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34th Street–Penn Station (IND Eighth Avenue Line)

Coordinates: 40°45′08″N 73°59′37″W / 40.752166°N 73.993521°W / 40.752166; -73.993521
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Not to be confused with 34th Street–Penn Station (IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line).

 34 Street–Penn Station
 "A" train​"C" train​"E" train
New York City Subway station (rapid transit)
Express platform
Station statistics
AddressWest 34th Street & Eighth Avenue
New York, New York
BoroughManhattan
LocaleMidtown Manhattan
Coordinates40°45′08″N 73°59′37″W / 40.752166°N 73.993521°W / 40.752166; -73.993521
DivisionB (IND)[1]
Line   IND Eighth Avenue Line
Services   A all times (all times)
​   C all except late nights (all except late nights)
​   E all times (all times)
Transit
StructureUnderground
Platforms2 side platforms (local)
1 island platform (express)
Tracks4
Other information
OpenedSeptember 10, 1932; 92 years ago (1932-09-10)[2]
AccessibleThis station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 ADA-accessible
Opposite-
direction
transfer		Yes
Traffic
202316,974,543[3] Increase 18.5%
Rank6 out of 423[3]
Services
Preceding station New York City Subway New York City Subway Following station
42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal
A all times ​C all except late nights ​E all times
services split
Express 		14th Street
A all times ​C all except late nights
toward Far Rockaway–Mott Avenue or Ozone Park–Lefferts Boulevard

Local 		23rd Street
A late nights ​C all except late nights ​E all times
via Canal Street
Location
34th Street–Penn Station (IND Eighth Avenue Line) is located in New York City Subway
34th Street–Penn Station (IND Eighth Avenue Line)
34th Street–Penn Station (IND Eighth Avenue Line) is located in New York City
34th Street–Penn Station (IND Eighth Avenue Line)
34th Street–Penn Station (IND Eighth Avenue Line) is located in New York
34th Street–Penn Station (IND Eighth Avenue Line)
Track layout

Legend
to 42nd St–PABT upper level
Former trackway from
42nd St–PABT lower level
to 23rd Street
to 14th Street
Street map

Map

Station service legend
Symbol Description
Stops all times except late nights Stops all times except late nights
Stops all times Stops all times
Stops late nights only Stops late nights only

34th Street–Penn Station is an express station on the IND Eighth Avenue Line of the New York City Subway, located at the intersection of 34th Street and Eighth Avenue in Midtown Manhattan. It is served by the A and E trains at all times, and by the C train at all times except late nights. The station is adjacent to Pennsylvania Station, the busiest railroad station in the United States as well as a major transfer point to Amtrak, NJ Transit, and the Long Island Rail Road.

History

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Construction and opening

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New York City mayor John Francis Hylan's original plans for the Independent Subway System (IND), proposed in 1922, included building over 100 miles (160 km) of new lines and taking over nearly 100 miles (160 km) of existing lines. The lines were designed to compete with the existing underground, surface, and elevated lines operated by the IRT and Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation (BMT).[4][5] On December 9, 1924, the New York City Board of Transportation (BOT) gave preliminary approval to the construction of a subway line along Eighth Avenue, running from 207th Street.[6] The BOT announced a list of stations on the new line in February 1928, with an express station at 33rd Street.[7]

Most of the Eighth Avenue Line was dug using a cheap cut-and-cover method, including 34th Street–Penn Station.[8][9] During the station's construction, workers found remnants of an old stream that had originated at Herald Square and flowed through the area.[9][10] The stream was diverted into a sewer, and concrete waterproofing was installed below the 34th Street station's mezzanine.[10] In addition, the subway line had to pass above the tracks of Penn Station.[9] The finishes at the four stations between 14th and 42nd Street were 21 percent completed by May 1930.[11] By that August, the BOT reported that the Eighth Avenue Line was nearly completed and that the four stations from 14th to 42nd Street were 99.8 percent completed.[12] The entire line was completed by September 1931, except for the installation of turnstiles.[13]

A preview event for the new subway was hosted on September 8, 1932, two days before the official opening.[14][15] The Eighth Avenue Line station opened on September 10, 1932, as part of the city-operated IND's initial segment, the Eighth Avenue Line between Chambers Street and 207th Street.[2][16][17] The construction of the Eighth Avenue Line caused real-estate values along Eighth Avenue to increase by as much as 400 percent.[18][19]

Later years

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The station's token booths were shuttered in May 2005, after fare tokens were replaced with MetroCards; station agents were deployed elsewhere in the station to answer passengers' queries. This was part of a pilot program that was tested at seven other stations.[20]

