Iraq Stars League
![]() | |
Organising body | Iraqi Pro League Association |
---|---|
Founded | 18 August 1974 |
Country | Iraq |
Confederation | AFC |
Number of teams | 20 (since 2014–15) |
Level on pyramid | 1 |
Relegation to | Iraqi Premier Division League |
Domestic cup(s) | Iraq FA Cup Iraqi Super Cup |
International cup(s) | AFC Champions League Elite AFC Champions League Two Arab Club Champions Cup Gulf Club Champions League |
Current champions | Al-Shorta (7th title) (2023–24) |
Most championships | Al-Zawraa (14 titles) |
Top goalscorer | Amjad Radhi (181) |
TV partners | Al-Iraqiya TV Al-Rabiaa Sport |
Current: 2024–25 Iraq Stars League |
The Iraq Stars League (Arabic: دوري نجوم العراق, romanized: Dawrī Nujūm Al-'Irāq), is the highest level of the Iraqi football league system. Contested by 20 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the Iraqi Premier Division League. It is governed by the Iraqi Pro League Association.
The league was formed by the Iraq Football Association in 1974 as the Iraqi National Clubs League, the first nationwide league of clubs in Iraq, and later became known as the Iraqi Premier League. In 2023, the competition was transformed into a professional league under the name Iraq Stars League. The current format sees 20 teams playing 38 matches each (playing each team in the league twice, home and away), totalling 380 matches in the season.
Of the 80 teams to have competed since the inception of the league in 1974, eleven have won the title. Al-Zawraa are the most successful club with 14 titles, followed by Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya (7), Al-Shorta (7) and Al-Talaba (5), who together contest the Baghdad derbies. The current champions are Al-Shorta, who won their third consecutive title in 2023–24.
History
[edit]Origins
[edit]Up until 1973, leagues in Iraq were played at a regional level.[1] The Central FA League, the Basra League and the Kirkuk League were all founded in 1948,[2] while the Mosul League was founded in 1950.[3] The first nationwide league to be held in the country was in the 1973–74 season when the Iraqi National First Division was formed,[4] with Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya being crowned champions.[5] The IFA then decided to replace the competition with a new National Clubs League which would only be open to clubs and not institute-representative teams.[6]
Foundation
[edit]The league held its first season in 1974–75 and was originally composed of ten clubs.[7] The league's first ever goal was scored by Falah Hassan of Al-Tayaran (now known as Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya) in a 1–1 draw with Al-Sinaa.[8] Al-Tayaran were crowned champions of the inaugural season which featured the following teams:[9]
"Stars League" formation
[edit]On 4 June 2023, Iraq Football Association (IFA) signed a three-year partnership agreement with Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional (LaLiga) to transform the Iraqi Premier League into a professional league from the 2023–24 season. The competition is named the Iraq Stars League and is designed to meet the licensing criteria set down by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). A new association named the Iraqi Pro League Association, chaired by Javier Jiménez Sacristán and Matteo Mantovani, was formed to operate the competition and supervise the associated youth leagues.[10] An Iraqi management team is also being trained by LaLiga to take control of the committee once the partnership deal ends.[11] A start date of 26 October 2023 was set for the first Stars League season.[12]
"Baghdad's Big Four" dominance
[edit]Season | QWJ | SHR | TLB | ZWR |
---|---|---|---|---|
1989–90 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 4 |
1990–91 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
1991–92 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 2 |
1992–93 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 |
1993–94 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 1 |
1994–95 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 1 |
1995–96 | 8 | 3 | 6 | 1 |
1996–97 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 2 |
1997–98 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 3 |
1998–99 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 1 |
1999–2000 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 1 |
2000–01 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 1 |
2001–02 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 4 |
Top four | 11 | 8 | 10 | 13 |
out of 13 | ||||
League champions |
Ever since the league began, it has been dominated by the four biggest clubs in Baghdad: Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya, Al-Shorta, Al-Talaba and Al-Zawraa, who together contest the Baghdad derbies.[13] From the 1989–90 season until the 2005–06 season, the league was won by one of the four Baghdad teams every time.[6] After the 2003 US invasion of Iraq, players started to leave the Baghdad-based clubs and join clubs in the North such as Erbil and Duhok due to the economic instability and security issues in the capital city.[14] This led to a shift in the dominance of the "Big Four" as Erbil won three consecutive league titles from 2007 to 2009 with Duhok winning the league in 2010.[15] In the 2008–09 season, none of Baghdad's Big Four clubs finished in the top four and this is the only time that this has happened in the history of the league; the top four spots were occupied by Erbil, Al-Najaf, Duhok and Al-Amana.[16] However, Baghdad's Big Four have since returned to dominating the league, having won all titles since 2015–16.
