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Melchiorre Cafà

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Melchiorre Cafà
Melchiorre Gafà
Born1636
Died4 September 1667 (aged 31)
Cause of deathWork accident
Resting placeSan Biagio della Pagnotta, Rome
NationalityMaltese
OccupationSculptor
StyleBaroque
Parents
  • Marco Gafà (father)
  • Veronica Gafà (mother)
RelativesLorenzo Gafà (brother)

Melchiorre Cafà (1636–1667), born Melchiorre Gafà and also known as Caffà, Gafa, Gaffar or Gafar,[a] was a Maltese Baroque sculptor. Cafà began a promising career in Rome but this was cut short by his premature death following a work accident. He was the older brother of the architect Lorenzo Gafà.

Biography

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Ecstasy of Saint Catherine

Cafà was born in Vittoriosa, Malta, and given the name Marcello at his baptism on 21 January 1636. After his move to Rome in 1658 or shortly after, he was most frequently referred to as Melchior (or Melchiorre) Maltese. His brother Lorenzo Gafà was one of the leading architects in Malta.

Cafà was already an accomplished sculptor when he came to Rome and entered the workshop of Ercole Ferrata, who was not strictly speaking his teacher although he probably helped him refining his technique. Despite soon attracting his own commissions, he stayed in close contact with Ferrata and collaborated with him.

In 1660 Cafà signed his first independent contract with Prince Camillo Pamphilj for the relief of the Martyrdom of Saint Eustace in Sant'Agnese in Agone. In 1662 he became a member of the Accademia di San Luca and was even elected its principal in 1667, but declined the honor. Reportedly, he was a close friend of the painter Giovanni Battista Gaulli. Cafà died on the 4 September 1667 after some material collapsed on him in the foundry of Saint Peter's while he was working on the altar decoration for Saint John's Co-Cathedral in Valletta.[b]

There is no monument or plaque in his honour in his home city of Vittoriosa, Malta. However, the Maltese Post Office issued several stamps with Cafà's sculptures as motives.[1]

Works

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Martyrdom of Saint Eustace

Extremely busy throughout his short life, he only managed to finish a few major commissions himself:

A number of Cafà terracottas are in the Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg, MUŻA (previously the National Museum of Fine Arts) in Valletta, the Museo di Palazzo Venezia in Rome, the Fogg Museum at Harvard University, Massachusetts, and the Museo di Roma. There are various wax reliefs and sculptures by Cafà in Malta: the Valletta Museum has sketches of martyrs, and models for the statues in the colonnade in Saint Peter's Square in Rome. Notably, MUŻA houses the etching Charity of St Thomas of Villanova[7] and a bronze statuette of Saint Rose of Lima, which is a smaller copy of the statue of the dying Saint Rose of Lima that Cafà himself had created in marble.[2][4] Four reliefs were recently discovered in the Cathedral of Mdina representing the Nativity, the Adoration of the shepherds, the Annunciation and the Glory of St. Rose of Lima.[8]

Most unfinished works were completed by Ercole Ferrata, e.g.:

  • Martyrdom of Saint Eustace in Sant'Agnese in Agone, Rome (1660–69). Cafà's terracotta is in the Museo di Palazzo Venezia in Rome. In 2014, Vella published his discovery of a wax bozzetto by Cafà for this marble relief.[5]
  • Saint Thomas of Villanova distributing alms in the church of Sant'Agostino in Rome (1663–69). Cafà's terracotta is housed in MUŻA in Valletta.[7]
  • Marble statue of Pope Alexander III in the Duomo in Siena (from 1665/66).
  • Marble statue of Saint Paul in St. Paul's Grotto, Rabat, Malta (1666–69).

Notes

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  1. ^ After a long period of various spellings, international scholars of Italian baroque sculpture finally agreed on the spelling Cafà, which he himself used when signing works; cf. the book by Sciberras cited below.
  2. ^ This was eventually executed decades later and after a new design by Cafà's most distinguished (and according to contemporary sources his only) pupil Giuseppe Mazzuoli.

References

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  1. ^ Examples here[permanent dead link]
  2. ^ a b Vassallo, Alvin (15 February 2020). "Melchiorre Cafà's statuette added to Heritage Malta national collection". TVM News. Retrieved 4 August 2022.
  3. ^ "Melchiorre Cafà and his Golden Rose". Times of Malta. 11 February 2020. Retrieved 4 August 2022.
  4. ^ a b "Heritage Malta acquires Melchiorre Cafà's 'St Rose of Lima'". independent.com.mt. 22 November 2019. Retrieved 4 August 2022.
  5. ^ a b Edgar Vella, New Cafà bozzetto discovered, in: Times of Malta, 23 November 2014.
  6. ^ "Parish of Santa Maria in Portico in Campitelli".
  7. ^ a b "Charity of St Thomas of Villanova". Europeana. Retrieved 4 August 2022.
  8. ^ George Cini (1 December 2010). "Four wax reliefs by Melchiorre Cafà discovered in Mdina". Times of Malta. Retrieved 5 December 2010.

Sources

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  • Rudolf Preimesberger, in: Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, vol. 16, 1973, pp. 230–235 (in Italian)
  • Gerhard Bissell, in: Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon, vol. 15, 1997, pp. 493–495 (in German)
  • Keith Sciberras (Ed.), Melchiorre Cafà. Maltese Genius of the Roman Baroque, Valletta 2006 (individual entries in English or Italian)
  • Sante Guido, Giuseppe Mantella, Melchiorre Cafà insigne modellatore. La Natività, l'Adorazione dei pastori e altre opere in cera, Soveria Mannelli (CZ) 2010 (in Italian)
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