Swimming at the 2016 Summer Olympics

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Swimming
at the Games of the XXXI Olympiad
Pictograms for Swimming (left) and Marathon Swimming (right)
VenueOlympic Aquatics Stadium (pool)
Fort Copacabana (open water)
Dates6–13 August 2016
15–16 August (Marathon)
No. of events34
Competitors955 from 174 nations
← 2012
2020 →

The swimming competitions at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro took place from 6 to 13 August at the Olympic Aquatics Stadium.[1] The women's open-water marathon was held on August 15, and the men's open water race on August 16 in Fort Copacabana.[2]

Open water quality[edit]

The location for open-water events was a source of concern for athletes since scientists have found microbes in the waters off of Fort Copacabana and drug-resistant super bacteria off the beaches of Rio de Janeiro in 2014 and 2016 studies due to the daily dumping of hospital waste and household raw sewage into the rivers and ocean. Ten percent of the Copacabana water test samples contained drug-resistant super bacteria.[3][4] However, during the races the water quality was good.[5][6]

Events[edit]

Interior view of the Olympic Aquatics Stadium, the temporary venue used for swimming at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

Similar to the program's format in 2012, swimming features a total of 34 events (17 each for men and women), including two 10 km open-water marathons. The following events were contested (all pool events are long course, and distances are in metres unless stated):

Schedule[edit]

Similar to previous Olympics since 2000, with the exception of 2008, the swimming program schedule occurred in two segments. For the pool events, prelims are held in the afternoon, followed by the semifinals and final in the evening and the night session (due to the substantial fees NBC has paid for rights to the Olympics, the IOC has allowed NBC to have influence on event scheduling to maximize U.S. television ratings when possible; NBC agreed to a $7.75 billion contract extension on May 7, 2014, to air the Olympics through the 2032 games[7] and is also one of the major sources of revenue for the IOC).[8][9] The dates in the table are for August.

Legend
H Heats ½ Semifinals F Final

A = Afternoon session, starting at 13:00 local time (16:00 UTC).
N = Night session, starting at 22:00 local time (01:00 UTC the next day).

Men[10]
Date → Aug 6 Aug 7 Aug 8 Aug 9 Aug 10 Aug 11 Aug 12 Aug 13 Aug 16
Event ↓ A N A N A N A N A N A N A N A N A N
50 m freestyle H ½ F
100 m freestyle H ½ F
200 m freestyle H ½ F
400 m freestyle H F
1500 m freestyle H F
100 m backstroke H ½ F
200 m backstroke H ½ F
100 m breaststroke H ½ F
200 m breaststroke H ½ F
100 m butterfly H ½ F
200 m butterfly H ½ F
200 m individual medley H ½ F
400 m individual medley H F
4 × 100 m freestyle relay H F
4 × 200 m freestyle relay H F
4 × 100 m medley relay H F
10 km open water F
Women[10]
Date → Aug 6 Aug 7 Aug 8 Aug 9 Aug 10 Aug 11 Aug 12 Aug 13 Aug 15
Event ↓ A N A N A N A N A N A N A N A N A N
50 m freestyle H ½ F
100 m freestyle H ½ F
200 m freestyle H ½ F
400 m freestyle H F
800 m freestyle H F
100 m backstroke H ½ F
200 m backstroke H ½ F
100 m breaststroke H ½ F
200 m breaststroke H ½ F
100 m butterfly H ½ F
200 m butterfly H ½ F
200 m individual medley H ½ F
400 m individual medley H F
4 × 100 m freestyle relay H F
4 × 200 m freestyle relay H F
4 × 100 m medley relay H F
10 km open water F

Qualification[edit]

FINA By-Law BL 9.3.6.4 (swimming) and BL 9.3.7.5.3 (open water) laid out the qualification procedures for the "Swimming" competition at the Olympics.[11] Each country is allowed to enter up to two swimmers per individual event (provided they qualify), and one entry per relay; and a country may not have more than 26 males and 26 females (52 total) on its team.

