File:Approximate extension of Alodia based on accounts of Ibn Hawqal.png

Page contents not supported in other languages.
This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Original file ‎(813 × 590 pixels, file size: 106 KB, MIME type: image/png)

Summary

Description
English: Initially based on map IX from the book "The Kingdom of Alwa" (see the first four versions of the map to see the faithful copy).[1] The original map had several problems, so I decided to modify it. 1) Zarroug had Alodia extend as far west as Darfur. However, there is still virtually no archaeological evidence supporting this assumption.[2] 2) The exact nothern border is still desputed; it is generally placed between Abu Hamad and the confluence of the Nile and the Atbara.[3] 3) Zarroug shows all regions west of the Nile as part of Alodia. However, the traveller Ibn Hawqal explicitly stated that parts of the region west of the White Nile were part of Makuria. The Nuba mountains were probably part of Alodia, hence I included stripes and a question mark for the area between the confluence of the two Niles and the Nuba mountains.[4] 4) There is little evidence that the Bayuda desert (between ed Debba and Omdurman) was part of either Makuria or Alodia.[5]
  1. ↑ Mohi el-Din Abdalla Zarroug (1991): "The Kingdom of Alwa". Calgary.
  2. ↑ David Edwards (2004): "The Nubian Past. An Archaeology of the Sudan". Routledge. p. 254
  3. ↑ Derek Welsby (2014): "The Kingdom of Alwa" in "The Fourth Cataract and Beyond". Peeters.
  4. ↑ Jay Spaulding (1998): "Early Kordofan" in "Kordofan Invaded: Peripheral Incorporation in Islamic Africa". Brill. p. 49
  5. ↑ Tim Karberg, Angelika Lohwasser (2018): "The Wadi Abu Dom Itinerary (W.A.D.I.) Survey Project" in "Bayuda Studies. Proceedings of the First International Conference on the Archaeology of the Bayuda Desert in Sudan". Harrassowitz.
Date
Source Own work
Author LeGabrie

Licensing

I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license:
w:en:Creative Commons
attribution share alike
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license.
You are free:
  • to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work
  • to remix – to adapt the work
Under the following conditions:
  • attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
  • share alike – If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same or compatible license as the original.

Captions

Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents

Items portrayed in this file

depicts

inception

4 May 2015

MIME type

image/png

checksum

00988e5c158e322925fe5ab2a2df5a8f35673b93

determination method: SHA-1

data size

108,990 byte

height

590 pixel

width

813 pixel

File history

Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.

(newest | oldest) View (newer 10 | ) (10 | 20 | 50 | 100 | 250 | 500)
Date/TimeThumbnailDimensionsUserComment
current15:20, 27 November 2018Thumbnail for version as of 15:20, 27 November 2018813 × 590 (106 KB)LeGabrieDeleted stripes in Bayuda desert
15:47, 28 October 2018Thumbnail for version as of 15:47, 28 October 2018703 × 590 (114 KB)LeGabriedecreased width
12:51, 15 October 2018Thumbnail for version as of 12:51, 15 October 2018813 × 590 (108 KB)LeGabrieAdded Gash Delta
11:38, 29 September 2018Thumbnail for version as of 11:38, 29 September 2018813 × 590 (108 KB)LeGabrieExtended the beams over the entire Bayuda
12:12, 4 September 2018Thumbnail for version as of 12:12, 4 September 2018813 × 590 (111 KB)LeGabrieadded question mark
11:59, 4 September 2018Thumbnail for version as of 11:59, 4 September 2018813 × 590 (108 KB)LeGabrieCut the beams in Darfur
00:55, 1 September 2018Thumbnail for version as of 00:55, 1 September 2018813 × 590 (114 KB)LeGabrieIncreased script size
00:51, 1 September 2018Thumbnail for version as of 00:51, 1 September 2018813 × 590 (114 KB)LeGabriesmall fix
00:49, 1 September 2018Thumbnail for version as of 00:49, 1 September 2018813 × 590 (114 KB)LeGabrieMade it prettier
21:14, 1 February 2018Thumbnail for version as of 21:14, 1 February 2018813 × 590 (155 KB)LeGabrieAdded white beams and question marks to highlight the uncertainties of Zarroug's map. These uncertainties are: The extension into Darfur,the question of ownership of northern Kordofan and the beginning of Al-Abwab. The concrete amount of desert aside o...
(newest | oldest) View (newer 10 | ) (10 | 20 | 50 | 100 | 250 | 500)
The following pages on the English Wikipedia use this file (pages on other projects are not listed):

Global file usage

The following other wikis use this file:

Metadata

This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it.

If the file has been modified from its original state, some details may not fully reflect the modified file.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Approximate_extension_of_Alodia_based_on_accounts_of_Ibn_Hawqal.png"