Jump to content

Paul Whelan

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For other people named Paul Whelan, see Paul Whelan (disambiguation).

Paul Whelan
Whelan in 2024
Born
Paul Nicholas Whelan[1]

(1970-03-05) March 5, 1970 (age 54)
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Citizenship
  • Canada
  • Ireland
  • United Kingdom
  • United States
Detainment
CountryRussia
DetainedDecember 28, 2018
ConvictionEspionage
Sentence16 years in prison
Time held5 years, 10 months and 24 days
ReleasedAugust 1, 2024
Military career
AllegianceUnited States
BranchUnited States Marine Corps
Years of service1994–2008
RankCorporal
Battles / warsIraq War

Paul Nicholas Whelan (born March 5, 1970) is a Canadian-born former United States Marine with U.S., British, Irish, and Canadian citizenship.[2][3] Whelan left the Marines in 2008 with a bad conduct discharge after being convicted on multiple counts "related to larceny".

He was arrested in Russia on December 28, 2018, and accused of spying. On June 15, 2020, he received a 16-year prison sentence. He was released in a United States–Russia prisoner swap in Ankara, Turkey, on August 1, 2024.

Early life

[edit]

Whelan was born on March 5, 1970,[4] in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada,[5] to British parents with Irish heritage.[3][6] He was raised partly in the Ann Arbor area of Michigan where he and his twin brother David graduated from Huron High School in 1988.[7] In addition to his twin brother, Paul Whelan has a brother, Andrew, and a sister, Elizabeth.[4] He said in a deposition in 2013 that he holds a bachelor's degree in criminal justice and an MBA degree.[8] He took courses at Northern Michigan University from fall 1988 to fall 1990 without earning a degree.[9]

Career

[edit]
Whelan in The Marine Corps

According to Whelan, he entered the law enforcement profession in 1988, the same year he graduated high school. He stayed in this profession through the 1990s, as a police officer in Chelsea, Michigan, and a sheriff's deputy in Washtenaw County.[10] The Chelsea Police, however, said he worked in lesser roles and as a part-time officer from 1990 to 1996, while the Washtenaw County sheriff reported no record of his employment.[10] A former colleague said he was a patrol officer from 1998 to 2000 in the Keego Harbor police department.[10] During this period, in 1994, Whelan enlisted in the Marine Corps Reserve.[10]

He became an IT manager for the Kelly Services staffing company from 2001[11] to 2003, and then 2008 to 2010. From 2010 to 2016, Whelan was promoted to Kelly Services' senior manager of global security and operations.[11]

He took military leave from Kelly Services to serve with the Marine Corps Reserve from 2003 to 2008, including service in Iraq. He held the rank of staff sergeant with Marine Air Control Group 38, working as an administrative clerk and administrative chief, and was part of Operation Iraqi Freedom.[11] After a court-martial conviction in January 2008 on multiple counts "related to larceny", he was sentenced to 60 days restriction, reduction to pay grade E-4, and a bad conduct discharge.[12][13] The specific charges against him included "attempted larceny, three specifications of dereliction of duty, making a false official statement, wrongfully using another's social security number, and ten specifications of making and uttering[a] checks without having sufficient funds in his account for payment."[15]

When arrested in Russia, Whelan was director of global security and investigations for BorgWarner, an international automotive parts manufacturer based in Michigan.[11][16][17] His work with Kelly Services and BorgWarner gave Whelan contacts with the U.S. intelligence community, federal agents and foreign embassies.[18]

Whelan traveled to Russia several times from 2006 and maintained an intermittent presence on a Russian-language social media website, VKontakte (VK), where he had approximately 70 contacts. He has studied Russian but communicated online using Google Translate.[3][9] Whelan supported Donald Trump in the 2016 U.S. presidential election; following Trump's victory, he posted in Russian Президент Трyмп Вперед!! ("President Trump Onward!!").[19][b]

Arrest in Russia

[edit]