Swimming – individual events[edit]

On January 15, 2015, FINA posted the qualifying times for individual events for the 2016 Summer Olympics.[12] The time standards consisted of two types: an "Olympic Qualifying Time" (OQT) and an "Olympic Selection time" (OST). Each country was able to enter up to two swimmers per event, provided both swimmers met the (faster) qualifying time. A country was able to enter one swimmer per event that met the invitation standard. Any swimmer who met the "qualifying" time was entered in the event for the Games; a swimmer meeting the "invitation" standard was eligible for entry, and their entry was allotted/filled in by ranking.[12][13]

If a country had had no swimmers who meet either qualifying standard, it may have entered one male and one female. A country that did not receive an allocation spot but had at least one swimmer who met a qualifying standard might have enter the swimmer with the highest ranking.[13]

Swimming – relay events[edit]

Each relay event features 16 teams, composed of:

  • 12: the top-12 finishers at the 2015 World Championships in each relay event.[13]
  • 4: the 4 fastest non-qualified teams, based on times in the 15-months preceding the Olympics.[13]

Open-water swimming[edit]

The men's and women's 10 km races at the 2016 Summer Olympics featured 25 swimmers:[14]

  • 10: the top-10 finishers in the 10 km races at the 2015 World Championships
  • 9: the top-9 finishers at the 2016 Olympic Marathon Swim Qualifier (June 11–12, 2016 in Setúbal, Portugal)[15]
  • 5: one representative from each FINA continent (Africa, Americas, Asia, Europe and Oceania). (These have been selected based on the finishes at the qualifying race in Setúbal.)
  • 1: from the host nation (Brazil) if not qualified by other means. If Brazil already contained a qualifier in the race, this spot had been allocated back into the general pool from the 2016 Olympic qualifier race.

Participation[edit]

Participating nations[edit]

Brazil, as the host country, receives guaranteed quota place in case it would not qualify any qualification places.

Medal summary[edit]

Medal table[edit]

  *   Host nation (Brazil)

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 United States168933
2 Australia34310
3 Hungary3227
4 Japan2237
5 Netherlands2002
6 Great Britain1506
7 China1236
8 Canada1146
9 Italy1124
10 Sweden1113
11 Denmark1012
 Spain1012
13 Kazakhstan1001
 Singapore1001
15 South Africa0303
16 Russia0224
17 France0213
18 Belgium0101
 Greece0101
20 Belarus0011
 Brazil*0011
Totals (21 entries)353534104

Men's events[edit]

Games Gold Silver Bronze
50 m freestyle
details
Anthony Ervin
 United States
21.40 Florent Manaudou
 France
21.41 Nathan Adrian
 United States
21.49
100 m freestyle
details
Kyle Chalmers
 Australia
47.58 WJ Pieter Timmers
 Belgium
47.80 NR Nathan Adrian
 United States
47.85
200 m freestyle
details
Sun Yang
 China
1:44.65 Chad le Clos