Competition format
[edit]Competition
[edit]There are currently 20 clubs in the Iraq Stars League. During the course of a season, each club plays the others twice (a double round-robin system), once at their home stadium and once at that of their opponents, for a total of 38 games (however, matches between Baghdad's Big Four clubs are played at the neutral venue of Al-Shaab Stadium to accommodate more spectators).[17]
Teams receive three points for a win and one point for a draw. No points are awarded for a loss. Teams are ranked by total points, then head-to-head points, then head-to-head goal difference, then total goal difference, then goals scored and then number of wins.[17] If still equal, teams are deemed to occupy the same position. If there is a tie for the championship, for relegation, or for qualification to other competitions, a play-off match at a neutral venue decides rank.[17]
The two teams at the bottom of the league table are relegated to the Iraqi Premier Division League, while the top two teams in the Premier Division League are promoted to the Stars League. The 17th and 18th-placed teams in the Stars League compete in a play-off, with the winner remaining in the Stars League and the loser entering another play-off with the 3rd-placed team from the Premier Division League for a place in the following season's Stars League. Each club is allowed a maximum of seven foreign outfield players in their squad. A maximum of five substitutions are available per match for each team.[18]
The winners of the league qualify for the Iraqi Super Cup, a match played against the winners of the Iraq FA Cup (if the league winners also win the Iraq FA Cup, they play the league runners-up instead).[19]
Clubs
[edit]2024–25 season
[edit]Twenty clubs are competing in the 2024–25 Iraq Stars League, including two promoted from the Premier Division League:
2024–25 Club |
2023–24 Position |
First season in the league |
Seasons in the league |
First season of current spell in the league |
Titles | Most recent title |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Al-Hudood | 9th | 2008–09 | 13 | 2022–23 | 0 | – |
Al-Kahrabaa | 13th | 2004–05 | 20 | 2014–15 | 0 | – |
Al-Karkh | 15th | 1990–91 | 29 | 2018–19 | 0 | – |
Al-Karmab | 2nd (PDL) | 2024–25 | 1 | 2024–25 | 0 | – |
Al-Minaa | 12th | 1975–76 | 47 | 2023–24 | 1 | 1977–78 |
Al-Naftb | 11th | 1985–86 | 40 | 1985–86 | 0 | – |
Al-Najafb | 4th | 1987–88 | 38 | 1987–88 | 0 | – |
Al-Qasimb | 17th | 2019–20 | 6 | 2019–20 | 0 | – |
Al-Quwa Al-Jawiyaa, b | 2nd | 1974–75 | 51 | 1974–75 | 7 | 2020–21 |
Al-Shortaa, b | 1st | 1974–75 | 51 | 1974–75 | 7 | 2023–24 |
Al-Talabab | 8th | 1975–76 | 50 | 1975–76 | 5 | 2001–02 |
Al-Zawraab | 3rd | 1975–76 | 50 | 1975–76 | 14 | 2017–18 |
Diyala | 1st (PDL) | 1975–76 | 15 | 2024–25 | 0 | – |
Duhok | 6th | 1988–89 | 22 | 2022–23 | 1 | 2009–10 |
Erbil | 14th | 1987–88 | 33 | 2018–19 | 4 | 2011–12 |
Karbala | 16th | 1992–93 | 23 | 2022–23 | 0 | – |
Naft Al-Basra | 18th | 2004–05 | 20 | 2012–13 | 0 | – |
Naft Maysan | 10th | 2009–10 | 14 | 2013–14 | 0 | – |
Newrozb | 7th | 2021–22 | 4 | 2021–22 | 0 | – |
Zakho | 5th | 2002–03 | 20 | 2019–20 | 0 | – |
a: Founding member of the league
b: Never been relegated from the league
Map
[edit]Seasons
[edit]Since its first season in 1974–75 up until the 2024–25 season (not counting the qualifying rounds of the 2000–01 season), 80 teams have taken part in at least a single round. The teams in bold are competing in the Iraq Stars League in the 2024–25 season. Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya and Al-Shorta are the only teams to have played in every single one of the 51 seasons.
