Kritosaurini

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Kritosaurins
Temporal range: 83–66 Ma
Gryposaurus notabilis skeleton at the Royal Ontario Museum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Clade: Ornithischia
Clade: Ornithopoda
Family: Hadrosauridae
Subfamily: Saurolophinae
Tribe: Kritosaurini
Lapparent & Lavocat, 1955
Type species
Kritosaurus navajovius
Subtaxa
Synonyms
  • Gryposaurini Holtz, 2007[1]

Kritosaurini is a tribe of saurolophine hadrosaurid dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous.

Discovery and naming[edit]

The first member of the group discovered and named was Kritosaurus; it was named by paleontologist Barnum Brown in 1910.[2] Four years later, Canadian paleontologist Lawrence Lambe would name Gryposaurus.[3] The similarity between the two taxa was immediately recognized, and throughout the twentieth century the validity of the latter genus was doubted, with it being suggested both species were the same.[4][5] Only in the 1990s were they definitively identified as distinct.[6] Around this time, related hadrosaurs Naashoibitosaurus[7] and Secernosaurus[8] were discovered, and the modern interpretation of the group started to develop.[9]

The name "Kritosaurini" was first mentioned in 1955 by Lapparent & Lavocat, where they mentioned "‘Kritosaurinés" as a group of hadrosaurids containing only Kritosaurus, which was thought of as a senior synonym of Gryposaurus. In 1989, Michael Brett-Surman proposed the name Kritosaurini as a tribe of hadrosaurines that contained Aralosaurus, Brachylophosaurus, Hadrosaurus, Lambeosaurinae, Saurolophinae, and Kritosaurus (including Gryposaurus).[9] It was not until 2014 that Albert Prieto-Márquez officially defined and diagnosed Kritosaurini as the most exclusive clade of hadrosaurids containing Kritosaurus navajovius, Gryposaurus notabilis, and Naashoibitosaurus ostromi.[10]

In 2022, Rozadilla et al. described Huallasaurus and Kelumapusaura, two new genera similar to kritosaurins. In their study, they analyzed the relationships of the Kritosaurini and Hadrosauridae as a whole.[11] In a study the following year, Alarcón-Muñoz et al. implemented an updated version of the phylogenetic matrix of Rozadilla et al, proposing the name Austrokritosauria for the clade of entirely South American saurolophines closely related to kritosaurins. The results of their phylogenetic analyses of Saurolophinae are displayed in the cladogram below.[12]

Saurolophinae

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Holtz, T. R. (2011). "Dinosaurs: The Most Complete, Up-to-Date Encyclopedia for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages, Winter 2011 Appendix" (PDF). Retrieved January 13, 2012.
  2. ^ Brown, Barnum (1910). "The Cretaceous Ojo Alamo beds of New Mexico with description of the new dinosaur genus Kritosaurus". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 28 (24): 267–274. hdl:2246/1398. Archived from the original on 2014-10-06. Retrieved 2017-10-13.
  3. ^ Lambe, Lawrence M. (1914). "On Gryposaurus notabilis, a new genus and species of trachodont dinosaur from the Belly River Formation of Alberta, with a description of the skull of Chasmosaurus belli". The Ottawa Naturalist. 27 (11): 145–155.
  4. ^ Brown, Barnum (1914). "Cretaceous Eocene correlation in New Mexico, Wyoming, Montana, Alberta". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 25 (1): 355–380. Bibcode:1914GSAB...25..355B. doi:10.1130/gsab-25-355.
  5. ^ Gilmore, Charles W. (1916). "Contributions to the geology and paleontology of San Juan County, New Mexico. 2. Vertebrate faunas of the Ojo Alamo, Kirtland and Fruitland Formations". United States Geological Survey Professional Paper. 98-Q: 279–302.
  6. ^ Weishampel, David B.; Horner, Jack R. (1990). "Hadrosauridae". In Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; Osmólska Halszka (eds.). The Dinosauria (1st ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 534–561. ISBN 978-0-520-06727-1.
  7. ^ Hunt, Adrian P.; Lucas, Spencer G. (1993). "Cretaceous vertebrates of New Mexico". In Lucas, S.G.; Zidek, J. (eds.). Dinosaurs of New Mexico. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin, 2. Albuquerque, New Mexico: New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science. pp. 77–91.
  8. ^ Brett-Surman, M. K. (1979). "Phylogeny and palaeobiogeography of hadrosaurian dinosaurs". Nature. 277 (5697): 560–562. Bibcode:1979Natur.277..560B. doi:10.1038/277560a0. S2CID 4332144.
  9. ^ a b Brett-Surman, Michael Keith. (1989). "A revision of the Hadrosauridae (Reptilia: Ornithischia) and their evolution during the Campanian and Maastrichtian". Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of the George Washington University.
  10. ^ Prieto-Márquez, A. (2014). "Skeletal morphology of Kritosaurus navajovius (Dinosauria: Hadrosauridae) from the Late Cretaceous of the North American south-west, with an evaluation of the phylogenetic systematics and biogeography of Kritosaurini". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 12 (2): 133–175. doi:10.1080/14772019.2013.770417. S2CID 84942579.
  11. ^ Rozadilla, Sebastián; Brissón-Egli, Federico; Agnolín, Federico Lisandro; Aranciaga-Rolando, Alexis Mauro; Novas, Fernando Emilio (2022-02-24). "A new hadrosaurid (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Late Cretaceous of northern Patagonia and the radiation of South American hadrosaurids". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 19 (17): 1207–1235. doi:10.1080/14772019.2021.2020917. ISSN 1477-2019. S2CID 247122005.
  12. ^ Alarcón-Muñoz, Jhonatan; Vargas, Alexander O.; Püschel, Hans P.; Soto-Acuña, Sergio; Manríquez, Leslie; Leppe, Marcelo; Kaluza, Jonatan; Milla, Verónica; Gutstein, Carolina S.; Palma-Liberona, José; Stinnesbeck, Wolfgang; Frey, Eberhard; Pino, Juan Pablo; Bajor, Dániel; Núñez, Elaine; Ortiz, Héctor; Rubilar-Rogers, David; Cruzado-Caballero, Penélope (2023-06-16). "Relict duck-billed dinosaurs survived into the last age of the dinosaurs in subantarctic Chile". Science Advances. 9 (24). doi:10.1126/sciadv.adg2456. ISSN 2375-2548. PMC 10275600.