Under the 2015–2019 MTA Capital Plan, the station, along with thirty-two other New York City Subway stations, underwent a complete overhaul as part of the Enhanced Station Initiative. Updates included cellular service, Wi-Fi, charging stations, improved signage, and improved station lighting. Unlike other stations that were renovated under the initiative, 34th Street–Penn Station was not completely closed during construction.[21] In January 2018, the NYCT and Bus Committee recommended that Judlau Contracting receive the $125 million contract for the renovations of 57th and 23rd Streets on the IND Sixth Avenue Line; 28th Street on the IRT Lexington Avenue Line, and 34th Street–Penn Station on the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line and IND Eighth Avenue Line.[22] However, the MTA Board temporarily deferred the vote for these packages after city representatives refused to vote to award the contracts.[23][24] The contract was put back for a vote in February, where it was ultimately approved.[25] These improvements were substantially completed by May 2019.[26]

Station layout

[edit]
G Street level Entrances/exits
Disabled access
Elevators at:
  • South side of 34th Street west of Seventh Avenue at LIRR entrance
  • Southeast corner of 34th Street and Eighth Avenue
B1
Platform level
Side platform Disabled access
Northbound local ← "C" train toward 168th Street (42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal)
← "E" train toward Jamaica Center–Parsons/Archer (42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal)
← "A" train toward Inwood–207th Street late nights (42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal)
Northbound express ← "A" train toward Inwood–207th Street (42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal)
Island platform Disabled access
Southbound express → "A" train toward Far Rockaway–Mott Avenue, Ozone Park–Lefferts Boulevard
or Rockaway Park–Beach 116th Street (14th Street) →
Southbound local → "C" train toward Euclid Avenue (23rd Street) →
→ "E" train toward World Trade Center (23rd Street) →
→ "A" train toward Far Rockaway–Mott Avenue late nights (23rd Street) →
Side platform Disabled access
B2 Mezzanine Connector between platforms, connection to Penn Station

There are four tracks, two side platforms, and one island platform. Atlantic Avenue–Barclays Center on the IRT Eastern Parkway Line and 34th Street–Penn Station on the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line are the only other stations in the system with this configuration.[27] There is no free transfer between this station and the station of the same name on the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line, despite the fact that both connect to Penn Station. The nearest transfer location is at 42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal with a free transfer to Times Square–42nd Street.

South of the station, an additional track begins at a bumper block between the two express tracks with a connection to both at both ends (about 25th Street on the south end and 33rd Street on the north end). This allows for various extra movements of trains including storage or removal of a train with mechanical problems to be sent back in the other direction. It could also be used if 34th Street functioned as a terminal station.[28]

The walls of the station contain red-tile bands bordered in black; since 34th Street is an express station, it has a wider tile band than local stations. The tile colors are intended to help riders identify their station more easily, part of a color-coded tile system for the entire Independent Subway System.[29] The tile colors were designed to facilitate navigation for travelers going away from Lower Manhattan; on the Eighth Avenue Line, the tiles change color at the next express station to the north. Because the next station to the north, 42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal, is an express station, the adjacent stations to the north and south both used different tile colors.[30][31]

The stations on the Eighth Avenue Line were built with 600 feet (180 m) long platforms, but there were provisions to lengthen them to 660 feet (200 m) to accommodate eleven-car trains.[32]: 70  Below the red band are small tile captions reading "34" in stretched Arial font, though these are not original to the station. Originally, the station had no trim line and the tile captions were in the standard IND caption font. The original mosaic name tablets, however, are still visible, being surrounded by new black tiles; the mosaics read "34TH STREET PENN. STATION" broken onto two lines on a claret background and same claret border. Red I-beam columns run along all the platforms at regular intervals, alternating ones having the standard black station name plate with white lettering.

Like other subway stations, 34th Street–Penn Station includes black-and-white "sighting boards" for conductors to point and call, thereby indicating to the motorman that the train has stopped at the right position. On the downtown express platform, there is a blue-and-white sighting board for the R110B, a now-retired prototype New Technology Train whose conductor's cab was not aligned with any other fleet's conductors' cabs. This board is still extant and is one of a few publicly visible remnants of the R110B's operation.[citation needed]

33rd St to 34th St subway cross-section
11th Av 10th & 9th Avs
are skipped
 Farley Building &
Moynihan Train Hall 		8th Av Madison Square
Garden 		7th Av Storefronts 6th Av &
Broadway 		5th & Madison Avs
are skipped 		Park Av
mezzanine train hall A / C / E concourse 1 / 2 / 3 Former Gimbel's
passageway 		mezz PATH 6 / <6>
mezzanine conc mezzanine concourse mezzanine N / Q / R / W
7 / <7> Penn Station (platform level) B/D/F/<F>/M
This box:


Exits

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34th Street–Penn Station spans three streets (33rd, 34th, and 35th Streets) with a set of entrances/exits at all of these streets. For the purposes of this article, entrance and exit are interchangeable.[33] When the station opened, it contained 17 entrances and exits, more than almost any other station on the Eighth Avenue Line except for Chambers Street/Hudson Terminal.[15]