- Notes
Champions
[edit]Club | Titles | Winning seasons |
---|---|---|
Al-Zawraa | 14 | 1975–76, 1976–77, 1978–79, 1990–91, 1993–94, 1994–95, 1995–96, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2005–06, 2010–11, 2015–16, 2017–18 |
Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya | 7 | 1974–75, 1989–90, 1991–92, 1996–97, 2004–05, 2016–17, 2020–21 |
Al-Shorta | 7 | 1979–80, 1997–98, 2012–13, 2018–19, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24 |
Al-Talaba | 5 | 1980–81, 1981–82, 1985–86, 1992–93, 2001–02 |
Erbil | 4 | 2006–07, 2007–08, 2008–09, 2011–12 |
Al-Rasheed | 3 | 1986–87, 1987–88, 1988–89 |
Al-Minaa | 1 | 1977–78 |
Salahaddin | 1 | 1982–83 |
Al-Jaish | 1 | 1983–84 |
Duhok | 1 | 2009–10 |
Naft Al-Wasat | 1 | 2014–15 |
International competitions
[edit]Qualification for Asian competitions
[edit]The champions of the Iraq Stars League qualify for the subsequent season's AFC Champions League Elite league stage, while the winners of the Iraq FA Cup qualify for the AFC Champions League Two group stage. If the same team wins the Stars League and the FA Cup, the Stars League runners-up qualify for the AFC Champions League Two group stage. The number of places allocated to Iraqi clubs in AFC competitions is dependent upon the position the country holds in the AFC Club Competitions Ranking, which is calculated based upon the performance of teams in AFC competitions in the previous four years.[20]
Collectively, Iraqi teams have reached nine finals of Asian club competitions. Before the foundation of the national league, Aliyat Al-Shorta were the first Iraqi team to participate in the Asian Champion Club Tournament in 1971 and they reached the final, but they refused to play Israeli side Maccabi Tel Aviv and took the runner-up spot.[21] Al-Rasheed reached the final of the Asian Club Championship in 1989 but they lost a two-legged final on away goals to Al-Saad of Qatar.[21] Al-Talaba reached the final of the 1995 Asian Cup Winners' Cup but they lost it 2–1 to Bellmare Hiratsuka,[22] and five years later, Al-Zawraa lost the final of the same competition 1–0 to Shimizu S-Pulse in 2000.[23] Erbil reached the final of Asia's secondary tournament, the AFC Cup, twice in 2012 and 2014 but lost both times to Al-Kuwait and Al-Qadsia respectively.[14] Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya managed to win the AFC Cup when they beat Indian club Bengaluru FC 1–0 in the 2016 final, and they won the competition for the second consecutive season in 2017 by beating FC Istiklol by the same scoreline. They earned a joint-record third AFC Cup title with a 2–0 defeat of Altyn Asyr in 2018.[24]
Qualification for Arab competitions
[edit]At the end of each season, a play-off tournament is held between the teams ranked 2nd to 5th in the league table, with the play-off winners qualifying for the Arab Club Champions Cup and the runners-up qualifying for the Gulf Club Champions League. In the event that the Iraq FA Cup winners occupy one of the top five positions in the league, the 6th-placed team in the league will replace the FA Cup winners (or the league runners-up, if the FA Cup winners have won the double) in the play-off tournament.
