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Herschel 400 Catalogue

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The Herschel 400 catalogue is a subset of William Herschel's original Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars, selected by Brenda F. Guzman (Branchett), Lydel Guzman, Paul Jones, James Morris, Peggy Taylor and Sara Saey of the Ancient City Astronomy Club in St. Augustine, Florida, United States c. 1980. They decided to generate the list after reading a letter[1] published in Sky & Telescope by James Mullaney of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.[2]

In this letter Mr. Mullaney suggested that William Herschel's original catalogue of 2,500 objects would be an excellent basis for deep sky object selection for amateur astronomers looking for a challenge after completing the Messier Catalogue.

The Herschel 400 is a subset of John Herschel's General Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters published in 1864 of 5,000 objects, and hence also of the New General Catalogue.

The catalogue forms the basis of the Astronomical League's Herschel 400 club. In 1997, another subset of 400 Herschel objects was selected by the Rose City Astronomers of Portland, Oregon as the Herschel II list, which forms the basis of the Astronomical League's Herschel II Program.

Basic facts

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  • The catalogue contains 400 objects.
  • All objects are from the NGC.
  • All objects are visible in mid northern latitudes, since they were all observed by Herschel from England.
  • All objects are visible in 150 mm (6") or larger telescopes.

Distribution of Herschel 400 objects

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Distribution of Herschel 400 objects
Red = Galaxies, Green = Nebulae, Yellow = Star Clusters

Herschel 400 objects that are also Messier objects

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The Herschel 400 contains 17 objects that are part of the Messier catalogue:

Messier NGC Common name Notes
M20 NGC 6514 Trifid Nebula
M33 NGC 598 Triangulum Galaxy
M47 NGC 2422
M48 NGC 2548
M51b NGC 5195 companion to the Whirlpool Galaxy
M61 NGC 4303 Swelling Spiral Galaxy
M76 NGC 651 Little Dumbbell Nebula,
Barbell Nebula (northern portion)
M82 NGC 3034 Cigar Galaxy
M91 NGC 4548
M102? NGC 5866 Spindle Galaxy uncertain Messier object designation
M104 NGC 4594 Sombrero Galaxy
M105 NGC 3379
M106 NGC 4258
M107 NGC 6171 Crucifix Cluster
M108 NGC 3556 Surfboard Galaxy
M109 NGC 3992 Vacuum Cleaner Galaxy
M110 NGC 205

Herschel 400 objects that are also Caldwell objects

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The Herschel 400 catalogue pre-dates the Caldwell catalogue by about 15 years. The Caldwell catalogue contains 44 objects that are members of the Herschel 400:[3]

Caldwell NGC Common name
C2 NGC 40 Bow-Tie Nebula
C6 NGC 6543 Cat's Eye Nebula
C7 NGC 2403
C8 NGC 559
C10 NGC 663
C12 NGC 6946 Fireworks Galaxy
C13 NGC 457 Owl Cluster
C14 NGC 869 Double Cluster
C15 NGC 6826 Blinking Planetary
C16 NGC 7243
C18 NGC 185
C20 NGC 7000 North America Nebula
C21 NGC 4449
C22 NGC 7662 Blue Snowball
C23 NGC 891 Silver Sliver Galaxy
C25 NGC 2419
C28 NGC 752
C29 NGC 5005
C30 NGC 7331
C32 NGC 4631 Whale Galaxy
C36 NGC 4559
C37 NGC 6885
C38 NGC 4565 Needle Galaxy
C39 NGC 2392 Eskimo Nebula,
Clown Face Nebula
C40 NGC 3626
C42 NGC 7006
C43 NGC 7814
C44 NGC 7479
C45 NGC 5248
C47 NGC 6934
C48 NGC 2775
C50 NGC 2244 Satellite Cluster
C52 NGC 4697
C53 NGC 3115 Spindle Galaxy
C54 NGC 2506
C55 NGC 7009 Saturn Nebula
C56 NGC 246 Skull Nebula
C58 NGC 2360 Caroline's Cluster
C59 NGC 3242 Ghost of Jupiter
C60 NGC 4038 brighter of two Antennae Galaxies
C62 NGC 247
C64 NGC 2362 Tau Canis Majoris Cluster
C65 NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy,
Silver Coin Galaxy
C66 NGC 5694