At 35th Street is a part-time booth entrance. Each local platform has its own fare control. On the local platforms, there are High Entry-Exit Turnstiles for these exits at platform level. There is a narrow underpass connecting the platforms inside fare control. The northbound platform has two street stairs to the northeast corner of 35th Street and Eighth Avenue, and one to the southeast corner. The southbound platform has two street stairs to the northwest corner of 35th Street and Eighth Avenue, and one to the southwest corner.[33]

At 34th Street is a part-time booth entrance. Each local platform has its own fare control. There is an underpass connecting the platforms inside fare control, and it leads to the LIRR West Side Concourse outside of fare control. There is also a passageway providing out-of-system access to the station of the same name on the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line. The northbound platform has one street stair to each eastern corner of 34th Street and Eighth Avenue. The southbound platform has one street stair to each western corner of 34th Street and Eighth Avenue. There is a single elevator to the northbound platform at the southeastern corner of the intersection, connecting to that platform's fare control. Inside fare control, three elevators from each platform go down to the underpass.[33] There was a tunnel linking to the New Yorker Hotel at the northwest corner of the intersection, which opened in 1930[34] and was closed by the 1960s;[35] it later became a storage area.[36]

At 33rd Street is the full-time entrance, with token booths on both sides; the full-time booth is on the northbound platform. All three platforms have their own fare control. The underpass connecting the platforms is outside fare control. The northbound local platform's fare control leads to a street stair to the northeast corner of 33rd Street and Eighth Avenue, as well as a direct passageway to the basement of Penn Station/Madison Square Garden. The southbound local platform's fare control leads to a street stair to the northwest corner of 33rd Street and Eighth Avenue, as well as a double-wide granite staircase at the southwest corner (in a plaza outside the James A. Farley Post Office Building).[33] A passageway connects the Eighth Avenue Line station with the Moynihan Train Hall, which opened in 2021.[37]

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  • Entrance outside Moynihan Train Hall
    Entrance outside Moynihan Train Hall
  • Detail of "The Garden of Circus Delights" mosaic beneath the platforms
    Detail of "The Garden of Circus Delights" mosaic beneath the platforms