On December 28, 2018, Whelan was arrested in the Moscow area by Russia's Federal Security Service (FSB), which later confirmed his arrest.[20][21][22] Whelan's twin brother David said Whelan arrived in Moscow on December 22 to attend the wedding of a fellow former Marine at the Hotel Metropol Moscow and to assist the groom's family members on their first visit to Russia, a country he had visited many times. He said his brother planned to return to Michigan on January 6, 2019, via Saint Petersburg.[7] David said his brother entered Russia using his U.S. passport[4] and had not been in contact with his family.[23]

The BBC cited family members of Whelan, who said Whelan had previously bragged about knowing an agent of the FSB, and was privy to an unusual number of personal details about his friend, including which intelligence training school he attended.[24] Whelan said the man was one of his oldest friends in Russia and that he had visited this man's house the winter before his arrest. Whelan also said he loaned his friend 80,000 Russian rubles ($1,147; £930), and claimed it was for the wedding. The FSB later said that the payment was for intelligence.[25][c]

According to Whelan, his long-time friend framed him by appearing unexpectedly in the hotel, followed by authorities, who later arrested him.[28] According to attorneys for Whelan, they could not provide the name of Whelan's Russian friend due to Russian secrecy rules, but Whelan's family identified the person as Ilya Yatsenko, whom the Russian newspaper Kommersant described as a major in the FSB's Department "K", which monitors Russian economic crimes.[29][30][31]

Criminal charges

[edit]

Whelan was formally charged on January 3, 2019.[23] According to the Russian news agency Rosbalt [ru], Whelan was apprehended in his hotel room at the Metropol Hotel while concluding a long outing with a Russian citizen, who handed him a USB flash drive containing "a list of all the employees at a classified security agency". The independent Latvian-based publication Meduza reported that the wedding attendees all banded close together for the duration of the holiday, and were taken aback by Whelan's decision to spend the day alone.[32]

Whelan was held for trial in Moscow's Lefortovo Prison,[9][d] where as of March 2019, he shared a cell with a prisoner who spoke no English.[34]

Former CIA officers have stated that the CIA would not recruit an officer with Whelan's military record, nor leave an officer exposed without a diplomatic passport.[9] They further claim that Whelan's arrest is connected to tensions between Russia and the United States, including the detention of confessed unregistered foreign agent Maria Butina.[35][36] On December 20, 2018, when discussing Butina's arrest, Russian President Vladimir Putin stated that Russia "will not arrest innocent people simply to exchange them".[1]

U.S. Ambassador to Russia Jon Huntsman Jr. met with Whelan on January 2, 2019, while Whelan was in Russian custody.[37] He told Whelan's family that Paul was "in good health and good spirits", but that the family needed to supply all his incidental needs aside from basic foodstuffs.[4][e] U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said: "We've made clear to the Russians our expectation that we will learn more about the charges, come to understand what it is he's been accused of and if the detention is not appropriate, we will demand his immediate return."[38] On January 4, 2019, British Foreign Secretary Jeremy Hunt said: "We don't agree with individuals being used in diplomatic chess games... We are all extremely worried about him and his family."[23] As of January 4, British and Irish consular officials were seeking access to Whelan.[39]

On January 3, 2019, Whelan's attorney, Vladimir Zherebenko,[f] said he was seeking his release on bail. He said a trial would not begin for at least six months, and that he would welcome an exchange of Whelan for Butina.[41] He said: "I presume that he is innocent because, for now, I haven't seen any evidence against him that would prove otherwise."[9] A few weeks later, Zherebenkov said Whelan had been unaware of the contents of the USB drive and believed it contained material solely of personal value such as "photographs, videos, anything at all, about his previous holiday in Russia."[42]

On January 5, 2019, the Russian Foreign Ministry said that on the day after Whelan's arrest the United States had detained a Russian citizen, Dmitry Makarenko (born 1979), in the Northern Marianas and transported him to Florida to face charges of unauthorized export of defense equipment.[43][g]

Conviction and sentencing

[edit]

