Political Consultative Conference (1946)
Political Consultative Conference 政治協商會議 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Type | |
| Type | |
| History | |
| Succeeded by | National Constituent Assembly (Led by the KMT) Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (Led by the CCP) |
| Leadership | |
Kuomintang leader | |
Opposition party leaders | |
| Structure | |
| Seats | 38 |
 | |
Political groups | Ruling party
Opposition parties Independents
|
| Committees | 6 committees |
| Meeting place | |
 | |
| The site of the negotiation in Chongqing, China | |
| Political Consultative Conference | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 政治協商會議 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 政治协商会议 | ||||||
| |||||||
The Political Consultative Conference (PCC) was a conference held on 10–31 January 1946 in the Republic of China between the Kuomintang (KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) to create a coalition government. The PCC was convened as part of the Double Tenth Agreement between the KMT and the CCP. The conference ultimately ended in failure.
Background[edit]
On 10 October 1945, the KMT and the CCP signed the Double Tenth Agreement in Chongqing.[1] One of the conditions agreed was the creation of a political consultative conference, participated by political party and non-party representatives.[2] Afterwards, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin advised both parties to hold a consultative conference to manage their differences.[3]
Meeting[edit]
Due to pressure from the United States, CCP and other actors, Chiang Kai-shek eventually relented and agreed to hold a political consultative conference. The PCC was tasked with creating a new constitution and a democratic government.[4]
The PCC was held in Chongqing during 10–31 January 1946, which received both local and nationwide attention. The CCP organized many support meetings for these conference across the country, which were routinely disrupted by the secret police of the Nationalist government attempting to encourage anti-CCP sentiments.[1] The Conference, lasted until 31 January, adopted 12 resolutions including reforming government, amending draft constitution, and convening National Constituent Assembly. A committee on organizing draft constitution was also formed.[5]
Membership[edit]
| Party | Officeholder | Office | |
|---|---|---|---|
| KMT | Sun Fo | Leglslative Yuan President | |
| Wu Tiecheng | Secretary-General of the Central Party Committee of the Kuomintang | ||
| Chen Brai | Deputy Secretary-General of the Supreme Council for National Defense | ||
| Chen Lifu | Head of Party Organization | ||
| Chang Li-sheng | Minister of the Interior | ||
| Wang Shijie | Minister of Foreign Affairs | ||
| Shao Lizi | Secretary-General of the National Political Participation Association | ||
| Zhang Qun | Governor of Sichuan | ||
| CCP | Zhou Enlai | Vice Chairman of the CCP, head of the CCP delegation | |
| Dong Biwu | Minister of Foreign Affairs | ||
| Ye Jianying | Chief of Staff of the Eight Route Army | ||
| Wu Yuzhang | Representative of the National Political Participation Association | ||
| Wang Ruofei | Representative of the Central Committee in Chongqing | ||
| Lu Dingyi | Head of the Publicity Department | ||
| Deng Yingchao | Head of the Women's Department | ||
| CDL | Zhang Lan | Representative of the National Political Participation Association and the CDL Chairman | |
| Luo Longji | Professor of the National Southwestern Associated University and the CDL Propaganda Department Head | ||
| Carsun Chang | Representative of the China National Socialist Party | ||
| Zhang Bojun | Chairman of the Third Party | ||
| Zhang Dongsun | Representative of the China National Socialist Party | ||
| Shen Junru | Representative of the Chinese People's National Salvation Association | ||
| Huang Yanpei | Representative of the National Association of Vocational Education of China | ||
| Liang Shuming | Representative of the Rural Reconstruction Movement | ||
| Zhang Shenfu | Professor of the Tsinghua University | ||
| YCP | Zeng Qi | Chairman of the YCP | |
| Chen Qitian | Representative of the National Political Suffrage Association | ||
| Yang Yongjun | Responsible person in South China | ||
| Yu Jiaju | Political member of the university professors | ||
| Chang Naide | Political member of the university professors | ||
| Ind. | Mo Teh-hui | Political member | |
| Shao Congxu | Political member | ||
| Wang Yun-wu | Political member, director of The Commercial Press | ||
| Fu Ssu-nien | Political member, university professor | ||
| Hu Zhengzhi | Political member, director of Ta Kung Pao | ||
| Guo Moruo | Political writer | ||
| Qian Yongming | Political member, chairman of the Bank of Communications | ||
| Miao Yuntai | Representative of the southwest national capitalists | ||
| Li Zhuchen | Representative of the north China industrial capitalists | ||
| Source:[6] | |||
Collapse of the talks[edit]
On 10 February 1946, riots broke out in Jiaochangkou at the center of Chongqing. The incident led to the collapse of the relations between CCP and KMT, and the continuation of the Chinese Civil War.[7]
References[edit]
- ^ a b Groot 2004, p. 42.
- ^ "China Legal Science". www.iolaw.org.cn. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- ^ "Part 1 China 1911 - 1949". The Common Program of the People's Republic of China 1949-1954. Retrieved 2024-03-06.
- ^ Winter, Ryan M. (30 May 2014). "The Politics of Opposition: China Politics of Opposition: China's Moderates at the Political Consultative Conference of 1946". Illinois Wesleyan University. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
- ^ 孟 1989, p. 473
- ^ Li 1946, p. 9.
- ^ Sheng 1997, p. 127.
Bibliography[edit]
- Groot, Gerry (February 24, 2004). Managing Transitions: The Chinese Communist Party, United Front Work, Corporatism and Hegemony. New York: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9780203502945. ISBN 1135952930. OCLC 54494511.
- Sheng, Michael M. (November 30, 1997). Battling Western Imperialism: Mao, Stalin, and the United States. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0691016356.
- Li, Xu (1946). 政治協商會議之檢討.
- 孟, 廣涵, ed. (1989). 政治協商會議紀實 (in Chinese (China)). Chongqing: 重慶出版社.