Xianbei
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The Xianbei (simplified Chinese: 鲜卑; traditional Chinese: 鮮卑; pinyin: Xiānbēi; Wade-Giles: Hsien-pei) were a significant nomadic people residing in Manchuria and eastern Mongolia, or Xianbei Shan. They were descendants of Donghu (Eastern Hu) before migrating into areas of the modern Chinese provinces of Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, and Liaoning. Possibly some tribes of these people also lived in ancient Eastern Heilongjiang or Hulun Manchu Imperial province,[1] currently Khabarovsk and Amur regions in the Russian Far East.
The Xianbei people consisted of a federation of sizeable non-Han groups of which the most important was the Tuoba (拓跋). During the Han Dynasty, they occupied the steppes in Mongolia, Hebei and Liaodong.
After the downfall of the Xiongnu, the Xianbei set up the nomadic Xianbei state.
After the fall of the Han dynasty, the Xianbei formed a number of empires of their own, including the Yan Dynasty, Western Qin, Southern Liang and most significantly, the Northern Wei (see Sixteen Kingdoms). By the time of the Tang dynasty they had largely merged with Han populace by adopting its customs, administration and language.
The Xibe people believed themselves to be descendants of the Xianbei.
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[edit] See also
- Change of Xianbei names to Han names
- Xianbei state
- Tribes in Chinese history
- Wu Hu
- Sixteen Kingdoms
- Wuhuan
- Northern Wei Dynasty
- Chinese sovereign
- Bu Dugen
[edit] Notes
- ^ 鮮卑石室（嘎仙洞）祝詞Xianbei cave(Chinese Traditional Big5 code page) via Internet Archive
[edit] References
[edit] External links
- 鮮卑語言The Xianbei language(Chinese Traditional Big5 code page) via Internet Archive
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