List of sovereign states in the 1880s
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This is a list of sovereign states in the 1880s, giving an overview of states around the world during the period between 1 January 1880 and 31 December 1889. It contains entries, arranged alphabetically, with information on the status and recognition of their sovereignty. It includes widely recognized sovereign states, entities which were de facto sovereign but which were not widely recognized by other states, and 1 state which was initially unrecognized but then gained full recognition later in the decade.
Sovereign states[edit]
Name and capital city | Information on status and recognition of sovereignty | |
---|---|---|
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A[edit] | ||
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Abuja – Abuja Emirate Capital: Abuja |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
Agadez – Tenere Sultanate of Aïr[1] Capital: Agadez |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Andorra la Vella |
Widely recognized independent state. The President of France and Bishop of Urgell were ex officio Co-Princes of Andorra. The defense of Andorra was the responsibility of France and Spain. | |
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Angoche – Angoche Sultanate[3] Capital: Angoche | ||
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![]() Capital: Mbarara |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Buenos Aires | ||
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![]() Capital: Arochukwu |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Kumasi |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Aussa |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Vienna (Cisleithania), Budapest (Transleithania) |
Widely recognized state. | |
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B[edit] | ||
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Baguirmi – Kingdom of Baguirmi Capital: Massenya |
Tributary state of the Bornu Empire. | |
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![]() Capital: Klungkung |
Widely recognized state. Bali was a series of kingdoms that ruled the island of Bali. | |
| ||
Baol – Kingdom of Baol[8] Capital: Diourbel |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Mongu |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Brussels |
Widely recognized state. Belgium has sovereignty over 1 corporatocracy and 1 condominium:
| |
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![]() Capital: Edo |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
Bhutan – Kingdom of Bhutan Capital: Punakha |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
Biu – Biu Kingdom Capital: Biu |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Sucre (official), La Paz (administrative) |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Nunue, Vaitape |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Ngazargamu |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Brakna – Brakna Emirate Capital: Aleg |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Rio de Janeiro
|
Brazil was a federation of 20 states and one federal district.[a] | |
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![]() Capital: Kampong Ayer |
Widely recognized state to 1888. Annexed by the United Kingdom on 1888. | |
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![]() Capital: Mengo |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Sofia |
De facto independent, and de jure vassal state under the suzerainty of the Ottoman Empire. | |
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![]() Capital: Tanjung Palas |
Widely recognized state to 1880. Vassal state of Sulu to 1880. Annexed by the Netherlands on 1880. | |
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![]() Capital: Hoima |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Mandalay |
Widely recognized state to 1885. Annexed by the United Kingdom in 1885. | |
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Burundi – Kingdom of Burundi Capital: Gitega |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Bugembe |
Widely recognized state. | |
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C[edit] | ||
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![]() Capital: Ottawa |
Widely recognized state. Commonwealth realm. | |
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![]() Capital: Champasak |
Widely recognized state. Vassal state of Siam. | |
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![]() Capital: Santiago |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() ![]() Capital: Beijing |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
