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File:Patró de gens - Hipòtesi 2R.png

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Català: Patró previst per a la ubicació relativa de gens paràlegs a partir de dues duplicacions del genoma

(A) Representació d'un genoma hipotètic que té 22 gens que es mostren com quadrats de color. (B) Una duplicació del genoma genera un conjunt complet de gens paràlegs en ​​el mateix ordre. (C) Molts gens paràlegs pateixen mutacions que els transformen en pseudogens i després es perden. (D) Una segona duplicació del genoma forma un altre conjunt de paràlegs en ​​el mateix ordre i les famílies multigèniques que van retenir dues còpies en presenten ara quatre mentre les que havien perdut a un membre presenten ara dues còpies.

(I) De nou molts gens paràlegs pateixen mutacions i es converteixen en pseudogens i després es perden. També poden ocórrer duplicacions de gens i transposicions.
English: Pattern Predicted for the Relative Locations of Paralogous Genes from Two Genome Duplications

(A) Representation of a hypothetical genome that has 22 genes shown as colored squares. (B) A genome duplication generates a complete set of paralogs in identical order. (C) Many paralogous genes suffer disabling mutations, become pseudogenes, and are then lost. One could imagine this condition being evidence of a single round of genome duplication followed by significant gene losses. (D) A second genome duplication recreates another set of paralogs in identical order, with multigene families that retained two copies now present in four, and those that had lost a member now present in two copies.

(E) Again, many paralogous genes suffer disabling mutations, become pseudogenes, and are then lost. Of course, unrelated gene duplications and transpositions can occur. Even though this leaves only a few four-member gene families, the patterns of 2- and 3-fold gene families unite, in various combinations, all four genomic segments, revealing that the sequential duplications had been of very large regions, in this case all or nearly all of this hypothetical genome.
Date
Source Dehal P, Boore JL (2005) Two Rounds of Whole Genome Duplication in the Ancestral Vertebrate. PLoS Biol 3(10): e314. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0030314
Author Paramvir Dehal & Jeffrey L. Boore

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6 September 2005

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