Al-Shorta won the inaugural Arab Club Champions Cup in 1982 by defeating Al-Nejmeh 4–2 on aggregate in the final.[25] Meanwhile, Al-Rasheed won the Arab Club Champions Cup three times in a row in 1985, 1986 and 1987 and are the competition's joint-most successful side.[26]
Sponsorship
[edit]The league was founded as the National Clubs League and has been renamed several times, with the current Stars League name remaining in place since 2023. The competition has had title sponsorship rights sold to three companies, which were Zain Iraq in the 2009–10 season,[27] Asiacell in the 2010–11 and 2011–12 seasons[28] and Fuchs in the 2015–16 season.[29]
Period | Sponsor | Name |
---|---|---|
1974–1988 | No sponsor | National Clubs League |
1988–1989 | Pan-National Clubs League | |
1989–1995 | National Clubs League | |
1995–1996 | Advanced League | |
1996–1999 | Premier League | |
1999–2000 | First Division League | |
2000–2002 | Elite League | |
2002–2003 | First Division League | |
2003–2009 | Premier League | |
2009–2010 | Zain Iraq | Zain Iraq League |
2010–2012 | Asiacell | Asiacell Elite League |
2012–2013 | No sponsor | Elite League |
2013–2015 | Premier League | |
2015–2016 | Fuchs | Fuchs Premier League |
2016–2023 | No sponsor | Premier League |
2023–present | Stars League |
Players
[edit]Top scorers
[edit]- As of 14 July 2024.[6]
Rank | Player | Goals | First app | Last app | Club(s) (goals) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ![]() |
181 | 2007 | present | Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya (98), Erbil (75), Al-Najaf (8) |
2 | ![]() |
177 | 1988 | 2012 | Salahaddin (42), Al-Zawraa (62), Al-Talaba (18), Karbala (50), Al-Sinaa (5) |
3 | ![]() |
171 | 1979 | 1996 | Al-Sinaa (23), Al-Jaish (11), Al-Rasheed (4), Al-Zawraa (127), Al-Shorta (6) |
4 | ![]() |
170 | 1987 | 2004 | Al-Najaf (149), Al-Karkh (21) |
5 | ![]() |
167 | 1991 | 2010 | Al-Sinaa (32), Al-Naft (16), Diyala (40), Duhok (58), Erbil (14), Kirkuk (2), Peris (5) |
6 | ![]() |
163 | 2005 | 2023 | Samarra (19), Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya (144) |
7 | ![]() |
158 | 2004 | present | Al-Zawraa (54), Duhok (26), Al-Shorta (78) |
8 | ![]() |
157 | 1983 | 2000 | Al-Shorta (135), Al-Rasheed (15), Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya (3), Al-Difaa Al-Jawi (4) |
9 | ![]() |
146 | 1981 | 1999 | Al-Zawraa (103), Al-Rasheed (43) |
10 | ![]() |
145 | 1988 | 2007 | Al-Sinaa (8), Al-Talaba (137) |
Bold denotes players still playing in the Iraq Stars League.