 South Africa
1:45.20 AF Conor Dwyer
 United States
1:45.23
400 m freestyle
details
Mack Horton
 Australia
3:41.55 Sun Yang
 China
3:41.68 Gabriele Detti
 Italy
3:43.49
1500 m freestyle
details
Gregorio Paltrinieri
 Italy
14:34.57 Connor Jaeger
 United States
14:39.48 AM Gabriele Detti
 Italy
14:40.86
100 m backstroke
details
Ryan Murphy
 United States
51.97 OR Xu Jiayu
 China
52.31 David Plummer
 United States
52.40
200 m backstroke
details
Ryan Murphy
 United States
1:53.62 Mitch Larkin
 Australia
1:53.96 Evgeny Rylov
 Russia
1:53.97 ER
100 m breaststroke
details
Adam Peaty
 Great Britain
57.13 WR Cameron van der Burgh
 South Africa
58.69 Cody Miller
 United States
58.87 AM
200 m breaststroke
details
Dmitriy Balandin
 Kazakhstan
2:07.46 NR Josh Prenot
 United States
2:07.53 Anton Chupkov
 Russia
2:07.70 NR
100 m butterfly
details
Joseph Schooling
 Singapore
50.39 OR, AS Michael Phelps
 United States
Chad le Clos
 South Africa
László Cseh
 Hungary
51.14 Not awarded
as there was a tie for silver.
200 m butterfly
details
Michael Phelps
 United States
1:53.36 Masato Sakai
 Japan
1:53.40 Tamás Kenderesi
 Hungary
1:53.62
200 m individual medley
details
Michael Phelps
 United States
1:54.66 Kosuke Hagino
 Japan
1:56.61 Wang Shun
 China
1:57.05
400 m individual medley
details
Kosuke Hagino
 Japan
4:06.05 AS Chase Kalisz
 United States
4:06.75 Daiya Seto
 Japan
4:09.71
4 × 100 m freestyle relay
details
 United States (USA)
Caeleb Dressel (48.10)
Michael Phelps (47.12)
Ryan Held (47.73)
Nathan Adrian (46.97)
Jimmy Feigen[a]
Blake Pieroni[a]
Anthony Ervin[a]
3:09.92  France (FRA)
Mehdy Metella (48.08)
Fabien Gilot (48.20)
Florent Manaudou (47.14)
Jérémy Stravius (47.11)
Clément Mignon[a]
William Meynard[a]
3:10.53  Australia (AUS)
James Roberts (48.88)
Kyle Chalmers (47.38)
James Magnussen (48.11)
Cameron McEvoy (47.00)
Matthew Abood[a]
3:11.37
4 × 200 m freestyle relay
details
 United States (USA)
Conor Dwyer (1:45.23)
Townley Haas (1:44.14)
Ryan Lochte (1:46.03)
Michael Phelps (1:45.26)
Clark Smith[a]
Jack Conger[a]
Gunnar Bentz[a]
7:00.66  Great Britain (GBR)
Stephen Milne (1:46.97)
Duncan Scott (1:45.05)
Daniel Wallace (1:46.26)
James Guy (1:44.85)
Robbie Renwick[a]
7:03.13 NR  Japan (JPN)
Kosuke Hagino (1:45.34)
Naito Ehara (1:46.11)
Yuki Kobori (1:45.71)
Takeshi Matsuda (1:46.34)
7:03.50
4 × 100 m medley relay
details
 United States (USA)
Ryan Murphy (51.85) WR
Cody Miller (59.03)
Michael Phelps (50.33)
Nathan Adrian (46.74)
David Plummer[a]
Kevin Cordes[a]
Tom Shields[a]
Caeleb Dressel[a]
3:27.95 OR  Great Britain (GBR)
Chris Walker-Hebborn (53.68)
Adam Peaty (56.59)
James Guy (51.35)
Duncan Scott (47.62)
3:29.24 NR  Australia (AUS)
Mitch Larkin (53.19)
Jake Packard (58.84)
David Morgan (51.18)
Kyle Chalmers (46.72)
Cameron McEvoy[a]
3:29.93
10 km open water
details
Ferry Weertman
 Netherlands
1:52:59.8 Spyridon Gianniotis
 Greece
1:53:00.5 Marc-Antoine Olivier
 France
1:53:02.0