Number of objects by type in the Herschel 400

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Type of object Number
of objects
Galaxies 231
Globular clusters 34
Nebulae 6
Star clusters 99
Star clusters and nebulae 5
Planetary nebulae 24
Asterisms 1
Total 400

Number of Herschel 400 objects in each constellation

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Constellation No. of objects
Andromeda 6
Aquarius 4
Aquila 3
Aries 1
Auriga 6
Boötes 5
Camelopardalis 5
Cancer 1
Canes Venatici 17
Canis Major 4
Constellation No. of objects
Cassiopeia 16
Cepheus 7
Cetus 13
Coma Berenices 24
Corvus 3
Crater 1
Cygnus 10
Delphinus 3
Draco 5
Eridanus 3
Constellation No. of objects
Gemini 10
Hercules 2
Hydra 5
Lacerta 3
Leo 23
Leo Minor 10
Lepus 1
Libra 1
Lynx 3
Monoceros 14
Constellation No. of objects
Ophiuchus 15
Orion 8
Pegasus 5
Perseus 10
Pisces 2
Puppis 13
Pyxis 2
Sagittarius 18
Scorpius 2
Sculptor 3
Constellation No. of objects
Scutum 2
Serpens 1
Sextans 4
Taurus 2
Triangulum 1
Ursa Major 46
Ursa Minor 1
Virgo 50
Vulpecula 6

Herschel 400 objects

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Key

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  Open cluster   Globular cluster   Diffuse nebula   Planetary nebula   Galaxy

