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Bazalgette Mausoleum

Coordinates: 51°25′43″N 0°12′37″W / 51.42868°N 0.21021°W / 51.42868; -0.21021
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Sir Joseph Bazalgette's Mausoleum, St Mary's Church, Wimbledon

The Sir Joseph Bazalgette Mausoleum is a Grade II listed structure currently on Historic England’s Heritage-at-Risk Register.[1] It stands in the grounds of St Mary's Church, Wimbledon, in the London Borough of Merton.[2] The mausoleum is the final resting place of the noted Victorian engineer Sir Joseph Bazalgette and many members of his family.

It was built circa 1804 for John Anthony Rucker, a local merchant trader, businessman and slave-owner based at West Hill House, East Putney.[3] Bazalgette acquired the mausoleum for his family towards the end of the 19th century as the churchyard was full.[4]

Architecture

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The mausoleum in neo-classical style made of Portland stone.[5] It consists of a rusticated base with decorated archway to the vault which has space for nine coffins. An obelisk sits atop the base, stating the names of the Bazalgette family interred there.[6] It is believed the obelisk was an addition by Sir Joseph Bazalgette.[7]

The mausoleum was built by Jesse Gibson, a architect based in Hackney, for John Anthony Rucker who died in 1804.[8] Gibson was based in the City of London and is known for having rebuilt the now demolished St Peter le Poer in Broad Street,[9] Vintner’s Company almshouses on Mile End Road and Saddlers Hall in Cheapside.[10][11] Gibson also built West Hill House, in East Putney, for John Anthony Rucker (now the Royal Hospital for Neuro-Disability).[12][13]

Sir Joseph Bazalgette

Sir Joseph Bazalgette

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Sir Joseph Bazalgette (1819-1891) was an eminent engineer, known for large infrastructural improvement that improved the sanitation of Victorian London.[14] As the Chief Engineer for the Metropolitan Board of Works from 1856, Bazalgette was responsible for resolving the ‘Great Stink’ of 1858.[15] His sewerage system helped to rid London of pollution and waterborne diseases such as cholera and typhoid.[16] Crossness and Abbey Mills Pumping Stations were created as part of these designs.

Bazalgette created several bridges across the Thames, and designed the Victoria, Albert and Chelsea embankments. A memorial to Bazalgette by George Blackall Simonds is located on the Victoria Embankment, by the Hungerford Bridge.[17]

Sir Joseph Bazalgette died on 15 March 1891.[18] He is interred in the mausoleum alongside his wife Maria and five of their children.

John Anthony Rucker

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Joseph Anthony Rucker was a merchant originally from Hamburg.[19] He bought property in South London including the West Hill estate and the Wandle Villa in the late eighteenth century.[20] He owned slave estates in Grenada, Curacao and St Vincent, and was a witness for the 1789-90 Committee on the Slave Trade.[21] Rucker’s estates and property were inherited by his nephew, Daniel Henry Rucker.[22]

When Sir Joseph Bazalgette bought the mausoleum for his family towards the end of the 19th century, the tomb had been unattended for 84 years.[23]

Heritage

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The mausoleum has been placed on Historic England’s Heritage-at-Risk Register due to internal collapse due to water ingress.[24] The iron gates in front of the steps leading down to the vault are also missing.

As of 2023, Habitats & Heritage, a south-west London based charity, are currently working with the church to restore the mausoleum.[25]

References

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  1. ^ "Mausoleum of Sir Joseph William Bazalgette, St Mary's Churchyard, St Mary's Road, Wimbledon SW19 - Merton | Historic England". historicengland.org.uk. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
  2. ^ "HIstory". St Mary's church. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
  3. ^ "Summary of Individual | Legacies of British Slavery". www.ucl.ac.uk. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
  4. ^ "The Sir Joseph Bazalgette Mausoleum". Habitats & Heritage. 2022-10-07. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
  5. ^ "Sir Joseph Bazalgette's Mausoleum". victorianweb.org. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
  6. ^ "MAUSOLEUM OF SIR JOSEPH WILLIAM BAZALGETTE 20 YARDS TO NORTH EAST OF CHANCEL OF ST MARYS CHURCH, Non Civil Parish - 1080887 | Historic England". historicengland.org.uk. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
  7. ^ "The Sir Joseph Bazalgette Mausoleum". Habitats & Heritage. 2022-10-07. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
  8. ^ "Sir Joseph Bazalgette - Mausoleum". Habitats & Heritage. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
  9. ^ Friedman, Terry (2000). "The Church of St. Peter-Le-Poer Reconsidered". Architectural History. 43: 162–171. doi:10.2307/1568691. ISSN 0066-622X. JSTOR 1568691. S2CID 192363141.
  10. ^ "Jesse Gibson". Oxford Reference. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
  11. ^ "Theatres". The News (London). 10 March 1822. p. 77. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
  12. ^ Prosser, George Frederick (1828). Select illustrations of the county of Surrey. London: C. and J. Rivington. p. 226.
  13. ^ "The Sir Joseph Bazalgette Mausoleum". Habitats & Heritage. 2022-10-07. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
  14. ^ "Sir Joseph Bazalgette". Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE). 2023-09-21. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
  15. ^ "BBC - History - Joseph Bazalgette". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
  16. ^ Halliday, Stephen (2009). The Great Stink of London: Sir Joseph Bazalgette and the cleansing of the Victorian Metropolis (7th ed.). Stroud: The History Press.
  17. ^ "Sir Joseph Bazalgette". London Remembers. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
  18. ^ "BBC - History - Joseph Bazalgette". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
  19. ^ WEST HILL ESTATE.
  20. ^ "MNA129721 | National Trust Heritage Records". heritagerecords.nationaltrust.org.uk. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
  21. ^ "Summary of Individual | Legacies of British Slavery". www.ucl.ac.uk. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
  22. ^ Prosser, George Frederick (1828). Select illustrations of the county of Surrey. London: C. and J. Rivington. p. 226.
  23. ^ "The Sir Joseph Bazalgette Mausoleum". Habitats & Heritage. 2022-10-07. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
  24. ^ "Mausoleum of Sir Joseph William Bazalgette, St Mary's Churchyard, St Mary's Road, Wimbledon SW19 - Merton | Historic England". historicengland.org.uk. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
  25. ^ "Sir Joseph Bazalgette - Mausoleum". Habitats & Heritage. Retrieved 2023-03-09.

51°25′43″N 0°12′37″W / 51.42868°N 0.21021°W / 51.42868; -0.21021