On June 15, 2020, Whelan was convicted and sentenced to 16 years in a Russian prison for espionage by a court in Moscow.[53][54] His lawyers said they believed Russia would now seek a prisoner swap. Whelan said in court that the case was a sham to use him to influence the United States: "We have proven my innocence... we have proven fabrication. This is slimy, greasy corrupt Russian politics, nothing more, nothing less."[29][55]

Whelan was initially held at the Correctional Colony No. 18 under supervision of the Russian Federation's Federal Penitentiary Service.[56] As of December 2020 he was held in a high-security prison, IK-17, eight hours drive southeast of Moscow.[57]

Campaign for release

[edit]

Family members said Whelan had been told that he had been arrested to be exchanged for a Russian prisoner in the United States, mentioning Konstantin Yaroshenko (who was released in return for American Trevor Reed), Viktor Bout, or Roman Seleznev.[58] On July 27, 2022, it was announced that President Joe Biden had offered a trade for Whelan and WNBA player Brittney Griner, who was arrested in Russia in February on drug charges, in exchange for convicted arms dealer Viktor Bout, nicknamed "The Merchant of Death".[59] The Russian side insisted on the additional release of Vadim Krasikov, an assassin serving a life sentence for murder in Germany.[60] The Russian position was that Whelan was an agent and so required an exchange of comparable value such as Krasikov.[61] Griner and Bout were, according to Russia's view, just considered criminals and so were of lesser value.[62] After negotiations, only Griner was exchanged for Bout on December 8, 2022, as the Kremlin had refused to release Whelan and posed an ultimatum to the Biden administration of freeing Griner or no one.[63]

Whelan's brother David Whelan approved of the decision to "make the deal that was possible, rather than waiting for one that wasn't going to happen."[64]

On May 4, 2023, U.S. Ambassador to Russia Lynne Tracy visited Whelan in the remote Russian penal colony where he was being held.[65] On August 16, 2023, Secretary of State Antony Blinken spoke with Whelan on the phone and told him to "keep the faith and we're doing everything we can to bring you home as soon as possible."[66] On November 28, 2023, David Whelan discussed in an email to supporters that Paul had stated he was assaulted during his time at the camp; he was punched in the face by another inmate while working at a sewing table. Whelan's glasses were broken during the assault, which David speculated may have been motivated by "anti-American sentiment [which] is not uncommon among other prisoners."[67]

According to an inmate, Whelan received a lot of mail in prison, including a letter reportedly from Julian Assange.[68]

Release

[edit]
Main article: 2024 Ankara prisoner exchange
The first photo of Americans Evan Gershkovich, Alsu Kurmasheva, and Paul Whelan on August 1, 2024.

Whelan's attorney reported losing contact with Whelan in late July 2024.[69]

On August 1, 2024, Whelan was released as part of a prisoner exchange at Ankara Esenboğa Airport.[70][71][72] David Whelan issued a statement thanking the press for persisting in covering his brother's story during the 2,043 days of his captivity. He asked his brother be allowed some privacy and declared his role as a spokesperson ended.[73] The Whelan twins' sister Elizabeth appeared alongside President Joe Biden in the Oval Office that day and spoke to Paul Whelan as he and others released prepared to leave Ankara.[74] Greeting Paul Whelan on the tarmac at Joint Base Andrews, Biden removed the American flag pin from his lapel and pinned it on Whelan's jacket.[75]

Personal life

[edit]

Whelan is a citizen of Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Ireland.[76][77] His twin brother David ascribed Paul's acquisition of the multiple nationalities to "probably a genealogical interest as much as anything."[4][h]