1–100

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Messier or
Caldwell ID 		NGC number Common name Image Object type Distance (kly) Constellation Apparent magnitude
C2 NGC 40 Bow-Tie Nebula Planetary Nebula 3.5 Cepheus 11
– NGC 129   Open Cluster 6.0 Cassiopeia 6.5
– NGC 136   Open Cluster 18.6 Cassiopeia 11
– NGC 157   Galaxy 75,000 Cetus 10.4
C18 NGC 185   Galaxy 2,300 Cassiopeia 9.2
M110 NGC 205   Galaxy 2,200 Andromeda 8
– NGC 225   Open Cluster 2.1 Cassiopeia 7
C56 NGC 246 Skull Nebula Planetary Nebula 1.6 Cetus 8
C62 NGC 247   Galaxy 6,800 Cetus 8.9
C65 NGC 253 Sculptor Galaxy
Silver Coin Galaxy 		Galaxy 9,800 Sculptor 7.1
– NGC 278   Galaxy 38,500 Cassiopeia 10.9
– NGC 288   Globular Cluster 28.7 Sculptor 8.1
– NGC 381   Open Cluster 3.8 Cassiopeia 9
– NGC 404   Galaxy 10,000 Andromeda 10.1
– NGC 436   Open Cluster 13.0 Cassiopeia 8.8
C13 NGC 457 ET Cluster
Owl Cluster 		Open Cluster 9 Cassiopeia 6.4
– NGC 488   Galaxy 90,000 Pisces 10.3
– NGC 524   Galaxy 90,000 Pisces 10.6
C8 NGC 559   Open Cluster 3.7 Cassiopeia 9.5
– NGC 584   Galaxy 60,000 Cetus 10.4
– NGC 596   Galaxy 65,000 Cetus 10.9
M33 NGC 598 Triangulum Galaxy Galaxy 2,590 Triangulum 5.7
– NGC 613   Galaxy 67,000 Sculptor 10
– NGC 615   Galaxy 70,000 Cetus 11.5
– NGC 637   Open Cluster 7 Cassiopeia 8.2
M76 NGC 650/651 Little Dumbbell Nebula
Cork Nebula 		Planetary Nebula 3.4 Perseus 12
– NGC 654   Open Cluster 7.8 Cassiopeia 6.5
– NGC 659   Open Cluster 8.2 Cassiopeia 7.9
C10 NGC 663   Open Cluster 7.2 Cassiopeia 7.1
– NGC 720   Galaxy 80,000 Cetus 10.2
C28 NGC 752   Open Cluster 1 Andromeda 5.7
– NGC 772   Galaxy 130,000 Aries 10.3
– NGC 779   Galaxy 59,000 Cetus 11
C14 NGC 869 Η Persei of Double Cluster Open Cluster 7.3 Perseus 4
C14 NGC 884 χ Persei of Double Cluster Open Cluster 7.4 Perseus 4
C23 NGC 891   Galaxy 31,000 Andromeda 10
– NGC 908   Galaxy 56,000 Cetus 10.2
– NGC 936   Galaxy 60,000 Cetus 10.1
– NGC 1022   Galaxy 65,000 Cetus 11.4
– NGC 1023   Galaxy 30,000 Perseus 9.5
– NGC 1027   Open Cluster 3.1 Cassiopeia 6.7
– NGC 1052   Galaxy 63,000 Cetus 10.6
– NGC 1055   Galaxy 52,000 Cetus 10.6
– NGC 1084   Galaxy 65,000 Eridanus 10.6
– NGC 1245   Open Cluster 9.8 Perseus 8.4
– NGC 1342   Open Cluster 2.2 Perseus 6.7
– NGC 1407   Galaxy 75,000 Eridanus 9.8
– NGC 1444   Open Cluster 3.8 Perseus 6.6
