Thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor

TRHR
Identifiers
Aliases	TRHR, TRH-R, thyrotropin releasing hormone receptor, CHNG7
External IDs	OMIM: 188545 MGI: 98824 HomoloGene: 20707 GeneCards: TRHR
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 8 (human)
End	109,121,565 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 15 (mouse)
End	44,099,308 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	Achilles tendon; ; pituitary gland; ; anterior pituitary; ; ventricle; ; atrium; ; left ventricle; ; hippocampal formation; ; thyroid gland; ; left lobe of thyroid gland; ; hippocampus proper;
	Top expressed in
	facial motor nucleus; ; anterior horn of spinal cord; ; motor neuron; ; ventral tegmental area; ; urethra; ; nucleus accumbens; ; subiculum; ; substantia nigra; ; dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus; ; paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	G protein-coupled receptor activity; signal transducer activity; thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity;
Cellular component	integral component of membrane; plasma membrane; integral component of plasma membrane; membrane;
Biological process	signal transduction; G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	7201
	22045
	ENSG00000174417
	ENSMUSG00000038760
	P34981
	P21761
	NM_003301
	NM_013696
	NP_003292
	NP_038724
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor (TRHR) is a G protein-coupled receptor which binds thyrotropin-releasing hormone.^[5]^[6]

The TRHR is found on the cell membrane of thyrotropes of the anterior pituitary. When the TRHR is activated it associates with a G_αq/11 protein. The TRHR-G protein complex then activates phospholipase C, which causes the formation of inositol triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). This leads to an increase in cytoplasmic calcium ion concentrations which stimulates the exocytosis of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) into the blood.

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000174417 - Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000038760 - Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Yamada M, Monden T, Konaka S, Mori M (November 1993). "Assignment of human thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) receptor gene to chromosome 8". Somatic Cell and Molecular Genetics. 19 (6): 577–80. doi:10.1007/BF01233384. PMID 8128317. S2CID 44982871.
^ Gershengorn MC (1993). "Thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor: Cloning and regulation of its expression". Vol. 48. pp. 341–63. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-571148-7.50016-6. ISBN 9780125711487. PMID 8382829. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)

Further reading[edit]

