Draft:Battle of Bost

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Battle of Bost
Date671 AD
Location
Bost, Afghanistan
Result Umayyad caliphate victory
• Zunbil was defeated and fled away
Belligerents
Umayyad Caliphate Kabul Shahi
Commanders and leaders
Rabi ibn Ziyad al-Harithi Zunbil

The Muslim conquests of Afghanistan began during the Muslim conquest of Persia as the Arab Muslims migrated eastwards to Khorasan, Sistan and Transoxiana. Fifteen years after the battle of Nahāvand in 642 AD, they controlled all Sasanian domains except in Afghanistan..[1] Fuller Islamization was not achieved until the period between 10th and 12th centuries under Ghaznavid and Ghurid dynasties who patronized Muslim religious institutions[2]

Background[edit]

In the reign of Mu'awiya, Abd al-Rahman ibn Samura again became governor of Sijistan.He was faced with a formidable task, for we are told that the people of Sijistan had apostatized, and the people of Zabulistan and Kabul had broken their treaties. By a series of campaigns he is said to have captured Kabul, in spite of the vigorous resistance of the 'polytheists, defeated the inhabitants of Zabulistan, and captured Bost and Rukhkhaj(Arachosia). Baladhuri says that this officer "took with him to Basra slaves captured at Kabul, and they built him a mosque in his castle after the Kabul style of building." He died in A.H. 50 (A.D. 670) but before his death he was succeeded by Rabi ibn Ziyad al-Harithi.[3][4]

The Battle[edit]

The Kabul Shahi gathered a force to oppose the Muslims and expelled those who were in Kabul. The Rutbil came and overran Zabulistan and Rukhkhaj (Arachosia) until he came to Bost. Rabi ibn Ziyad al-Harithi came out with an army and fought the Rutbil¹ at Bost, defeated him and pursued him as far as Rukhkhaj (Arachosia) where he fought him again and he went on to conquer the land of Zamindawar.[5][6][7] The battle was not long lasted as soon Rabi ibn Ziyad al-Harithi defeated the Rutbil, He proceeded forward with a purpose of conquering other region such as Zamindawar Zaranj and others.

Aftermath[edit]

Rabi's successor Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad continued the warring against Rutbil upon being appointed in AD 673. With no option left in given situation Rutbil had to negotiate a truce treaty for both Kabul and Zabul, in which the governor of Sistan acknowledged control of these territories by Rutbil and the King of Kabul.[8]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Wink, André (2002). Al-Hind, the Making of the Indo-Islamic World: Early Medieval India and the Expansion of Islam 7Th-11th Centuries. BRILL. p. 120. ISBN 978-0-391-04173-8.
  2. ^ Green, Nile (2017). Afghanistan's Islam: From Conversion to the Taliban. Univ of California Press. p. 39. ISBN 978-0-520-29413-4.
  3. ^ Ray, h c (1973). The Dynastic History Of Northern India Vol. 1, Ed. 2nd. pp. 66–67.
  4. ^ Petrie, Cameron A. (2020-12-28). Resistance at the Edge of Empires: The Archaeology and History of the Bannu basin from 1000 BC to AD 1200. Oxbow Books. p. 67. ISBN 978-1-78570-306-5.
  5. ^ Rehman, Abdur (1979). The Last Two Dynasties of the Śahis: An Analysis of Their History, Archaeology, Coinage, and Palaeography. Centre for the Study of the Civilizations of Central Asia, Quaid-i-Azam University. p. 64.
  6. ^ al-Baladhuri, Ahmad b Yahya (2022-11-17). History of the Arab Invasions: The Conquest of the Lands: A New Translation of al-Baladhuri's Futuh al-Buldan. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 394. ISBN 978-0-7556-3742-3.
  7. ^ Congress, Indian History (1999). Proceedings. p. 917.
  8. ^ Petrie, Cameron A. (2020-12-28). Resistance at the Edge of Empires: The Archaeology and History of the Bannu basin from 1000 BC to AD 1200. Oxbow Books. ISBN 978-1-78570-304-1.
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