Chokwe – Chokwe Kingdom Capital: Not specified |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Bogota
|
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Boma
|
Sovereignty recognized on 8 November 1884. Widely recognized state from 1 July 1885. | |
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![]() Capital: San Jose |
Widely recognized state. | |
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D[edit] | ||
| ||
Dagbon – Kingdom of Dagbon Capital: Yendi |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Abomey |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Phú Xuân |
Widely recognized state to 25 August 1883. Tributary state of China to 25 August 1883. Annexed by France on 25 August 1883. | |
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Dar al Kuti – Sultanate of Dar Al Kuti[20] Capital: N'Délé |
Widely recognized state. Vassal state of Dar Runga. | |
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![]() Capital: Copenhagen |
Widely recognized state. Denmark had sovereignty over the following overseas territories:
| |
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![]() Capital: Dhale |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Santo Domingo |
Widely recognized state. | |
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E[edit] | ||
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![]() Capital: Quito |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: San Salvador |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Addis Ababa |
Widely recognized state. | |
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F[edit] | ||
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![]() Capital: Shuqrah |
Widely recognized state to 1888. | |
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![]() Capital: Paris |
Widely recognized independent state. France had sovereignty over the following overseas territories:
| |
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![]() Capital: Timbo |
Widely recognized state. | |
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G[edit] | ||
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Garo – Kingdom of Garo (to 1883) Capital: Not specified |
Widely recognized state to 1883. Annexed by Jimma in 1883. | |
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Gaza – Gaza Empire[22] Capital: Manjacaze |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
Geledi – Sultanate of the Geledi Capital: Afgooye |
Widely recognized state. | |
| ||
Gera – Kingdom of Gera (to 1887) Capital: Chala |
Widely recognized state to 1887. Annexed by the Ethiopian Empire in 1887. | |
| ||
![]() Capital: Berlin |
Widely recognized independent state. Germany had sovereignty over the following overseas territories:
| |
| ||
Gomma – Kingdom of Gomma (to 1886) Capital: Agaro |
Widely recognized state to 1886. Annexed by the Ethiopian Empire in 1886. | |
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![]() Capital: Jongaya |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Athens |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Guatemala City |
Widely recognized state. | |
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Gumma – Kingdom of Gumma (to 1885) Capital: Not specified |
Widely recognized state to 1885. Annexed by the Ethiopian Empire in 1885. | |
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Gyaaman – State of Gyaaman Capital: Sampa, Drobo |
Widely recognized state. | |
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H[edit] | ||
|
||
![]() Capital: Ha'il |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Port-au-Prince |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() ![]() Capital: Ge |
Subject of the Khedivate of Egypt to 1884. Widely recognized state from 1884 to 1887. | |
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![]() Capital: Honolulu |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Tegucigalpa |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Huahine |
Widely recognized state. | |
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![]() Capital: Baltit |
Widely recognized state. | |
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I[edit] | ||
|
||
Igala – Igala Kingdom Capital: Idah |
Widely recognized state. | |
|
||
Igara – Kingdom of Igara
Capital: Not specified |
Widely recognized state. | |
|
||
Ilé-Ifẹ̀ – Ilé-Ifẹ̀ Kingdom Capital: Ilé-Ifẹ̀ |
Widely recognized state. | |
|
||
![]() Capital: Hargeisa |
Widely recognized state to 1884. Annexed by the United Kingdom in 1884 | |
|
||
![]() Capital: Rome |