– NGC 1501 Oyster Nebula Planetary Nebula 5.8 Camelopardalis 13
– NGC 1502   Open Cluster 2.7 Camelopardalis 5.7
– NGC 1513   Open Cluster 4.9 Perseus 8.4
– NGC 1528   Open Cluster 2.5 Perseus 6.4
– NGC 1535   Planetary Nebula 6.5 Eridanus 10
– NGC 1545   Open Cluster 2.3 Perseus 6.2
– NGC 1647   Open Cluster 1.8 Taurus 6.4
– NGC 1664   Open Cluster 3.9 Auriga 7.6
– NGC 1788   Nebula 1.3 Orion 9.0
– NGC 1817   Open Cluster 6.4 Taurus 7.7
– NGC 1857   Open Cluster 4.5 Auriga 7
– NGC 1907   Open Cluster 4.5 Auriga 8.2
– NGC 1931   Open Cluster and Nebula 7 Auriga 11.3
– NGC 1961   Galaxy 175,000 Camelopardalis 11.1
– NGC 1964   Galaxy 65,000 Lepus 10.8
– NGC 1980   Open Cluster 1.4 Orion 6
– NGC 1999   Nebula 1.5 Orion –
– NGC 2022   Planetary Nebula 6.1 Orion 12
– NGC 2024 Flame Nebula Nebula 0.9 – 1.5 Orion 10
– NGC 2126   Open Cluster 4.4 Auriga 10
– NGC 2129   Open Cluster 7.2 Gemini 6.7
– NGC 2158   Open Cluster 11 Gemini 8.6
– NGC 2169 37 Cluster Open Cluster 3.6 Orion 5.9
– NGC 2185   Nebula 2.9 Monoceros –
– NGC 2186   Open Cluster 7.3 Orion 8.7
– NGC 2194   Open Cluster 10 Orion 8.5
– NGC 2204   Open Cluster 8.6 Canis Major 8.6
– NGC 2215   Open Cluster 3.1 Monoceros 8.4
– NGC 2232   Open Cluster 1.3 Monoceros 3.9
C50 NGC 2244 Satellite Cluster Open Cluster 4.9 Monoceros 4.8
– NGC 2251   Open Cluster 5.5 Monoceros 7.3
– NGC 2264 Christmas Tree Cluster
Cone Nebula 		Open Cluster and Nebula 2.6 Monoceros 3.9
– NGC 2266   Open Cluster 11 Gemini 10
– NGC 2281   Open Cluster 1.8 Auriga 5.4
– NGC 2286   Open Cluster 7.6 Monoceros 7.5
– NGC 2301   Open Cluster 2.8 Monoceros 6
– NGC 2304   Open Cluster 13.6 Gemini 10
– NGC 2311   Open Cluster 7.4 Monoceros 10
– NGC 2324   Open Cluster 17.2 Monoceros 8.4
– NGC 2335   Open Cluster 5.6 Monoceros 7.2
– NGC 2343   Open Cluster 3.7 Monoceros 6.7
– NGC 2353   Open Cluster 4.1 Monoceros 7.1
– NGC 2354   Open Cluster 4.3 Canis Major 6.5
– NGC 2355   Open Cluster 5.4 Gemini 10
C58 NGC 2360 Caroline's Cluster Open Cluster 4 Canis Major 7.2
C64 NGC 2362 Tau Canis Majoris Cluster Open Cluster and Nebula 5.1 Canis Major 4.1
– NGC 2371/2372   Planetary Nebula 4.4 Gemini 13
C39 NGC 2392 Eskimo Nebula
Clown Face Nebula 		Planetary Nebula 4 Gemini 10
– NGC 2395   Asterism N/A Gemini 8
C7 NGC 2403   Galaxy 14,000 Camelopardalis 8.4
C25 NGC 2419   Globular Cluster 275 Lynx 10.4