Awards
[edit]Trophy
[edit]The current Iraq Stars League trophy was revealed on 13 July 2024 and was sculpted by the Iraqi painter and sculptor Ahmed Albahrani. The trophy is predominantly silver in colour, and features a silver and golden football at the top. The trophy has a silver base with the words "Iraq Stars League" written in English and Arabic, alongside the logo of the competition and the season.[30]
Records
[edit]League records
[edit]- Titles
- Most titles: 14, Al-Zawraa[31]
- Most consecutive title wins: 3 – joint record:[31]
- Biggest title-winning margin: 21 points, 2021–22; Al-Shorta (91 points) over Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya (70 points)[32]
- Smallest title-winning margin: 0 points, 0 goal difference and 2 wins – 1980–81; Al-Talaba (8 wins) over Al-Shorta (6 wins)[33]
- Earliest title win with the most games remaining: 7 games, Al-Shorta (2021–22)[32]
- Wins
- Most consecutive wins: 11, Al-Shorta (13 March – 22 May 1998)[34]
- Most consecutive wins from the start of a season: 9 – joint record:[35]
- Most consecutive wins to the end of a season: 11, Al-Shorta (1997–98)[34]
- Defeated all league opponents at least once in a season: joint record:[36]
- Losses
- Goals
- Most consecutive matches scored in: 37, Al-Shorta (13 October 1997 – 13 November 1998)[38]
- Most consecutive matches without conceding a goal: 14, Erbil (16 July 2009 – 20 March 2010)[39]
- Scored in every match during a season: joint record:[6]
Match records
[edit]- Scorelines
- Highest scoring match: 11 goals – joint record:[40]
- Al-Naqil 11–0 Al-Shorta (12 October 1974)
- Al-Ramadi 11–0 Kirkuk (15 May 1995)
- Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya 9–2 Al-Diwaniya (11 May 2023)
- Attendances
- Highest attendance, single game: 68,000, Al-Shorta v. Al-Zawraa (at Al-Shaab Stadium, 13 December 1991)[41]
Player records
[edit]- Appearances
- Youngest player: Mohanad Ali, 13 years and 279 days (for Al-Shorta v. Al-Talaba, 26 March 2014)[42]
- Titles
- Most titles: 7 – joint record:[43]
- Most titles as captain: 3 – joint record:[44]
- Hazem Jassam (three with Al-Zawraa in 1975–76, 1976–77 and 1978–79)
- Ahmed Radhi (one with Al-Rasheed in 1988–89 and two with Al-Zawraa in 1990–91 and 1998–99)
- Rafid Badr Al-Deen (three with Erbil in 2006–07, 2007–08 and 2008–09)
- Alaa Abdul-Zahra (three with Al-Shorta in 2021–22, 2022–23 and 2023–24)
- Goals
- Most goals: 181, Amjad Radhi[6]
- Most goals for one club: 149, Ali Hashim (for Al-Najaf)[6]
- Most top scorer awards: 4, Karim Saddam (1988–89, 1989–90, 1990–91, 1992–93)[31]
- Most consecutive top scorer awards: 3 – joint record:[31]
- Most goals in a season: 36, Younis Abid Ali (1993–94, 50 rounds)[31]
- Most goals in a single game: 6 – joint record:[45]
- Shakir Mohammed Sabbar (for Al-Ramadi v. Kirkuk, 15 May 1995)
- Sahib Abbas (for Al-Zawraa v. Al-Karkh, 18 October 1996)
- Alaa Kadhim (for Al-Talaba v. Al-Mosul, 9 January 1998)
- Fastest goal: 7 seconds, Alaa Abdul-Sattar (for Al-Zawraa v. Al-Kadhimiya, 25 January 2002)[46]
- Most hat-tricks: 10 – joint record:[6]
- Most hat-tricks in a season: 4, Qahtan Chathir (Al-Karkh, 1999–2000)[6]
Managerial records
[edit]- Titles
The following managers have won multiple titles:[47]
Manager | Club(s) | Wins | Winning seasons |
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Al-Talaba, Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya (2), Al-Zawraa | 4 | 1992–93, 1996–97, 2017–18, 2020–21 |
![]() |
Al-Talaba, Al-Rasheed (2) | 3 | 1981–82, 1987–88, 1988–89 |
![]() |
Al-Talaba, Erbil (2) | 2001–02, 2007–08, 2008–09 | |
![]() |
Duhok, Al-Zawraa, Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya | 2009–10, 2015–16, 2016–17 | |
![]() |
Al-Zawraa | 2 | 1975–76, 1976–77 |
![]() |
Al-Talaba, Al-Zawraa | 1980–81, 1993–94 | |
![]() |
Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya, Al-Zawraa | 1989–90, 1998–99 | |
![]() |
Al-Zawraa | 1995–96, 1999–2000 | |
![]() |
Al-Zawraa, Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya | 2000–01, 2004–05 | |
![]() |
Al-Shorta | 2021–22, 2023–24 |
See also
[edit]- List of Iraqi football champions
- Iraqi clubs in the AFC Club Competitions
- Iraqi Women's Football League
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