Yamada M, Iwasaki T, Satoh T, Monden T, Konaka S, Murakami M, Iriuchijima T, Mori M (August 1995). "Activation of the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) receptor by a direct precursor of TRH, TRH-Gly". Neuroscience Letters. 196 (1–2): 109–12. doi:10.1016/0304-3940(95)11861-P. PMID 7501234. S2CID 45874879.
Hinuma S, Hosoya M, Ogi K, Tanaka H, Nagai Y, Onda H (October 1994). "Molecular cloning and functional expression of a human thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) receptor gene". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression. 1219 (2): 251–9. doi:10.1016/0167-4781(94)90046-9. PMID 7918619.
Morrison N, Duthie SM, Boyd E, Eidne KA, Connor JM (June 1994). "Assignment of the gene encoding the human thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor to 8q23 by fluorescence in situ hybridization". Human Genetics. 93 (6): 716–8. doi:10.1007/bf00201580. PMID 8005602. S2CID 804377.
Yamada M, Monden T, Konaka S, Mori M (November 1993). "Assignment of human thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) receptor gene to chromosome 8". Somatic Cell and Molecular Genetics. 19 (6): 577–80. doi:10.1007/BF01233384. PMID 8128317. S2CID 44982871.
Duthie SM, Taylor PL, Anderson L, Cook J, Eidne KA (September 1993). "Cloning and functional characterisation of the human TRH receptor". Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 95 (1–2): R11-5. doi:10.1016/0303-7207(93)90043-J. PMID 8243797. S2CID 21150474.
Matre V, Karlsen HE, Wright MS, Lundell I, Fjeldheim AK, Gabrielsen OS, Larhammar D, Gautvik KM (August 1993). "Molecular cloning of a functional human thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 195 (1): 179–85. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1993.2027. PMID 8395824.
Yamada M, Monden T, Satoh T, Satoh N, Murakami M, Iriuchijima T, Kakegawa T, Mori M (September 1993). "Pituitary adenomas of patients with acromegaly express thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor messenger RNA: cloning and functional expression of the human thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 195 (2): 737–45. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1993.2107. PMID 8396925.
Iwasaki T, Yamada M, Satoh T, Konaka S, Ren Y, Hashimoto K, Kohga H, Kato Y, Mori M (September 1996). "Genomic organization and promoter function of the human thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (36): 22183–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.36.22183. PMID 8703031.
Cook JV, McGregor A, Lee T, Milligan G, Eidne KA (July 1996). "A disulfide bonding interaction role for cysteines in the extracellular domain of the thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor". Endocrinology. 137 (7): 2851–8. doi:10.1210/endo.137.7.8770906. PMID 8770906.
Collu R, Tang J, Castagné J, Lagacé G, Masson N, Huot C, Deal C, Delvin E, Faccenda E, Eidne KA, Van Vliet G (May 1997). "A novel mechanism for isolated central hypothyroidism: inactivating mutations in the thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 82 (5): 1561–5. doi:10.1210/jcem.82.5.3918. PMID 9141550. S2CID 18861350.
Petrou C, Tashjian AH (September 1998). "The thyrotropin-releasing hormone-receptor complex and G11alpha are both internalised into clathrin-coated vesicles". Cellular Signalling. 10 (8): 553–9. doi:10.1016/S0898-6568(97)00190-3. PMID 9794253.
Matre V, Høvring PI, Orstavik S, Frengen E, Rian E, Velickovic Z, Murray-McIntosh RP, Gautvik KM (January 1999). "Structural and functional organization of the gene encoding the human thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor". Journal of Neurochemistry. 72 (1): 40–50. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0720040.x. PMID 9886052. S2CID 6665620.
Kroeger KM, Hanyaloglu AC, Seeber RM, Miles LE, Eidne KA (April 2001). "Constitutive and agonist-dependent homo-oligomerization of the thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor. Detection in living cells using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (16): 12736–43. doi:10.1074/jbc.M011311200. PMID 11278883.
Zhu CC, Cook LB, Hinkle PM (August 2002). "Dimerization and phosphorylation of thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptors are modulated by agonist stimulation". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (31): 28228–37. doi:10.1074/jbc.M204221200. PMID 12023974.
Hanyaloglu AC, Seeber RM, Kohout TA, Lefkowitz RJ, Eidne KA (December 2002). "Homo- and hetero-oligomerization of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) receptor subtypes. Differential regulation of beta-arrestins 1 and 2". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (52): 50422–30. doi:10.1074/jbc.M209340200. PMID 12393857.
Cook LB, Zhu CC, Hinkle PM (September 2003). "Thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor processing: role of ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation". Molecular Endocrinology. 17 (9): 1777–91. doi:10.1210/me.2003-0073. PMID 12805411.
Igarashi-Migitaka J, Yamada S, Hara M, Sano T, Ozawa Y, Ohtani-Kaneko R, Hirata K (August 2003). "Gene expression study of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) receptor using RT-PCR: relationship to clinical and immunohistochemical phenotypes in a series of human pituitary adenomas". Endocrine Journal. 50 (4): 459–67. doi:10.1507/endocrj.50.459. PMID 14599121.
Cook LB, Hinkle PM (July 2004). "Fate of internalized thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptors monitored with a timer fusion protein". Endocrinology. 145 (7): 3095–100. doi:10.1210/en.2004-0304. PMID 15117874.

External links[edit]

"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptors". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. Archived from the original on 2012-09-08. Retrieved 2007-10-25.
Receptors,+Thyrotropin-Releasing+Hormone at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000174417 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000038760 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid8128317-5] Yamada M, Monden T, Konaka S, Mori M (November 1993). "Assignment of human thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) receptor gene to chromosome 8". Somatic Cell and Molecular Genetics. 19 (6): 577–80. doi:10.1007/BF01233384. PMID 8128317. S2CID 44982871.

[pmid8382829-6] Gershengorn MC (1993). "Thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor: Cloning and regulation of its expression". Vol. 48. pp. 341–63. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-571148-7.50016-6. ISBN 9780125711487. PMID 8382829. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)

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