101–200

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Messier or
Caldwell ID 		NGC number Common name Image Object type Distance (kly) Constellation Apparent magnitude
– NGC 2420   Open Cluster – Gemini 8.3
– NGC 2421   Open Cluster – Puppis 8.3
M47 NGC 2422   Open Cluster 1.6 Puppis 4.4
– NGC 2423   Open Cluster – Puppis 6.7
– NGC 2438   Planetary Nebula 2.9 Puppis 10
– NGC 2440   Planetary Nebula 4 Puppis 11
– NGC 2479   Open Cluster – Puppis 10
– NGC 2482   Open Cluster – Puppis 7.3
– NGC 2489   Open Cluster – Puppis 7.9
C54 NGC 2506   Open Cluster 10 Monoceros 7.6
– NGC 2509   Open Cluster 9.5 Puppis 9
– NGC 2527   Open Cluster – Puppis 6.5
– NGC 2539   Open Cluster 4.4 Puppis 6.5
M48 NGC 2548   Open Cluster 1.5 Hydra 5.8
– NGC 2567   Open Cluster – Puppis 7.4
– NGC 2571   Open Cluster – Puppis 7
– NGC 2613   Galaxy 50,000 Pyxis 10.4
– NGC 2627   Open Cluster 6.63 Pyxis 8
– NGC 2655   Galaxy 63,000 Camelopardalis 10.1
– NGC 2681   Galaxy 50,000 Ursa Major 10.3
– NGC 2683   Galaxy 16,000 Lynx 9.7
– NGC 2742   Galaxy – Ursa Major 11.7
– NGC 2768   Galaxy 65,000 Ursa Major 10
C48 NGC 2775   Galaxy 55,000 Cancer 10.3
– NGC 2782   Galaxy 70,000-110,000 Lynx 11.5
– NGC 2787   Galaxy 25,000 Ursa Major 10.8
– NGC 2811   Galaxy – Hydra 11.3
– NGC 2841   Galaxy 31,000 Ursa Major 9.3
– NGC 2859   Galaxy 23,000 Leo Minor 10.7
– NGC 2903   Galaxy 20,500 Leo 8.9
– NGC 2950   Galaxy 49,800 Ursa Major 11
– NGC 2964   Galaxy 60,800 Leo 11.3
– NGC 2974   Galaxy 89,000 Sextans 10.8
– NGC 2976   Galaxy 12,000 Ursa Major 10.2
– NGC 2985   Galaxy 70,100 Ursa Major 10.5
M82 NGC 3034 Cigar Galaxy Galaxy 11,000 Ursa Major 8.4
– NGC 3077   Galaxy 12,000 Ursa Major 9.9
– NGC 3079   Galaxy 50,000 Ursa Major 10.6
C53 NGC 3115 Spindle Galaxy Galaxy 22,000 Sextans 9.2
– NGC 3147   Galaxy 130,000 Draco 10.7
– NGC 3166   Galaxy 57,000-75,000 Sextans 10.6
– NGC 3169   Galaxy 57,000-75,000 Sextans 10.5
– NGC 3184   Galaxy 25,000 Ursa Major 9.8
– NGC 3190   Galaxy 80,000 Leo 11
– NGC 3193   Galaxy 80,000 Leo 10.9
– NGC 3198   Galaxy 45,000 Ursa Major 10.4
– NGC 3226   Galaxy 58,700 Leo 11.4
– NGC 3227   Galaxy 58,700 Leo 10.8
C59 NGC 3242 Ghost of Jupiter Planetary Nebula 1 Hydra 9
– NGC 3245   Galaxy – Leo Minor 10.8
– NGC 3277   Galaxy – Leo Minor 11.7
– NGC 3294   Galaxy – Leo Minor 11.7
– NGC 3310   Galaxy 50,000 Ursa Major 10.9
– NGC 3344   Galaxy 22,500 Leo Minor 10
– NGC 3377   Galaxy 35,000 Leo 10.2
M105 NGC 3379   Galaxy 38,000 Leo 9.3
– NGC 3384   Galaxy 35,000 Leo 10
– NGC 3395   Galaxy – Leo Minor 12.1
– NGC 3412   Galaxy – Leo 10.6
– NGC 3414   Galaxy – Leo Minor 10.8
– NGC 3432   Galaxy – Leo Minor 11.3
– NGC 3486   Galaxy 27,000 Leo Minor 10.3
– NGC 3489   Galaxy 29,000 Leo 10.3
– NGC 3504   Galaxy – Leo Minor 11.1
– NGC 3521   Galaxy 30,000 Leo 8.9
M108 NGC 3556   Galaxy 45,000 Ursa Major 10.1
– NGC 3593   Galaxy 20,000 Leo 11
– NGC 3607   Galaxy – Leo 10
– NGC 3608   Galaxy – Leo 11
– NGC 3610   Galaxy 70,000 Ursa Major 10.8
– NGC 3613   Galaxy – Ursa Major 12
– NGC 3619   Galaxy – Ursa Major 13
– NGC 3621   Galaxy 22,000 Hydra 10
C40 NGC 3626   Galaxy 86,000 Leo 10.9
– NGC 3628   Galaxy 35,000 Leo 9.5
– NGC 3631   Galaxy 35,000 Ursa Major 10.4
– NGC 3640   Galaxy 75,400 Leo 10.3
– NGC 3655   Galaxy – Leo 11.6
– NGC 3665   Galaxy 85,600 Ursa Major 10.8
– NGC 3675   Galaxy 50,000 Ursa Major 11
– NGC 3686   Galaxy 53,000 Leo 11.4
– NGC 3726   Galaxy 45,000 Ursa Major 10.4
– NGC 3729   Galaxy 65,700 Ursa Major 11.4
– NGC 3810   Galaxy 51,200 Leo 10.8
– NGC 3813   Galaxy – Ursa Major 11.7
– NGC 3877   Galaxy 50,000 Ursa Major 12
– NGC 3893   Galaxy 51,400 Ursa Major 11
– NGC 3898   Galaxy – Ursa Major 10.8
– NGC 3900   Galaxy – Leo 11.4
– NGC 3912   Galaxy – Leo 13
– NGC 3938   Galaxy 43,000 Ursa Major 10.4
– NGC 3941   Galaxy 40,000 Ursa Major 11
– NGC 3945   Galaxy – Ursa Major 10.6
– NGC 3949   Galaxy 50,000 Ursa Major 11
– NGC 3953   Galaxy 56,000 Ursa Major 10.1
– NGC 3962   Galaxy – Crater 10.6
– NGC 3982   Galaxy 67,000 Ursa Major 12
M109 NGC 3992   Galaxy 55,000 Ursa Major 9.8
– NGC 3998   Galaxy – Ursa Major 10.6
– NGC 4026   Galaxy 52,000 Ursa Major 12