Whelan lived in Novi, Michigan, prior to detainment in Russia.[78]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ The word "uttering" is a legal term that refers to the crime of "unlawfully passing a forged document with intent to defraud".[14]
  2. ^ In this posting, he misspelled the President's name in Russian. The proper Russian spelling for Trump is Трамп.[19]
  3. ^ Unlike the BBC, one Russian-language report said authorities confiscated $80,000 from Whelan rather than 80,000 rubles worth about a thousand US dollars.[26] In support of 80,000 rubles as accurate, Whelan's brother David stated: "Paul had gotten some money out to pay for the wedding caterer, since the groom, Paul's Marine friend, had not realized he'd have to pay cash for the restaurant."[27]
  4. ^ Though he has been described as being held in "solitary confinement",[9] the prison's program for new prisoners is more complex than simple isolation and changes after the first ten days.[33]
  5. ^ "But even with food, we were told that we might want to give him extra money. He'll need to buy things like razors, toilet paper, soap, things that would be on-hand anywhere else."[4]
  6. ^ Zherebenko has worked on the high-profile international case of a Russian accused of drug trafficking.[40]
  7. ^ Florida resident Vladimir Nevidomy pleaded guilty in June 2018 to conspiracy with Makarenko and was sentenced to 26 months in prison.[43] In 2013, Nevidomy, who is a Ukraine-born naturalized United States citizen and was 32 years old at the time of sentencing, attempted to export ammunition primers, night vision rifle scopes, and thermal monoculars to Russia.[44] In the summer of 2013, Dmitry Rogozin, Konstantin Nikolaev, Alexander Tarasov, who is a representative of the Cyclone Institute and the son of Viktor Tarasov who is the owner of the Cyclone Institute, and Alexey Beseda, who is the son of Sergey Beseda, supported Russia's interests in attempting to obtain items for military uses with night vision and thermal optic devices.[45][46][47][48][49] In April 2013, Dmitry Ustinov, who was then 47 years old, was arrested in Lithuania for violating United States export laws by attempting to purchase night-vision equipment through eBay.[45][50][51][52]
  8. ^ "My grandfather came from Ireland to England and my father came from England to Canada, and that's where we were born. So we were eligible for British and Canadian citizenship because we were born in Canada to British parents. And then, the Irish changed the law in the early part of the century to allow grandchildren of Irish citizens to get Irish citizenship. So he just thought it's an opportunity to have that, so why not?"[4][39]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Macfahrquhar, Neil (December 31, 2018). "U.S. citizen arrested in Russia on spying charges". The Globe and Mail. New York Times News Service. Archived from the original on January 2, 2019. Retrieved January 3, 2019.
  2. ^ Stewart, Ian (January 5, 2019). "As American Sits In Moscow Jail, Russia Says U.S. Has Detained One Of Its Citizens". NPR. Archived from the original on January 5, 2019. Retrieved January 5, 2019.
  3. ^ a b c Rainsford, Sarah (June 20, 2020). "Paul Whelan: the strange case of the ex-marine jailed for spying in Russia". BBC. Archived from the original on June 21, 2020. Retrieved June 21, 2020.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Whelan, David (January 7, 2019). "Paul Whelan's twin opens up about Russia spy allegations, citizenship". Detroit Free Press (Interview). Interviewed by Kristen Jordan Shamus. Archived from the original on January 25, 2019. Retrieved January 11, 2019.
  5. ^ "U.S. ambassador meets with Ottawa-born man arrested in Russia on spying charges". CBC News. January 2, 2019. Archived from the original on January 3, 2019. Retrieved January 4, 2019.
  6. ^ Bacon, John (January 1, 2019). "American Paul Whelan was in Russia for wedding, not to spy, family says". USA Today. Archived from the original on January 2, 2019. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  7. ^ a b Shamus, Kristen Jordan (January 2, 2019). "Twin brother of Novi man accused of spying in Russia: He's innocent". Detroit Free Press. Archived from the original on January 5, 2019. Retrieved January 3, 2019.