Widely recognized independent state. Italy had sovereignty over the following overseas territories:
|
|
|
J[edit]
- Janjero – Kingdom of Janjero
Japan – Empire of Japan
- Jimma – Kingdom of Jimma (to 1884)
Johor – Sultanate of Johor (to December 11, 1885)
- Jolof – Jolof Kingdom (to 1889)
K[edit]
- Kaffa – Kingdom of Kaffa
- Kajara – Kajara Kingdom
Kakongo – Kingdom of Kakongo (to 1885)
Kano – Emirate of Kano
- Kasanje – Jaga Kingdom
- Kathiri
- Kénédougou – Kénédougou Kingdom
- Khasso – Kingdom of Khasso (to 1880)
- Kong – Kong Empire
Kongo – Kingdom of Kongo
→
→
→
→
→
→
Korea – Kingdom of Great Joseon
- Koya Temne – Kingdom of Koya
- Kuba – Kingdom of Kuba (to 1884)
L[edit]
- Lafia Beri-Beri – Lafia Beri-Beri Kingdom
Liberia – Republic of Liberia
Liechtenstein – Principality of Liechtenstein
- Limmu-Ennarea – Kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea
Loango – Kingdom of Loango (to 1883)
Lower Yafa – Sultanate of Lower Yafa
- Luba – Luba Empire (to 1889)
- Lunda – Lunda Empire (to 1887)
Luxembourg – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
M[edit]
Maguindanao – Sultanate of Maguindanao
- Mahra
- Majeerteen Sultanate
Maldives – Sultanate of Maldives (to 1887)
Mangareva – Kingdom of Mangareva (to February 21, 1881)
- Manipur – Kingdom of Manipur
- Maravi – Kingdom of Maravi
- Matabeleland – Matabele Kingdom
- Mbunda – Mbunda Kingdom
Merina – Kingdom of Imerina
Mexico – United Mexican States
Monaco – Principality of Monaco
Montenegro – Principality of Montenegro
Moresnet – Neutral Moresnet
Morocco – Sultanate of Morocco
- Mossi Kingdoms – Mossi Empire
- Mthwakazi – Kingdom of Mthwakazi
Muscat and Oman – Sultanate of Muscat and Oman
- Mutayr – Emirate of Mutayr
N[edit]
Negeri Sembilan – Negeri Sembilan
Nepal – Kingdom of Nepal
Netherlands – Kingdom of The Netherlands
→
Nicaragua – Republic of Nicaragua
Norway → Sweden and Norway
O[edit]
Orange Free State
Ottoman Empire – Sublime Ottoman State
- Oyo – Oyo Empire
P[edit]
Pahang – Sultanate of Pahang (to 1888)
Paraguay – Republic of Paraguay
Persia – Sublime State of Persia
Peru – Peruvian Republic
Portugal – Kingdom of Portugal
Q[edit]
Qu'aiti – Qu'aiti Sultanate of Shihr and Mukalla (to 1888)
R[edit]
→
Raiatea – Kingdom of Raiatea (to 19 March 1888)
Rapa Nui – Kingdom of Rapa Nui (to September 9, 1888)
Rarotonga – Kingdom of Rarotonga (to 1888)
- Red Nation
Romania
- United Principalities of Romania (to March 15, 1881)
- Kingdom of Romania (from March 15, 1881)
→
Russia – Russian Empire
- Rwanda – Kingdom of Rwanda (to 1885)
S[edit]
- Samoa – Kingdom of Samoa
San Marino – Most Serene Republic of San Marino
Sarawak – Kingdom of Sarawak
Selangor – Sultanate of Selangor
→
Serbia
- Principality of Serbia (to March 6, 1882)
- Kingdom of Serbia (from March 6, 1882)
Setul Mambang Segara – Kingdom of Setul Mambang Segara
Siam – Kingdom of Siam
Sokoto – Sokoto Caliphate
Spain – Kingdom of Spain
Sulu – Sultanate of Sulu
Sweden → Sweden and Norway
Sweden and Norway – United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway
Switzerland – Swiss Confederation
T[edit]
- Tagant – Emirate of Tagant
Tahiti – Kingdom of Tahiti (to June 29, 1880)
Tonga – Kingdom of Tonga
- Toucouleur – Toucouleur Empire
- Trarza – Emirate of Trarza
Tunis – Beylik of Tunis
U[edit]
United Kingdom – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
United States – United States of America
- Upper Aulaqi Sultanate
- Upper Aulaqi Sheikhdom
Upper Yafa – State of Upper Yafa
Uruguay – Eastern Republic of Uruguay
V[edit]
W[edit]
- Wadai – Wadai Empire
- Wahidi Balhaf
- Wahidi Haban
- Wajoq
Wassoulou – Wassoulou Empire
- Welayta – Kingdom of Welayta
Y[edit]
- Yeke – Yeke Kingdom
Z[edit]
- Zabarma – Zabarma Emirate
Zanzibar – Sultanate of Zanzibar (to February 17, 1885)
Zululand – Kingdom of Zulu (to 1887)
States claiming sovereignty[edit]
Aceh – Sultanate of Aceh
→
Counani – Republic of Independent Guiana
Cuba – Republic of Cuba
Franceville – Independent Commune of Franceville (from August 9, 1889)
Goshen – State of Goshen (from October 24, 1882, to August 6, 1883)
- Goust – Republic of Goust
Mindanao – Sultanate of Maguindanao
→
Stellaland – Republic of Stellaland (from July 26, 1882, to September 30, 1885)
Transvaal – South African Republic (from August 3, 1881)
Upingtonia – Republic of Upingtonia (from October 20, 1885, to June 1887)
Notes[edit]
- ^ 20 States: Alagoas, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceará, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Pará, Paraíba, Paraná, Pernambuco, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, São Paulo, Sergipe. 1 Federal District: Federal District.