201–300

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Messier or
Caldwell ID 		NGC number Common name Image Object type Distance (kly) Constellation Apparent magnitude
– NGC 4027   Galaxy 68,000 Corvus 11.1
– NGC 4030   Galaxy 75,000 Virgo 12
– NGC 4036   Galaxy 62,000 Ursa Major 10.6
C60/C61 NGC 4038/4039 Antennae Galaxies Galaxy 83,000 Corvus 10.7
– NGC 4041   Galaxy 70,000 Ursa Major 11.1
– NGC 4051   Galaxy 45,000 Ursa Major 10.3
– NGC 4085   Galaxy 50,000 Ursa Major 12.3
– NGC 4088   Galaxy 50,000 Ursa Major 10.5
– NGC 4102   Galaxy 69,000 Ursa Major 12
– NGC 4111   Galaxy 45,000 Canes Venatici 10.8
– NGC 4143   Galaxy – Canes Venatici 12
– NGC 4147   Globular Cluster 60 Coma Berenices 10.3
– NGC 4150   Galaxy – Coma Berenices 11.7
– NGC 4151   Galaxy 62,000 Canes Venatici 10.4
– NGC 4179   Galaxy – Virgo 10.9
– NGC 4203   Galaxy 50,000 Coma Berenices 10.7
– NGC 4214   Galaxy 10,000 Canes Venatici 9.7
– NGC 4216   Galaxy 40,000 Virgo 10
– NGC 4245   Galaxy – Coma Berenices 11.4
– NGC 4251   Galaxy – Coma Berenices 12
M106 NGC 4258   Galaxy 25,000 Canes Venatici 8.3
– NGC 4261   Galaxy 95,000 Virgo 10.3
– NGC 4273   Galaxy – Virgo 11.9
– NGC 4274   Galaxy 45,000 Coma Berenices 10.4
– NGC 4278   Galaxy 55,100 Coma Berenices 10.2
– NGC 4281   Galaxy – Virgo 11.3
– NGC 4293   Galaxy 54,000 Coma Berenices 11
M61 NGC 4303   Galaxy 60,000 Virgo 9.7
– NGC 4314   Galaxy 40,000 Coma Berenices 10.5
– NGC 4346   Galaxy – Canes Venatici 12
– NGC 4350   Galaxy – Coma Berenices 11.1
– NGC 4361   Planetary Nebula – Corvus 10
– NGC 4365   Galaxy – Virgo 11
– NGC 4371   Galaxy – Virgo 10.8
– NGC 4394   Galaxy 40,000 Coma Berenices 10.9
– NGC 4414   Galaxy 62,000 Coma Berenices 10.3
– NGC 4419   Galaxy – Coma Berenices 11.1
– NGC 4429   Galaxy 55,000 Virgo 10.2
– NGC 4435 The Eyes Galaxy 52,000 Virgo 10.9
– NGC 4438 The Eyes Galaxy 52,000 Virgo 10.1
– NGC 4442   Galaxy – Virgo 10.5
– NGC 4448   Galaxy 45,000 Coma Berenices 11.1
C21 NGC 4449   Galaxy 10,000 Canes Venatici 9.4
– NGC 4450   Galaxy 50,000 Coma Berenices 10.1
– NGC 4459   Galaxy 50,000 Coma Berenices 10.4
– NGC 4473   Galaxy 50,000 Coma Berenices 10.2
– NGC 4477   Galaxy 55,000 Coma Berenices 10.4
– NGC 4478   Galaxy 50,000 Virgo 11.2
– NGC 4485   Galaxy 25,000 Canes Venatici 12
– NGC 4490   Galaxy 25,000 Canes Venatici 9.8
– NGC 4494   Galaxy 45,000 Coma Berenices 9.9
– NGC 4526   Galaxy 108,000 Virgo 9.6
– NGC 4527   Galaxy 50,000 Virgo 10.4
– NGC 4535   Galaxy 55,000 Virgo 9.8
– NGC 4536   Galaxy 55,000 Virgo 10.4
– NGC 4546   Galaxy 45,600 Virgo 10.3
M91 NGC 4548   Galaxy 60,000 Coma Berenices 10.2
– NGC 4550   Galaxy 50,000 Virgo 11.6
C36 NGC 4559   Galaxy 32,000 Coma Berenices 9.9
C38 NGC 4565 Needle Galaxy Galaxy 42,000 Coma Berenices 9.6
– NGC 4570   Galaxy 55,000 Virgo 10.9
M104 NGC 4594 Sombrero Galaxy Galaxy 50,000 Virgo 8.3
– NGC 4596   Galaxy 55,000 Virgo 10.5
– NGC 4618   Galaxy 30,000 Canes Venatici 10.8
C32 NGC 4631 Whale Galaxy Galaxy 22,000 Canes Venatici 9.3
– NGC 4636   Galaxy 53,000 Virgo 9.6
– NGC 4643   Galaxy – Virgo 10.6
– NGC 4654   Galaxy 55,000 Virgo 10.5
– NGC 4656 Hockey Stick Galaxy Galaxy 30,000 Canes Venatici 10.4
– NGC 4660   Galaxy 63,000 Virgo 11
– NGC 4665   Galaxy 58,000 Virgo 12
– NGC 4666   Galaxy 80,000 Virgo 10.8
– NGC 4689   Galaxy 55,000 Coma Berenices 10.9
C52 NGC 4697   Galaxy 76,000 Virgo 9.3
– NGC 4698   Galaxy 55,000 Virgo 10.7
– NGC 4699   Galaxy 65,000 Virgo 9.6
– NGC 4725   Galaxy 41,000 Coma Berenices 9.2
– NGC 4753   Galaxy 60,000 Virgo 9.9
– NGC 4754   Galaxy 55,000 Virgo 10.6
– NGC 4762   Galaxy 60,000 Virgo 10.2
– NGC 4781   Galaxy – Virgo 12
– NGC 4800   Galaxy 95,000 Canes Venatici 12
– NGC 4845   Galaxy 47,000 Virgo 12
– NGC 4856   Galaxy – Virgo 10.4
– NGC 4866   Galaxy 80,000 Virgo 11
– NGC 4900   Galaxy – Virgo 11.5
– NGC 4958   Galaxy – Virgo 10.5
– NGC 4995   Galaxy – Virgo 11
C29 NGC 5005   Galaxy 69,000 Canes Venatici 9.8
– NGC 5033   Galaxy 38,000-60,000 Canes Venatici 10.1
– NGC 5054   Galaxy – Virgo 11
– NGC 5195 Messier 51b Galaxy 25,000 Canes Venatici 9.6
C45 NGC 5248   Galaxy 74,000 Boötes 10.2
– NGC 5273   Galaxy – Canes Venatici 11.6
– NGC 5322   Galaxy 80,000 Ursa Major 10
– NGC 5363   Galaxy 63,600 Virgo 10.2
– NGC 5364   Galaxy 55,000 Virgo 10.4
– NGC 5466   Globular Cluster 52 Boötes 9.1
– NGC 5473   Galaxy – Ursa Major 11.4
– NGC 5474   Galaxy 21,000 Ursa Major 10.9