  8. ^ "Exhibit 4: Deposition of Paul Nicholas Whelan" (PDF). Kingpin.cc. United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan. January 18, 2013. p. 16. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 1, 2020. Retrieved January 22, 2019.
  9. ^ a b c d e f Barnes, Julian E.; MacFahrquhar, Neil (January 3, 2019). "Spy or Not? American Who Loves Russia Ensnared in New Cold War". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 3, 2019. Retrieved January 4, 2019.
  10. ^ a b c d Harris, Shane; Sonne, Paul; Ferris-Rotman, Amie (January 3, 2019). "American charged with espionage in Russia has an unlikely background for a spy". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 5, 2019. Retrieved January 6, 2019.
  11. ^ a b c d Rawnsley, Adam; Woodruff, Betsy; Poulsen, Kevin (January 1, 2019). "Meet Putin's American Prisoner, Paul Whelan". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on January 3, 2019. Retrieved January 3, 2019.
  12. ^ Shamus, Kristen Jordan (January 2, 2019). "Accused spy Paul Whelan was discharged from Marines for bad conduct". Detroit Free Press. Archived from the original on January 4, 2019. Retrieved January 3, 2019.
  13. ^ "U.S. v. Whelan, Docket #200800152" (PDF). The United States Navy Judge Advocate General's Corps (U.S. Navy JAG). Navy-Marine Corps Court of Criminal Appeals (NMCCA). August 26, 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 15, 2020. Retrieved December 4, 2019. He was sentenced to 60 days restriction, reduction to pay grade E-4, and, a bad-conduct discharge.
  14. ^ Carlan, Philip; Nored, Lisa S.; Downey, Ragan A. (2015). A Brief Introduction to Criminal Law. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 60. ISBN 978-1-284-05611-2. Archived from the original on June 21, 2023. Retrieved December 12, 2022.
  15. ^ "U.S. v. Whelan, Docket #200800152" (PDF). The United States Navy Judge Advocate General's Corps (U.S. Navy JAG). Navy-Marine Corps Court of Criminal Appeals (NMCCA). August 26, 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 15, 2020. Retrieved December 4, 2019.
  16. ^ Baldo, Lolita C. (May 6, 2024). "An American soldier was arrested in Russia and accused of stealing, US officials say". Associated Press. Archived from the original on May 6, 2024. Retrieved May 6, 2024.
  17. ^ Kube, Courtney; Gains, Mosheh (May 6, 2024). "U.S. soldier detained in Russia, officials say: The soldier, who was stationed in Korea and traveled to Russia on his own, is accused of stealing from a woman". NBC News. Archived from the original on May 6, 2024. Retrieved May 6, 2024.
  18. ^ Hunter, George (January 2, 2019). "New details emerge about Novi resident accused of spying in Russia". Detroit News. Archived from the original on December 10, 2022. Retrieved December 9, 2022.
  19. ^ a b Schifrin, Nick (January 3, 2019). "Former CIA officer says Whelan doesn't fit the profile of U.S. intelligence". PBS Newshour. Archived from the original on January 4, 2019. Retrieved January 4, 2019. See Whelan's congratulations for Trump's 2016 election victory with his misspelling of Трамп or (Tramp) with Trymp at 1:56 in the video
  20. ^ Maza, Cristina (December 31, 2018). "American Paul Whelan arrested in Russia on spy charges as potential retribution for Maria Butina". Newsweek. Archived from the original on October 22, 2020. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  21. ^ Fieldstadt, Elisha (January 1, 2019). "Brother of American arrested in Russia on spy charges says he was there for a wedding". NBC News. Archived from the original on January 2, 2019. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  22. ^ Berry, Lynn (January 1, 2019). "American arrested in Russia on spying charges was there for a wedding". The Globe and Mail. Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 2, 2019. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  23. ^ a b c Spocchia, Gino (January 4, 2019). "Jeremy Hunt warns Russia not to play 'diplomatic chess games' over British man arrested for spying". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on January 4, 2019. Retrieved January 4, 2019.
