List of plant orders

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This article lists the living orders of the Viridiplantae, based primarily on the work of Ruggiero et al. 2015.[1] Living order of Lycophytes and ferns are taken from Christenhusz et al. 2011b[2] and Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group.[3] Living orders of Gymnosperms are added from Christenhusz et al. 2011a[4] while extinct orders are from Anderson, Anderson & Cleal 2007.[5]

Division Prasinodermophyta[edit]

Class Prasinodermophyceae[edit]

Class Palmophyllophyceae[edit]

Division Chlorophyta[edit]

Subdivision Prasinophytina[edit]

Class Mamiellophyceae[edit]

Class Pyramimonadophyceae[edit]

Subdivision Chlorophytina[edit]

Class Nephroselmidophyceae[edit]

Class Picocystophyceae[edit]

Class Chloropicophyceae[edit]

Class Pedinophyceae[edit]

Class Chlorodendrophyceae[edit]

Class Trebouxiophyceae[edit]

Class Ulvophyceae[edit]

Class Chlorophyceae[edit]

Division Streptophyta[edit]

Subdivision Chlorokybophytina[edit]

Class Mesostigmatophyceae[edit]

Class Chlorokybophyceae[edit]

Subdivision Klebsormidiophyinta[edit]

Class Klebsormidiophyceae[edit]

Subdivision Charophytina[edit]

Class Charophyceae[edit]

Subdivision Coleochaetophytina[edit]

Class Coleochaetophyceae[edit]

Subdivision Zygnematophytina[edit]

Class Zygnematophyceae[edit]

Subdivision Anthocerotophytina[7][edit]

Class Leiosporocerotopsida[edit]

Class Anthocerotopsida[edit]

Subdivision Marchantiophytina[7][edit]

Class Haplomitriopsida[edit]

Class Marchantiopsida[edit]

Class Jungermanniopsida[edit]

Subdivision Bryophytina[8][edit]

Class Takakiopsida[edit]

Class Sphagnopsida[edit]

Class Andreaeobryopsida[edit]

Class Andreaeopsida[edit]

Class Oedipodiopsida[edit]

Class Tetraphidopsida[edit]

Class Polytrichopsida[edit]

Class Bryopsida[edit]

Clade †Horneophytina[edit]

Class †Horneophytopsida[edit]

Subdivision Tracheophytina[9][edit]

Class †Cooksoniopsida[edit]

Class †Rhyniopsida[edit]

Clade †Zosterophyllophyta[edit]

Class Lycopodiopsida[edit]

Class †Eophyllophytopsida[edit]

Class †Trimerophytopsida[edit]

Clade Pteridophyta[edit]

Class †Noeggerathiopsida[edit]

Class †Aneurophytopsida[edit]

Class †Archaeopteridopsida[edit]

Incertae sedis[edit]

Clade Spermatophyta[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Ruggiero MA, Gordon DP, Orrell TM, Bailly N, Bourgoin T, Brusca RC, et al. (2015). "A higher level classification of all living organisms". PLOS ONE. 10 (4): e0119248. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1019248R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0119248. PMC 4418965. PMID 25923521.
  2. ^ Christenhusz, Maarten J. M.; Zhang, Xian-Chun; Schneider, Harald (2011). "A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns" (PDF). Phytotaxa. 19: 7–54. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.2.
  3. ^ Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group (November 2016). "A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 54 (6): 563–603. doi:10.1111/jse.12229. S2CID 39980610.
  4. ^ Christenhusz, Maarten J. M.; Reveal, James L.; Farjon, Aljos; Gardner, Martin F.; Mill, R.R.; Chase, Mark W. (2011). "A new classification and linear sequence of extant gymnosperms" (PDF). Phytotaxa. 19: 55–70. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.3.
  5. ^ Anderson; Anderson; Cleal (2007). "Brief history of the gymnosperms: classification, biodiversity, phytogeography and ecology". Strelitzia. 20. SANBI: 280. ISBN 978-1-919976-39-6.
  6. ^ Linzhou Li; Sibo Wang; Hongli Wang; Sunil Kumar Sahu; Birger Marin; Haoyuan Li; Yan Xu; Hongping Liang; Zhen Li; Shifeng Chen; Tanja Reder; Zehra Çebi; Sebastian Wittek; Morten Petersen; Barbara Melkonian; Hongli Du; Huanming Yang; Jian Wang; Gane Ka-Shu Wong; Xun Xu; Xin Liu; Yves Van de Peer; Michael Melkonian; Huan Liu (22 June 2020). "The genome of Prasinoderma coloniale unveils the existence of a third phylum within green plants". Nature Ecology & Evolution. 4 (9): 1220–1231. doi:10.1038/s41559-020-1221-7. PMC 7455551. PMID 32572216.
  7. ^ a b Söderström; et al. (2016). "World checklist of hornworts and liverworts". PhytoKeys (59): 1–826. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.59.6261. PMC 4758082. PMID 26929706.
  8. ^ Goffinet, B.; Buck, W.R. "Classification of extant moss genera". Classification of the Bryophyta. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
  9. ^ Novíkov; Barabaš-Krasni (2015). Modern plant systematics. Liga-Pres. p. 685. doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.4745.6164. ISBN 978-966-397-276-3.
  10. ^ Hao, Shougang & Xue, Jinzhuang (2013), The early Devonian Posongchong flora of Yunnan: a contribution to an understanding of the evolution and early diversification of vascular plants, Beijing: Science Press, p. 366, ISBN 978-7-03-036616-0, retrieved 2019-10-25
  11. ^ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016), "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 181 (1): 1–20, doi:10.1111/boj.12385
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