Osavampator
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| Other names | TAK-653; NBI-1065845; NBI-845 |
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| Formula | C19H23N3O3S |
| Molar mass | 373.47 g·mol−1 |
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Osavampator (developmental code names TAK-653 and NBI-1065845) is an experimental drug being investigated as a treatment for treatment-resistant depression.[1] It is being developed by Takeda Pharmaceuticals (Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc.).[1][2]
Mechanism of action
[edit]Osavampator is a selective positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the AMPA receptor.[3][4] Osavampator and other AMPA PAMs potentiate the effects of agonists at the main site of the AMPA receptor by slowing the rate of desensitization and internalization of the receptor.[5]
Research
[edit]Depression
[edit]There is evidence suggesting that activation of the AMPA receptor, downstream activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are central to the antidepressant effects of certain NMDA receptor antagonists such as ketamine.[6] Blockage of the AMPA receptor nullifies the antidepressant actions of ketamine in rodents.[7] By potentiating the effect of endogenous glutamate at the AMPA receptor, osavampator more directly influences AMPA receptor-mediated transcription.[5]
The potential use of osavampator as a non-psychotomimetic antidepressant is cited as reason for its investigation.[3] Initial research found that osavampator, unlike ketamine, did not induce hyperlocomoter responses in rats. However, a later human trial investigating the central nervous system (CNS) stimulatory properties and tolerability of osavampator reported that although the CNS stimulatory properties of the drug were less pronounced than other psychostimulants, osavampator did appear to possess at least some stimulant-like effects.[4] No severe adverse effects were noted in the trial.[4]
AMPA receptor agonists are likely not viable for clinical applications as they present a risk of inducing seizures and overexcitation-induced neurotoxicity at doses close to their therapeutic window.[8][9][10] Osavampator possesses minimal direct AMPA agonist properties.[8] Osavampator provides a 419-fold safety margin against convulsions relative to therapeutic doses in rats.[8]
References
[edit]- ^ a b "TAK 653". AdisInsight. 5 August 2024. Retrieved 9 August 2024.
- ^ Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (2018-02-20). "A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of TAK-653 in the Treatment of Subjects With Treatment-Resistant Depression".
- ^ a b Hara H, Suzuki A, Kunugi A, Tajima Y, Yamada R, Kimura H (December 2021). "TAK-653, an AMPA receptor potentiator with minimal agonistic activity, produces an antidepressant-like effect with a favorable safety profile in rats". Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior. 211: 173289. doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2021.173289. PMID 34655652. S2CID 238754541.
- ^ a b c Dijkstra F, O'Donnell P, Klaassen E, Buhl D, Asgharnejad M, Rosen L, et al. (September 2022). "Central nervous system effects of TAK-653, an investigational alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole receptor (AMPAR) positive allosteric modulator in healthy volunteers". Translational Psychiatry. 12 (1): 408. doi:10.1038/s41398-022-02148-w. PMC 9509332. PMID 36153330.
- ^ a b Tomita S, Sekiguchi M, Wada K, Nicoll RA, Bredt DS (June 2006). "Stargazin controls the pharmacology of AMPA receptor potentiators". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 103 (26): 10064–10067. Bibcode:2006PNAS..10310064T. doi:10.1073/pnas.0603128103. PMC 1502506. PMID 16785437.
- ^ Zhou W, Wang N, Yang C, Li XM, Zhou ZQ, Yang JJ (September 2014). "Ketamine-induced antidepressant effects are associated with AMPA receptors-mediated upregulation of mTOR and BDNF in rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex". European Psychiatry. 29 (7): 419–423. doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2013.10.005. PMID 24321772. S2CID 23335947.
- ^ Aleksandrova LR, Phillips AG, Wang YT (June 2017). "Antidepressant effects of ketamine and the roles of AMPA glutamate receptors and other mechanisms beyond NMDA receptor antagonism". Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience. 42 (4): 222–229. doi:10.1503/jpn.160175. PMC 5487269. PMID 28234212.
- ^ a b c Suzuki A, Kunugi A, Tajima Y, Suzuki N, Suzuki M, Toyofuku M, et al. (July 2021). "Strictly regulated agonist-dependent activation of AMPA-R is the key characteristic of TAK-653 for robust synaptic responses and cognitive improvement". Scientific Reports. 11 (1): 14532. Bibcode:2021NatSR..1114532S. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-93888-0. PMC 8282797. PMID 34267258.
- ^ Rogawski MA (2013). "AMPA receptors as a molecular target in epilepsy therapy". Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. Supplementum. 127 (197): 9–18. doi:10.1111/ane.12099. PMC 4506648. PMID 23480151.
- ^ Hanada T (March 2020). "Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors in Epilepsy: A Review Focusing on AMPA and NMDA Receptors". Biomolecules. 10 (3): 464. doi:10.3390/biom10030464. PMC 7175173. PMID 32197322.