  24. ^ Rainsford, Sarah (June 21, 2020). "The curious case of the ex-marine jailed for spying". BBC News. Archived from the original on August 5, 2024. Retrieved July 25, 2020.
  25. ^ Rainsford, Sarah (June 21, 2020). "The curious case of the ex-marine jailed for spying". BBC News. Archived from the original on July 5, 2020. Retrieved July 25, 2020.
  26. ^ "Суд приговорил американца Пола Уилана к 16 годам колонии по делу о шпионаже" [The court sentenced American Paul Whelan to 16 years in prison on espionage charges.]. MBK NEWS (in Russian). June 15, 2020. Archived from the original on June 21, 2020. Retrieved June 30, 2020.
  27. ^ Schlain, Jan (January 5, 2023). "Dashed Hopes". Ann Arbor Observer. Archived from the original on May 12, 2023. Retrieved May 12, 2023.
  28. ^ "Russia keen to raise Paul Whelan's jail time to 18 years". EU-OCS – European Observatory of Crimes and Security. June 30, 2020. Retrieved July 10, 2020.
  29. ^ a b Reevell, Patrick (June 15, 2020). "Ex-U.S. Marine Paul Whelan sentenced to 16 years jail in Russia". ABC News. Archived from the original on December 11, 2022. Retrieved December 11, 2022.
  30. ^ "Апелляционный суд признал законным отказ в рассмотрении ходатайства о передаче Уилана в США" [The Court of Appeal upheld the legal refusal to consider the request to transfer Whelan to the United States]. Kommersant (in Russian). November 8, 2021. Archived from the original on June 18, 2024. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
  31. ^ Кириллова, Ксения (Kirillova, Ksenia) (December 5, 2022). "Пол Уилан и ЧВК 'Вагнера': как вербовщики на войну в Украине прячутся от заключенных в РФ иностранцев" [Paul Whelan and the Wagner PMC: how recruiters for the war in Ukraine are hiding from foreigners imprisoned in the Russian Federation]. ForumDaily (in Russian). Archived from the original on June 18, 2024. Retrieved June 18, 2024.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  32. ^ "Кто такой Пол Уилан – американец, осужденный в России за шпионаж". meduza.io. January 1, 2019. Retrieved June 30, 2020.
  33. ^ Nemtsova, Anna (January 2, 2019). "Paul Whelan, American Accused of Spying by Russia, Thrown in Moscow's Most Infamous Dungeon". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on January 4, 2019. Retrieved January 26, 2019.
  34. ^ Kosinski, Michelle (March 9, 2019). "Details of Russian obstruction paint bleak picture for American held in Moscow". CNN. Archived from the original on June 15, 2020. Retrieved June 15, 2020.
  35. ^ Rawnsley, Adam; Woodruff, Betsy; Dozier, Kimberly (December 31, 2018). "Russia's Arrest of Paul Whelan Is Payback for Maria Butina, CIA Veterans Say". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on December 31, 2019. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  36. ^ Pierce, Charles P. (December 31, 2018). "The President* Is So Hopelessly Compromised". Esquire. Archived from the original on December 31, 2018. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  37. ^ Chalfant, Morgan (January 2, 2019). "Ambassador Huntsman visits American detained in Moscow". The Hill. Retrieved January 3, 2019.
  38. ^ Morello, Carol; Ferris-Rotman, Amie (January 2, 2019). "Russia allows U.S. ambassador to meet with detained American". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 4, 2019. Retrieved January 4, 2019.
  39. ^ a b Sonne, Paul; Ferris-Rotman, Amie; Harris, Shane (January 4, 2019). "American detained by Russia was convicted of trying to steal thousands of dollars while deployed to Iraq as a Marine". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 4, 2019. Retrieved January 4, 2019.
  40. ^ "Señor K: Russia and Argentina split over mysterious drug smuggling case". The Guardian. March 3, 2018. Retrieved January 3, 2019.
  41. ^ MacFahrquhar, Neil (January 3, 2019). "Paul Whelan, American Accused of Spying, Is Said to Be Charged in Russia". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 3, 2019. Retrieved January 3, 2019.