AF African Record | AM Americas Record | SA South American Record | AS Asian Record | ER European Record | OC Oceanian Record | OR Olympic Record | WJR World Junior Record | WR World Record
NR National Record (any World Record is necessarily also an Olympic, area, and national record. Area records (for continental regions) are also national records)

a Swimmers who participated in the heats only and received medals.

Women's events[edit]

Games Gold Silver Bronze
50 m freestyle
details
Pernille Blume
 Denmark
24.07 NR Simone Manuel
 United States
24.09 Aliaksandra Herasimenia
 Belarus
24.11 NR
100 m freestyle
details
Penny Oleksiak
 Canada
Simone Manuel
 United States
52.70 OR, WJ, AM
52.70 OR, AM
Not awarded
as there was a tie for gold.
Sarah Sjöström
 Sweden
52.99
200 m freestyle
details
Katie Ledecky
 United States
1:53.73 Sarah Sjöström
 Sweden
1:54.08 NR Emma McKeon
 Australia
1:54.92
400 m freestyle
details
Katie Ledecky
 United States
3:56.46 WR Jazmin Carlin
 Great Britain
4:01.23 Leah Smith
 United States
4:01.92
800 m freestyle
details
Katie Ledecky
 United States
8:04.79 WR Jazmin Carlin
 Great Britain
8:16.17 Boglárka Kapás
 Hungary
8:16.37 NR
100 m backstroke
details
Katinka Hosszú
 Hungary
58.45 NR Kathleen Baker
 United States
58.75 Kylie Masse
 Canada
Fu Yuanhui
 China
58.76 NR
58.76 NR
200 m backstroke
details
Maya DiRado
 United States
2:05.99 Katinka Hosszú
 Hungary
2:06.05 Hilary Caldwell
 Canada
2:07.54
100 m breaststroke
details
Lilly King
 United States
1:04.93 OR Yulia Efimova
 Russia
1:05.50 Katie Meili
 United States
1:05.69
200 m breaststroke
details
Rie Kaneto
 Japan
2:20.30 Yulia Efimova
 Russia
2:21.97 Shi Jinglin
 China
2:22.28
100 m butterfly
details
Sarah Sjöström
 Sweden
55.48 WR Penny Oleksiak
 Canada
56.46 WJ, NR Dana Vollmer
 United States
56.63
200 m butterfly
details
Mireia Belmonte García
 Spain
2.04.85 Madeline Groves
 Australia
2.04.88 Natsumi Hoshi
 Japan
2.05.20
200 m individual medley
details
Katinka Hosszú
 Hungary
2:06.58 OR Siobhan-Marie O'Connor
 Great Britain
2:06.88 NR Maya DiRado
 United States
2:08.79
400 m individual medley
details
Katinka Hosszú
 Hungary
4:26.36 WR Maya DiRado
 United States
4:31.15 Mireia Belmonte García
 Spain
4:32.39
4 × 100 m freestyle relay
details
 Australia (AUS)
Emma McKeon (53.41)
Brittany Elmslie (53.12)
Bronte Campbell (52.15)
Cate Campbell (51.97)
Madison Wilson[b]
3:30.65 WR  United States (USA)
Simone Manuel (53.36)
Abbey Weitzeil (52.56)
Dana Vollmer (53.18)
Katie Ledecky (52.79)
Amanda Weir[b]
Lia Neal[b]
Allison Schmitt[b]
3:31.89 AM  Canada (CAN)
Sandrine Mainville (53.86)
Chantal Van Landeghem (53.12)
Taylor Ruck (53.19)
Penny Oleksiak (52.72)
Michelle Williams[b]
3:32.89 NR
4 × 200 m freestyle relay
details
 United States (USA)
Allison Schmitt (1:56.21)
Leah Smith (1:56.69)
Maya DiRado (1:56.39)
Katie Ledecky (1:53.74)
Missy Franklin[b]
Melanie Margalis[b]
Cierra Runge[b]
7:43.03  Australia (AUS)
Leah Neale (1:57.95)
Emma McKeon (1:54.64)
Bronte Barratt (1:55.81)
Tamsin Cook (1:56.47)
Jessica Ashwood[b]
7:44.87  Canada (CAN)
Katerine Savard (1:57.91)
Taylor Ruck (1:56.18)
Brittany MacLean (1:56.36)
Penny Oleksiak (1:54.94)
Kennedy Goss[b]
Emily Overholt[b]
7:45.39 NR
4 × 100 m medley relay
details
 United States (USA)
Kathleen Baker (59.00)
Lilly King (1:05.70)
Dana Vollmer (56.00)
Simone Manuel (52.43)
Olivia Smoliga[b]
Katie Meili[b]
Kelsi Worrell[b]
Abbey Weitzeil[b]
3:53.13  Australia (AUS)
Emily Seebohm (58.83)
Taylor McKeown (1:07.05)
Emma McKeon (56.95)
Cate Campbell (52.17)
Madison Wilson[b]
Madeline Groves[b]
Brittany Elmslie[b]
3:55.00  Denmark (DEN)
Mie Nielsen (58.75)
Rikke Møller Pedersen (1:06.62)
Jeanette Ottesen (56.43)
Pernille Blume (53.21)
3:55.01 ER
10 km open water
details
Sharon van Rouwendaal
 Netherlands
1:56:32.1 Rachele Bruni
 Italy
1:56:49.5 Poliana Okimoto
 Brazil
1:56:51.4

AF African Record | AM Americas Record | SA South American Record | AS Asian Record | ER European Record | OC Oceanian Record | OR Olympic Record | WJR World Junior Record | WR World Record
NR National Record (any World Record is necessarily also an Olympic, area, and national record. Area records (for continental regions) are also national records)

b Swimmers who participated in the heats only and received medals.

Olympic and world records broken[edit]

Men[edit]

Event Established for Date Round Name Nationality Time Record Day
Men's 100 metre breaststroke (same) 6 August Heats Adam Peaty  Great Britain 57.55 WR 1
Men's 100 metre breaststroke (same) 7 August Final Adam Peaty  Great Britain 57.13 WR 2
Men's 100 metre backstroke (same) 8 August Final Ryan Murphy  United States 51.97 OR 3
Men's 200 metre breaststroke (same) 9 August Semifinal Ippei Watanabe  Japan 2:07.22 OR 4
Men's 100 metre butterfly (same) 12 August Final Joseph Schooling  Singapore 50.39 OR 7
Men's 4 × 100 metre medley relay Men's 100 metre backstroke 13 August Final Ryan Murphy  United States 51.85 r WR 8
Men's 4 × 100 metre medley relay (same) 13 August Final Ryan Murphy (51.85)
Cody Miller (59.03)
Michael Phelps (50.33)
Nathan Adrian (46.74)
 United States 3:27.95 OR 8

