vorhabens: 01.11.2011-31.10.2014". regio iT gesellschaft für informationstechnologie mbh. doi:10.2314/GBV:866106324. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  18. ^ Niehues, Peter (2014). "Verbundvorhaben: CLOUDCYCLE - Bereitstellung, Verwaltung und Vermarktung von portablen Cloud-Diensten mit garantierter Sicherheit und Compliance während des gesamten Lebenszyklus : Teilvorhaben: Analyse und Konzeption von cloudfähigen Services für den Einsatz in einer Bildungscloud : Schlussbericht : Laufzeit des Vorhabens: 01.11.2011-31.10.2014". regio iT gesellschaft für informationstechnologie mbh. doi:10.2314/GBV:866106324. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  19. ^ "radon-h2020.eu – Unlocking the benefits of serverless FaaS". Retrieved 2021-11-26.
  20. ^ "Eclipse Winery documentation".
  21. ^ "xOpera SaaS — xOpera documentation". xlab-si.github.io. Retrieved 2021-11-26.

External links[edit]

Standards
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