301–400

[edit]
Messier or
Caldwell ID 		NGC number Common name Image Object type Distance (kly) Constellation Apparent magnitude
– NGC 5557   Galaxy – Boötes 11.1
– NGC 5566   Galaxy 65,000 Virgo 10.5
– NGC 5576   Galaxy – Virgo 10.9
– NGC 5631   Galaxy – Ursa Major 13
– NGC 5634   Globular Cluster 88 Virgo 9.6
– NGC 5676   Galaxy 100,000 Boötes 10.9
– NGC 5689   Galaxy – Boötes 11.9
C66 NGC 5694   Globular Cluster 113 Hydra 10.2
– NGC 5746   Galaxy 95,000 Virgo 10.6
– NGC 5846   Galaxy 93,000 Virgo 10.2
M102? NGC 5866 Spindle Galaxy Galaxy 50,000 Draco 10
– NGC 5897   Globular Cluster 24 Libra 8.6
– NGC 5907   Galaxy 55,000 Draco 10.4
– NGC 5982   Galaxy 123,000 Draco 11.1
– NGC 6118   Galaxy 83,000 Serpens 12
– NGC 6144   Globular Cluster – Scorpius 9.1
M107 NGC 6171   Globular Cluster 20 Ophiuchus 8.1
– NGC 6207   Galaxy 30,000 Hercules 11.6
– NGC 6217   Galaxy 67,000 Ursa Minor 11.2
– NGC 6229   Globular Cluster 100 Hercules 9.4
– NGC 6235   Globular Cluster – Ophiuchus 10.2
– NGC 6284   Globular Cluster 50 Ophiuchus 9
– NGC 6287   Globular Cluster 30 Ophiuchus 9.2
– NGC 6293   Globular Cluster 31-52 Ophiuchus 8.2
– NGC 6304   Globular Cluster 19 Ophiuchus 8.4
– NGC 6316   Globular Cluster 35 Ophiuchus 9
– NGC 6342   Globular Cluster 28 Ophiuchus 9.9
– NGC 6355   Globular Cluster 31 Ophiuchus 9.6
– NGC 6356   Globular Cluster 50 Ophiuchus 8.4
– NGC 6369 Little Ghost Nebula Planetary Nebula 2 Ophiuchus 13
– NGC 6401   Globular Cluster 24 Ophiuchus 9.5
– NGC 6426   Globular Cluster 67 Ophiuchus 11.2
– NGC 6440   Globular Cluster 28 Sagittarius 9.7
– NGC 6445 Box Nebula Planetary Nebula – Sagittarius 13
– NGC 6451   Open Cluster – Scorpius 8
M20 NGC 6514 Trifid Nebula Open Cluster and Nebula 2 Sagittarius 6.3
– NGC 6517   Globular Cluster – Ophiuchus 10.3
– NGC 6520   Open Cluster – Sagittarius 8
– NGC 6522   Globular Cluster 25 Sagittarius 8.6
– NGC 6528   Globular Cluster 26 Sagittarius 9.5
– NGC 6540   Open Cluster 17 Sagittarius 9.3
C6 NGC 6543 Cat's Eye Nebula Planetary Nebula 3 Draco 9
– NGC 6544   Globular Cluster 10 Sagittarius 8.3
– NGC 6553   Globular Cluster 20 Sagittarius 8.3
– NGC 6568   Open Cluster – Sagittarius 9
– NGC 6569   Globular Cluster 35 Sagittarius 8.7
– NGC 6583   Open Cluster – Sagittarius 10
– NGC 6624   Globular Cluster 26 Sagittarius 8.3
– NGC 6629   Planetary Nebula – Sagittarius 12
– NGC 6633   Open Cluster 1 Ophiuchus 4.6
– NGC 6638   Globular Cluster – Sagittarius 9.2
– NGC 6642   Globular Cluster 26 Sagittarius 8.8
– NGC 6645   Open Cluster – Sagittarius 9
– NGC 6664   Open Cluster – Scutum 7.8