  42. ^ Bennetts, Marc (January 22, 2019). "US spy suspect found with Russian 'state secrets', lawyer says". The Times. Archived from the original on January 22, 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2019.(subscription required)
  43. ^ a b Metzel, Mikhail (January 5, 2018). "Moscow Accuses Washington of Detaining Russian Citizen After Whelan's Arrest". The Moscow Times. TASS. Archived from the original on January 6, 2019. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
  44. ^ "Man gets 2 years for exporting military equipment to Russia". Associated Press. June 5, 2018. Archived from the original on June 8, 2024. Retrieved June 8, 2024.
  45. ^ a b Weinberger, Sharon (May 28, 2015). "Hacked Emails Reveal Russian Plans to Obtain Sensitive Western Tech". The Intercept. Archived from the original on February 26, 2018. Retrieved June 8, 2024.
  46. ^ Шмагун, Олеся (Shmagun, Olesya); Анин, Роман (Anin, Roman) (February 25, 2018). "Сынки Отечества: Почему даже в стратегически важных для страны отраслях курирующие их чиновники не могут обойтись без дальних офшоров и близких родственников" [Sons of the Fatherland: Why, even in industries that are strategically important for the country, the officials in charge of them cannot do without distant offshore companies and close relatives?]. Novaya Gazeta (in Russian). Archived from the original on November 17, 2023. Retrieved June 8, 2024.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  47. ^ "Сынки Отечества: работа для своих" [Sons of the Fatherland: work for our own]. OCCRP. June 26, 2018. Archived from the original on November 17, 2023. Retrieved June 8, 2024.
  48. ^ "Sons of the Fatherland: How defence officials' relatives are connected to private military contractors (infographic)". OCCRP. June 26, 2018. Archived from the original on November 17, 2023. Retrieved June 8, 2024.
  49. ^ "Дворцы друзей Сергея Чемезова" [Palaces of Sergei Chemezov's friend]. «Руспрес» (www.rospres.com) (in Russian). July 1, 2013. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved June 8, 2024. See Генералы ФСБ (FSB Generals).
  50. ^ "Lithuania sends alleged Russian arms dealer to US". Associated Press. August 14, 2013. Archived from the original on June 8, 2024. Retrieved June 8, 2024.
  51. ^ WINTER, JANA; WEINBERGER, SHARON (March 26, 2015). "SENSITIVE MILITARY GEAR ENDED UP ON EBAY, CRAIGLIST". The Intercept. Archived from the original on March 27, 2015. Retrieved June 8, 2024.
  52. ^ "UTMx Universal Thermal Monocular". eBay. 2014. Archived from the original on March 30, 2015. Retrieved June 8, 2024.
  53. ^ Hjelmgaard, Kim; Shesgreen, Deirdre (June 15, 2020). "Former U.S. Marine Paul Whelan, convicted of espionage charges in Russia, gets 16-year prison sentence". USA Today. Archived from the original on June 15, 2020. Retrieved June 15, 2020.
  54. ^ Khurshudyan, Isabelle (June 15, 2020). "American Paul Whelan convicted of spying by Russia, gets 16 years in prison". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on June 15, 2020. Retrieved June 15, 2020.
  55. ^ Ilyushina, Mary; Hansler, Jennifer (June 15, 2020). "Russian court sentences US citizen Paul Whelan to 16 years in prison". CNN. Archived from the original on June 15, 2020. Retrieved June 15, 2020.
  56. ^ Norman, Greg (August 7, 2020). "American Paul Whelan arrives at Russian penal colony after espionage conviction". Fox News. Archived from the original on August 7, 2020. Retrieved August 8, 2020.
  57. ^ Rainsford, Sarah (December 22, 2020). "Paul Whelan: Grim life of US 'spy' in Russian labour camp". BBC News. Archived from the original on August 5, 2024. Retrieved December 22, 2020.
  58. ^ Schmitz, Rob; Macias, Miguel; Isackson, Amy (April 28, 2022). "Trevor Reed came back home, but Paul Whelan is still imprisoned in Russia". NPR. Archived from the original on August 5, 2022. Retrieved April 29, 2022.
  59. ^ Atwood, Kylie; Perez, Evan; Hansler, Jennifer (July 27, 2022). "CNN Exclusive: Biden administration offers convicted Russian arms dealer in exchange for Griner, Whelan". CNN. Archived from the original on December 8, 2022. Retrieved July 28, 2022.