References[edit]
- ^ James B. Minahan (2016). Encyclopedia of Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups around the World, 2nd Edition. ABC-CLIO. p. 418. ISBN 978-1-61069-954-9.
- ^ "Andorra", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, November 3, 2021, retrieved 2021-11-17
- ^ Syed, Muzaffar Husain; Akhtar, Syed Saud; Usmani, B. D. (14 September 2011). Concise History of Islam. New Delhi, India: Vij Books India Pvt Ltd. p. 162. ISBN 978-93-82573-47-0. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
- ^ Briggs, Philip; Roberts, Andrew (5 November 2016). Uganda. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 534. ISBN 9781784770228. Retrieved 29 December 2016.
- ^ "Argentina", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2021-11-16, retrieved 2021-11-19
- ^ "Asante empire". www.britannica.com. Retrieved December 1, 2021.
- ^ McCarthy, Justin (1880). A History of Our Own Times, from 1880 to the Diamond Jubilee. New York, United States of America: Harper & Brothers, Publishers. pp. 475–476.
- ^ Institut fondamental d'Afrique noire, Bulletin: Sciences humaines, Volume 38 (1976), pp. 452-458
- ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 424–425.
- ^ "Belgium", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2022-01-21, retrieved 2022-02-06
- ^ Bradbury, R. E. (16 August 2018), "Continuities and Discontinuities in Pre-colonial and Colonial Benin Politics (1897–1951)", Benin Studies, Routledge, pp. 76–128, doi:10.4324/9781351031264-4, ISBN 978-1-351-03126-4, S2CID 159119713, retrieved 27 January 2023
- ^ "Bora-Bora". Britannica. Retrieved March 6, 2022.
- ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 265.
- ^ Hudson, Rex A. Brazil: A Country Study. Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress, 1997, pg.22
- ^ Pearson, Raymond (25 September 2014). The Longman Companion to European Nationalism 1789–1920. Routledge. ISBN 9781317897774. Retrieved 15 October 2017 – via Google Books.
- ^ Ni, Lee Bih (2013). Brief History of Myanmar and Thailand. Universiti Malaysi Sabah. p. 7. ISBN 9781229124791.
- ^ Murdoch, John B. (1974). "The 1901-1902 Holy Man's Rebellion" (PDF). Journal of the Siam Society. JSS Vol.62.1 (digital image). Siam Heritage Trust: 2–9. Archived from the original (free) on July 13, 2018. Retrieved April 2, 2013.
Furthest afield were Vientiane and Bassac....
- ^ "República Liberal - Memoria Chilena, Biblioteca Nacional de Chile". www.memoriachilena.gob.cl.
- ^ Newbury, C. W. (1959). "A Note on the Abomey Protectorate". Africa. 29 (2): 146–155. doi:10.2307/1157517. JSTOR 1157517. S2CID 145105979.
- ^ Garbou, Henri (1912). "La région du Tchad et du Oudaï; études ethnographiques, dialecte Toubou". Bulletin de Correspondence Africaine. XLVII1.
- ^ Aitchison, G (1931). A Collection Of Treaties, Engagements And Sanads Relating To India And Neighbouring Countries. Vol. xi. Government of India. pp. 7–9.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 544–545.
- ^ Heinl, Robert (1996). Written in Blood: The Story of the Haitian People, 1492–1995. Lantham, Maryland: University Press of America. p. 791.