– NGC 6712   Globular Cluster 22.5 Scutum 8.2
– NGC 6755   Open Cluster 4.6 Aquila 7.5
– NGC 6756   Open Cluster 6.3 Aquila 11
– NGC 6781   Planetary Nebula – Aquila 12
– NGC 6802   Open Cluster – Vulpecula 8.8
– NGC 6818 Little Gem Nebula Planetary Nebula – Sagittarius 10
– NGC 6823   Open Cluster 6 Vulpecula 7.1
C15 NGC 6826 Blinking Planetary Planetary Nebula 2.2 Cygnus 10
– NGC 6830   Open Cluster – Vulpecula 7.9
– NGC 6834   Open Cluster 7 Cygnus 7.8
– NGC 6866   Open Cluster 3.9 Cygnus 7.6
– NGC 6882   Open Cluster – Vulpecula 8.1
C37 NGC 6885   Open Cluster 2 Vulpecula 6
– NGC 6905 Blue Flash Nebula Planetary Nebula 7.5 Delphinus 12
– NGC 6910   Open Cluster – Cygnus 7.4
C47 NGC 6934   Globular Cluster 57 Delphinus 8.9
– NGC 6939   Open Cluster 3.9 Cepheus 7.8
– NGC 6940   Open Cluster 2.5 Vulpecula 6.3
C12 NGC 6946 Fireworks Galaxy Galaxy 18,000 Cepheus 8.9
C20 NGC 7000 North America Nebula Nebula 2 Cygnus –
C42 NGC 7006   Globular Cluster 135 Delphinus 10.6
– NGC 7008 Fetus Nebula Planetary Nebula 3 Cygnus 13
C55 NGC 7009 Saturn Nebula Planetary Nebula 1.4 Aquarius 8
– NGC 7044   Open Cluster – Cygnus 11
– NGC 7062   Open Cluster – Cygnus 8.3
– NGC 7086   Open Cluster – Cygnus 8.4
– NGC 7128   Open Cluster – Cygnus 9.7
– NGC 7142   Open Cluster 6.2 Cepheus 9.3
– NGC 7160   Open Cluster – Cepheus 6.1
– NGC 7209   Open Cluster 3.8 Lacerta 6.7
– NGC 7217   Galaxy 50,000 Pegasus 10.2
C16 NGC 7243   Open Cluster 3 Lacerta 6.4
– NGC 7296     Open Cluster – Lacerta 10
C30 NGC 7331   Galaxy 47,000 Pegasus 9.5
– NGC 7380 Wizard Nebula Open Cluster and Nebula 7.2 Cepheus 7.2
– NGC 7448   Galaxy 79,500 Pegasus 11.7
C44 NGC 7479   Galaxy 106,000 Pegasus 11
– NGC 7510   Open Cluster 11 Cepheus 7.9
– NGC 7606   Galaxy 98,500 Aquarius 10.8
C22 NGC 7662 Blue Snowball Planetary Nebula 3.2 Andromeda 9
– NGC 7686   Open Cluster – Andromeda 5.6
– NGC 7723   Galaxy 91,500 Aquarius 11.1
– NGC 7727   Galaxy 76,000 Aquarius 10.7
– NGC 7789 Caroline's Rose Open Cluster 7.6 Cassiopeia 6.7
– NGC 7790   Open Cluster 11 Cassiopeia 8.5
C43 NGC 7814   Galaxy 49,000 Pegasus 10.5

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Mullaney, James (April 1976). "Letter to Sky & Telescope". Sky & Telescope: 235. Archived from the original (subscription required) on 2007-10-01. Retrieved 2006-08-24. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  2. ^ "Herschel 400 Club". The Astronomical League. Retrieved 2006-08-24.
  3. ^ O'Meara, Stephen James (2002). The Caldwell Objects. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-82796-5.
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