  60. ^ Liptak, Kevin; Mattingly, Phil (December 9, 2022). "In freeing Griner, Biden faced resistance abroad and at home". Washington Post. Archived from the original on December 10, 2022. Retrieved December 9, 2022.
  61. ^ "Russia demanded that a spy held in Germany be freed in exchange for Paul Whelan". CNN. December 9, 2022. Archived from the original on December 11, 2022. Retrieved July 16, 2024.
  62. ^ Shear, Michael D.; Baker, Peter (December 9, 2022). "Inside the Prisoner Swap That Freed Brittney Griner". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 10, 2022. Retrieved July 16, 2024.
  63. ^ Liptak, Kevin; Mattingly, Phil (December 9, 2022). "Inside Biden's agonizing decision to take a deal that freed Brittney Griner but left Paul Whelan in Russia". CNN. Archived from the original on December 8, 2022. Retrieved December 9, 2022.
  64. ^ Bigg, Matthew Mpoke; Hopkins, Valerie (December 8, 2022). "Griner's release puts a spotlight on Paul Whelan, another American imprisoned in Russia". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 8, 2022. Retrieved December 8, 2022.
  65. ^ Hansler, Jennifer (May 4, 2023). "US ambassador to Russia visits Paul Whelan in prison | CNN Politics". CNN. Archived from the original on May 5, 2023. Retrieved May 5, 2023.
  66. ^ Hansler, Jennifer; Atwood, Kylie; Tausche, Kayla (August 16, 2023). "Exclusive: Blinken speaks by phone with Paul Whelan, who is wrongfully detained in Russia". CNN. Archived from the original on August 17, 2023. Retrieved August 17, 2023.
  67. ^ McDougall, AJ (November 28, 2023). "Paul Whelan Says He Was Punched in the Face at Russian Labor Camp". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on December 1, 2023. Retrieved November 28, 2023.
  68. ^ Pankratov, Sasha (May 20, 2024). "Our American Friend". Novaya Gazeta Europa. Archived from the original on June 8, 2024. Retrieved May 21, 2024.
  69. ^ Osborn, Andrew; Lebedev, Filipp; Papachristou, Lucy (August 1, 2024). "Americans Gershkovich and Whelan included in big prisoner swap, Turkey says". Reuters. Retrieved August 1, 2024.
  70. ^ Jacobs, Jennifer (August 1, 2024). "US Reporter Freed by Russia in Multi-Country Prisoner Swap". Archived from the original on August 1, 2024. Retrieved August 1, 2024.
  71. ^ Bayer, Lili (August 1, 2024). "Biden celebrates 'feat of diplomacy' after Evan Gershkovich and others freed in major prisoner swap with Russia– live". the Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on August 5, 2024. Retrieved August 1, 2024.
  72. ^ Troianovski, Anton; Mazzetti, Mark; Hubbard, Ben (August 1, 2024). "Live Updates: Russia Releases Evan Gershkovich in Sweeping Prisoner Swap, Turkish Officials Say". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on August 1, 2024. Retrieved August 1, 2024.
  73. ^ "Paul Whelan's brother reacts to news of release. What he wrote to the media". The Detroit News. August 1, 2024. Archived from the original on August 1, 2024. Retrieved August 1, 2024.
  74. ^ Spangler, Todd (August 1, 2024). "Biden: Paul Whelan's 'brutal ordeal is over' after release from prison in Russia". Detroit Free Press. Archived from the original on August 2, 2024. Retrieved August 2, 2024.
  75. ^ Wright, Michael (August 1, 2024). "Biden Gives American Flag Pin to Whelan". Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on August 2, 2024. Retrieved August 2, 2024.
  76. ^ Rawlinson, Kevin (January 3, 2019). "Ex-US marine accused of spying in Russia is British citizen". The Guardian. Retrieved January 4, 2019.
  77. ^ Ó Mongáin, Colm (January 4, 2019). "US citizen held in Moscow seeks Irish consular aid". Raidió Teilifís Éireann. Archived from the original on January 4, 2019. Retrieved January 4, 2019.
  78. ^ Chavez, Nicole (January 3, 2019). "Here's what we know about Paul Whelan, the US citizen accused of spying in Russia". CNN. Archived from the original on January 3, 2019. Retrieved January 4, 2019.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paul_Whelan&oldid=1258519302"