References

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  1. ^ "Glossary". Second Avenue Subway Supplemental Draft Environmental Impact Statement (SDEIS) (PDF). Vol. 1. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. March 4, 2003. pp. 1–2. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 26, 2021. Retrieved January 1, 2021.
  2. ^ a b "List of the 28 Stations on the New 8th Av. Line". The New York Times. September 10, 1932. p. 6. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
  3. ^ a b "Annual Subway Ridership (2018–2023)". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2023. Retrieved April 20, 2024.
  4. ^ "Two Subway Routes Adopted by City". The New York Times. August 4, 1923. p. 9. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 1, 2019.
  5. ^ "Plans Now Ready to Start Subways". The New York Times. March 12, 1924. p. 1. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 1, 2019.
  6. ^ "Hylan Subway Plan Links Four Boroughs at $450,000,000 Cost". The New York Times. December 10, 1924. p. 1. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on June 14, 2018. Retrieved June 29, 2018.
  7. ^ "Express and Local Stations For New Eighth Avenue Line". New York Herald Tribune. February 5, 1928. p. B1. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1113431477.
  8. ^ Warner, Arthur (November 22, 1931). "The City's New Underground Province; The Eighth Avenue Subway Will Be Not Only a Transit Line but a Centre for the Shopper A New Underground Province of New York The Eighth Avenue Subway Will Be a Rapid Transit Line With Innovations and Will Provide Centres for the Shoppers". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 3, 2018. Retrieved May 2, 2018.
  9. ^ a b c Daly, William Jerome (February 5, 1928). "New Subway Work Far Advanced, From the Circle to 207th Street: Small Section Near St. Nicholas Avenue and 148th Street Being Constructed". New York Herald Tribune. p. B1. ProQuest 1113431484.
  10. ^ a b "Ancient Watercourses Flood New Subway; Eighth Av. Streams Diverted; Work Goes On". The New York Times. March 13, 1927. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 2, 2022.
  11. ^ "Progress is Rapid on 8th Av. Subway; Board's Engineers Report Spurt in Building Is Likely to Open the Line in July, 1930". The New York Times. May 26, 1930. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 29, 2023.
  12. ^ "Eighth Av. Subway Nearly Completed; Basic Construction Work From Chambers to 207th St. Done Except on Few Short Stretches". The New York Times. August 24, 1930. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 15, 2023.
  13. ^ O'Brien, John C. (September 9, 1931). "8th Ave. Line Being Rushed For Use Jan. 1: Turnstile Installation on Subway Begins Monday; Other Equipment Ready for Start of Train Service City Has Yet to Find Operating Company Transit Official on Trip, 207th to Canal Street, Inspects Finished Tube". New York Herald Tribune. p. 1. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1331181357.
  14. ^ "Sightseers Invade New Subway When Barricade Is lifted". The New York Times. September 9, 1932. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 1, 2022. Retrieved July 1, 2022.
  15. ^ a b "8th Av. Subway Gets First 5c. by Woman's Error: She Peers Into a Station, Hears Train, Pays for Ride, but Is Day Too Early Preparing for Tomorrow's Rush on 8th Ave. Subway". New York Herald Tribune. September 9, 1932. p. 1. ProQuest 1125436641.
  16. ^ Crowell, Paul (September 10, 1932). "Gay Midnight Crowd Rides First Trains In The New Subway: Throngs at Station an Hour Before Time, Rush Turnstiles When Chains are Dropped" (PDF). The New York Times. Retrieved November 8, 2015.
  17. ^ Sebring, Lewis B. (September 10, 1932). "Midnight Jam Opens City's New Subway: Turnstiles Click Into Action at 12:01 A. M. as Throngs Battle for Places in 'First' Trains Boy, 7, Leads Rush At 42d St. Station City at Last Hails 8th Ave. Line After 7-Year Wait; Cars Bigger, Clean Transit Commissioner Officially Opening New Subway at Midnight". New York Herald Tribune. p. 1. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1114839882.
  18. ^ "Eighth Avenue Site Enhanced 400 Per Cent: Parcel Offered for $2,000 a Front Foot Seven Years Ago Now Worth $10,000 Great Changes Predicted Subway Under Construction Han Opened New Future". New York Herald Tribune. July 29, 1928. p. D2. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1113474993.
  19. ^ "Eighth Av. Gradually Emerging From Its Chaotic Condition; New Pavement Likely to Be Finished by End of Year—Building Has Continued Active in Midtown Section Despite Upheaval Due to New Subway Construction. New Building Work. Sidewalk Paving. Big Advance in Values. Subway Work Progress". The New York Times. August 26, 1928. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 29, 2023.
  20. ^ Chan, Sewell (May 3, 2005). "Eight Subway Stations to Deploy Agents to Assist Passengers". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 29, 2015. Retrieved August 19, 2016.
  21. ^ "Enhanced Station Initiative: CCM Pre-Proposal Conference" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. October 25, 2016. p. 8 (PDF page 15). Retrieved August 11, 2017.
  22. ^ "NYCT/Bus Committee Meeting" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. January 22, 2018. p. 135. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 27, 2018. Retrieved January 19, 2018.
  23. ^ Barone, Vincent (January 24, 2018). "Controversial cosmetic subway improvement plan falters". am New York. Retrieved January 25, 2018.
  24. ^ Siff, Andrew (January 24, 2018). "MTA Shelves Plan to Modernize Subway Stations Amid Criticism". NBC New York. Retrieved January 25, 2018.
  25. ^ "Foes Hit Gov's Station Fix Plan". NY Daily News. February 13, 2018. Retrieved February 23, 2018.
  26. ^ "NYCT/Bus Committee Meeting" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. May 20, 2019. p. 168. Retrieved May 19, 2019.
  27. ^ Williams, Keith (August 16, 2018). "Weird Subway Quirks, Addressed". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 3, 2023.
  28. ^ Marrero, Robert (January 1, 2017). "472 Stations, 850 Miles" (PDF). B24 Blog, via Dropbox. Retrieved April 27, 2018.
  29. ^ "Tile Colors a Guide in the New Subway; Decoration Scheme Changes at Each Express Stop to Tell Riders Where They Are". The New York Times. August 22, 1932. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 1, 2022. Retrieved July 1, 2022.
  30. ^ Carlson, Jen (February 18, 2016). "Map: These Color Tiles In The Subway System Used To Mean Something". Gothamist. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
  31. ^ Gleason, Will (February 18, 2016). "The hidden meaning behind the New York subway's colored tiles". Time Out New York. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
  32. ^ Transit Journal. McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, Incorporated. 1932. Archived from the original on June 20, 2022. Retrieved June 20, 2022.
  33. ^ a b c d "MTA Neighborhood Maps: Pennsylvania Station / Times Square" (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2015. Retrieved December 11, 2015.
  34. ^ "Hotel New Yorker Tunnel To Penn. Station Opened". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 40, no. 37. February 21, 1930. p. 19. ProQuest 1676761821.
  35. ^ Young, Michelle (September 13, 2016). "The Top 10 Secrets of the New Yorker Hotel". Untapped New York. Retrieved November 28, 2022.
  36. ^ Boland, Ed Jr. (May 26, 2002). "F.Y.I." The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved November 30, 2022.
  37. ^ "NYC's Moynihan Train Hall is about to transform travel". BostonGlobe.com. December 28, 2020. Retrieved December 2, 2022.
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