Women[edit]

Event Date Round Name Nationality Time Record Day
Women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay 6 August Heats Madison Wilson (54.11)
Brittany Elmslie (53.22)
Bronte Campbell (53.26)
Cate Campbell (51.80)
 Australia 3:32.39 OR 1
Women's 100 metre butterfly 6 August Semifinal Sarah Sjöström  Sweden 55.84 OR 1
Women's 400 metre individual medley 6 August Final Katinka Hosszú  Hungary 4:26.36 WR 1
Women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay 6 August Final Emma McKeon (53.41)
Brittany Elmslie (53.12)
Bronte Campbell (52.15)
Cate Campbell (51.97)
 Australia 3:30.65 WR 1
Women's 400 metre freestyle 7 August Heats Katie Ledecky  United States 3:58.71 OR 2
Women's 100 metre butterfly 7 August Final Sarah Sjöström  Sweden 55.48 WR 2
Women's 400 metre freestyle 7 August Final Katie Ledecky  United States 3:56.46 WR 2
Women's 200 metre individual medley 8 August Heats Katinka Hosszú  Hungary 2:07.45 OR 3
Women's 100 metre breaststroke 8 August Final Lilly King  United States 1:04.93 OR 3
Women's 200 metre individual medley 9 August Final Katinka Hosszú  Hungary 2:06.58 OR 4
Women's 100 metre freestyle 10 August Heats Cate Campbell  Australia 52.78 OR 5
Women's 100 metre freestyle 10 August Semifinals Cate Campbell  Australia 52.71 OR 5
Women's 800 metre freestyle 11 August Heats Katie Ledecky  United States 8.12.86 OR 6
Women's 100 metre freestyle 11 August Final Simone Manuel  United States 52.70 OR 6
Women's 100 metre freestyle 11 August Final Penny Oleksiak  Canada 52.70 OR 6
Women's 800 metre freestyle 12 August Final Katie Ledecky  United States 8.04.79 WR 7

Legend: r – First leg of relay

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Olympedia – Swimming at the 2016 Summer Olympics". www.olympedia.org. Retrieved 17 December 2023.
  2. ^ "Rio 2016: Daily competition schedule" (PDF). Rio 2016 Organization. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 June 2015. Retrieved 26 January 2016.
  3. ^ "Exclusive: Studies find 'super bacteria' in Rio's Olympic venues, top beaches". Reuters. 11 June 2016. The first of the two new studies [...] showed the presence of the microbes at five of Rio's showcase beaches, including the ocean-front Copacabana, where open-water and triathlon swimming will take place.
  4. ^ "Scientists reportedly find super bacteria in several Rio Olympic venues". Fox News. 11 June 2016.
  5. ^ "Rio Olympics: Water quality not an issue in open water 10k race". Newsday. 15 August 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
  6. ^ Baxter, Kevin (15 August 2016). "Marathon swimmers find Rio's water to their taste". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
  7. ^ "Olympics on NBC through 2032". USA Today. Gannett Company. 7 May 2014.
  8. ^ "Fewer Russians Could Be a Windfall for U.S. Olympic Business". The New York Times. 7 December 2017. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  9. ^ Longman, Jeré (12 February 2018). "For Olympic Figure Skaters, a New Meaning to Morning Routine". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 16 February 2018. Retrieved 17 February 2018.
  10. ^ a b "Swimming At The 2016 Olympic Games – The Complete Schedule". SwimSwam. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  11. ^ "FINA By Law 9". FINA. Archived from the original on 18 June 2010. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
  12. ^ a b "FINA Releases 2016 Olympic Qualifying Time Standards". Swimming World Magazine. 16 January 2015. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
  13. ^ a b c d "Rio 2016 – FINA Swimming Qualification System" (PDF). Rio 2016. FINA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 February 2015. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
  14. ^ "Rio 2016 – FINA Marathon Swimming Qualification System" (PDF). Rio 2016. FINA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 October 2015. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
  15. ^ Keith, Braden (7 January 2015). "2016 Olympic Marathon Swim Qualifier returning to Setubal, Portugal". SwimSwam.com. Retrieved 23 January 2015.

External links[edit]