Pyongsan Shin clan
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2015) |
| Pyongsan Shin clan | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Country | Korea |
| Current region | Pyongsan County |
| Founder | Sin Sung-gyŏm |
| Korean name | |
| Hangul | 평산 신씨 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Pyeongsan Sinssi |
| McCune–Reischauer | P'yŏngsan Sinssi |
The Pyongsan Shin clan (Korean: 평산 신씨) is one of the great aristocratic houses which originated from Korea. The clan was key in the foundation of the Goryeo dynasty and gained its power during this time. However, it became less prominent during the following Joseon dynasty.
Not all Koreans with the family name Shin belong to the Pyongsan Shin clan; only about 600,000 (about 70%) hail from this clan. Others belong to other unrelated clans, such as the Goryeong Shin clan, who produced 19th and 20th century notables as Shin Chae-ho.
Clan history during the Goryeo period (918-1392)
[edit]The Pyongsan Shin clan is a Korean noble family, which took its root during the 10th century, at the time of the foundation of the Goryeo Dynasty. At the beginning of the Goryeo period, the country was divided in several kingdoms fighting for supremacy over the peninsula.
The founder of the clan is generally accepted to be General Sin Sung-gyŏm, who helped Wang Kŏn found the kingdom by dethroning the tyrant Kung Ye, alongside Pae Hyŏn-gyŏng (배현경; 裵玄慶), Hong Yu (홍유; 洪儒), and Pok Chi-gyŏm (복지겸; 卜智謙) in 918.[1]
As described on an official description plate at his memorial shrine in the province of Gangwon,[2] Sin Sung-gyŏm died around 927 in a battle in present-day Daegu, fighting bravely to save Wang Kŏn (also referred to as King Taejo), while dressed in the King's clothes. After his death, the King bestowed upon Sin's son and Sin's brother the high aristocratic title of Jangjolgong.
According to the legend, the clan name of Pyongsan Shin was given to Sin Sung-gyŏm before his death, during a hunting trip with King Taejo. A skillful archer, Sin successfully hit "the left wing of the third goose among the flying geese".[3] King Taejo was impressed and bestowed Sin with the land area, Pyongsan, over which the geese had been flying, hence the family line originated there.[4] The area is currently situated in the North Korean province of Hwanghae.
Clan history during the Joseon period (1392-1910)
[edit]During the Joseon era, the Pyongsan Shin family developed into one of many yangban families. As other yangban of the time, members of the Pyongsan Shin clan successfully passed the gwageo, or the national civil service examinations. There was no hereditary aristocracy in Korea during the Joseon era, as the bureaucracy was filled by tested and certified professionals. Having peaked during the Goryeo era, the Pyongsan Shin clan produced fewer individuals of national prominence during this era.
Notable people
[edit]- Sin Sung-gyŏm, clan progenitor and Goryeo general[5]
- Shin Saimdang (1504 – 1551), Joseon dynasty artist and poet[5]
- Sin Rip (1546 – 1592), Joseon dynasty general[5]
- Shin Ryu (1619 – 1680), Joseon dynasty general[6]
- Shin Jae-hyo (1812 – 1884), Joseon pansori theoretician[5]
- Shin Dol-seok (1878 – 1908), Korean righteous army leader[5][7]
- Shin Pal-gyun (1882 – 1924), Korean independence activist[5]
- Sin Ik-hui (1894 – 1956), South Korean politician, Speaker of the National Assembly[5]
- Shin Hyun-hwak (1920 – 2007), South Korean politician, Prime Minister[5]
- Nelly Shin (born 1972), Korean-Canadian politician, MP for Port Moody—Coquitlam (2019 – 2022)[8]
References
[edit]- ^ Korean Architecture: Shin Sung-kyom shrine, Daegu
- ^ "CULTURE&TRADITION-Sin Jangjeolgong's grave". Archived from the original on 2007-12-18. Retrieved 2007-09-25.
- ^ “Warriors Who Changed the National History”, Hwang Won-gap, Indie Book, 655 pages, 2002
- ^ 평산신씨 평산닷컴
- ^ a b c d e f g h 김, 성회. "[김성회의 뿌리를 찾아서] 〈61〉 신(申·辛·愼)씨, 평산 신씨". Segye Ilbo. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
- ^ 김, 양수. "신류 (申瀏)". Encyclopedia of Korean Culture (in Korean). Academy of Korean Studies. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
- ^ 성, 대경. "신돌석 (申乭石)". Encyclopedia of Korean Culture (in Korean). Academy of Korean Studies. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
- ^ Shin, Nelly. "In August of 2022, I made my first visit to South Korea in 25 years. While I was there to speak at a conference in Seoul on the topic of Peace in Times..." Facebook. Retrieved 25 September 2024.Note: Information taken from Nelly Shin's official Facebook account.
Further reading
[edit]Lee Ki-baik. A New History of Korea. Harvard University Press, 1984. ISBN 978-0-674-61576-2