Draft:Oasoj

Jerusalem Governorate
Governorate
Country	Palestine
Territory	West Bank
Capital city	East Jerusalem
Area
• Total	344 km2 (133 sq mi)

Oasoj is a company^a

Jerusalem is disputed between Israel and Palestine, who both claims Jerusalem as their capital. The State of Palestine, represented by PLO claims Jerusalem (specifically East Jerusalem as their capital), including Haram al-Sharif. Globally, West and East Jerusalem are viewed as part of Israel and Palestine respectively. In 1967, after the war, Israel occupied East Jerusalem and incorporated. Internationally, the Israeli sovereignty over East Jerusalem is not recognized and considered illegal. The data represented population of Jer

^a This number includes East Jerusalem, whose population is 542,400 and it also includes the Israeli settlers, who are considered illegal under the international law. . Jerusalem is disputed between Israel and Palestine. Palestine represented by PLO claims East Jerusalem as its capital. East Jerusalem as capital of Palestine, is globally supported and is currently under occupation, which is not internationally recognized.

Jerusalem

Status of Jerusalem

Jerusalem is monumental for Israelis and Palestinians.

The Oslo Accords stated that the final status of Jerusalem would be determined by negotiations with the Palestinian Authority. The accords banned any official Palestinian presence in the city until a final peace agreement, except for those areas which were designated as Palestinian enclaves within East Jerusalem, and allowed opening of a trade office in the city.

Jerusalem as capital of Palestine

Palestinian Authority views East Jerusalem as an occupied territory.

Oslo Accords have stated that Jerusalem's final status would be negotiated in future. In Oslo Accords, many neighborhoods in East Jerusalem and surrounding suburbs were designated as Area A and Area B, where Palestinian Authority varying degrees of control. However, Palestinians living even in Area A often clashes with Israeli forces.

Palestinian government institutions in Jerusalem

A large number of foreign consulates are located in Jerusalem, which serves Palestine, rather than Israel.

Palestinian Authority have a regional and electoral office in Dahiyat al-Barid.

Sheikh Jarrah, despite being completely under occupation, hosts foreign consulates of many countries which serves to Palestine rather than Israel. Sheikh Jarrah, before the annexation, was known as "Diplomatic Quarter". Consulate General of France in Jerusalem, states that itself independent from Israel and serves only to the Palestinian territories. The British Consulate General is located in Sheikh Jarrah, which also serves only Palestine, not Israel.

Cityscape of Jerusalem

Beyond the Green Line (East Jerusalem)

Jerusalem beyond the Green Line, known as East Jerusalem, is the historic part of Jerusalem. East Jerusalem is location of the Old City and the Temple Mount, where holy places of Abrahamic religions are located. The Old City spread across an area of 0.9 square kilometres (220 acres) and is divided into four quarters — Muslim Quarter, Jewish Quarter, Christian Quarter and Armenian Quarter. After annexation of East Jerusalem, the Moroccan Quarter was destroyed by the Jerusalem Municipality to construct a plaza for Jewish worshippers. Muslim Quarter is the largest quarter in the old city.

The Temple Mount, located adjacent to the Old City is home to holy sites of Christianity, Islam and Judaism. Location of the Western Wall, it is the remained part of destroyed 1st and 2nd Jerusalem Temple. The Islamic complex, known as Al-Haram Al-Sharif, is home to Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Dome of the Rock. Mosque of Omar is located in the Christian Quarter, near to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, which is holiest site in Christianity. Damascus Gate, is one of the gates for the Old City, located near commercial hub of Jerusalem. Most of the historic and religious sites are located in East Jerusalem. The Jewish Cemetery located in the Mount of Olives is largest Jewish cemetery in the world.

Historic Palestinians neighborhoods of At-Tur, Ras al-Amud, Silwan, Bab az-Zahra, Batn al-Hawa and Wadi Hilweh are located in East Jerusalem, near to the Temple Mount and the Old City. While residential areas such as Issawiya and Jabel Mukaber are located in vicinity of Mount Scopus. Wadi al-Joz, Abu Dis, Bir Nabala and Bethany, are developed as industrial areas. Beit Hanina, Shuafat, Sharafat, Beit Safafa, Kafr Aqab, Al-Ram, Dahiyat al-Barid, Sur Baher, Ras Khamis, Ras Shehadeh, Wadi al-Hummus and Umm Tuba, are known as residential hub. In recent years, Beit Hanina and Dahiyat al-Barid have emerged as a hub of investment for Palestinians, since these places falls under control of Palestinian government. Many shopping malls and luxury hotels can be found over these areas.

Saladin Street, passing through Bab az-Zahra, is one of the bustling marketplaces for Palestinian Jerusalemites. Addar Mall is located over is a large shopping mall.

West Jerusalem

West Jerusalem, which is officially recognized as part of Israel by the international community is home to many new Jewish neighborhoods such as Beit HaKerem, Ein Karem and Arnona.

Givat Ram is large neighborhood which is home to most important institutions of Israel, which includes Hebrew University and Israel Museum. Kiryat HaLeom, traditionally part of Givat Ram, is a national project launched by government of Israel, to house all government institutions. Kiryat HaMemshala located in Givat Ram is home to much of government offices. It includes the Knesset, the Prime Minister's Office, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Interior and Supreme Court of Israel.

Administration

Jerusalem Municipality

Jerusalem Municipality exercise control over West Jerusalem and 80% of East Jerusalem. The main office is located in Safra Square. Moshe Lion of Likud party, is current mayor of Jerusalem Municipality.

Palestinian controlled area

Jerusalem was not part of negotiations in Oslo Accords. Though certain parts of Jerusalem, which are outside the historic core, but within the city limits and outskirts. Sur Baher and Umm Tuba neighborhoods are designated as Area A, where the Palestinian Authority have complete control. Certain parts of Beit Hanina, Al-Ram, Jabel Mukaber (Ash-Sheikh Sa'd) and Arab al-Jahalin falls under Area B, where both Israel and Palestine retain control. As-Sawahira ash-Sharqiya have been classified 0.2% as Area A and 7.2% as Area B. While few neighborhoods such as Kafr 'Aqab, Dahiat al-Salam, Ras Shehadeh and Ras Khamis are located beyond the barrier, whose control somehow come in hands of Palestinian Authority.

Economy of Jerusalem

Jerusalem, being politically disputed, is a highly visited city, due to its religious significance.

Status of Jerusalem

Palestinian institutions and establishments

Jerusalem is home to many consulates and embassies, representing a variety of countries including Greece, Turkey, Spain, Belgium, UK, France, Holy See, Italy, and Sweden. These diplomatic missions are located in Jerusalem, serving Palestine rather than Israel. Additionally, some consulates are situated in Sheikh Jarrah, known as the "Diplomatic Quarter" for Palestine, although it is under occupation and control of Israel. The Jerusalem Affairs Office of the Palestinian Authority and the Ministry of Interior have their offices in the Abu Dis suburb of Jerusalem. Furthermore, there is a Palestinian Authority regional office and an electoral office located in the Dahiyat al Barid neighborhood. These offices play important roles in Palestinian governance and administration within the Jerusalem area.

Palestine

Economy

Main article: Economy of the State of Palestine

See also: Taxation in the State of Palestine

Palestine is classified as a middle income developing country by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). In 2023, the country's GDP was US$36.9 billion, with per capita of US$6,642. It is

Tourism

Main article: Tourism in the State of Palestine

Al Deira Hotel in Gaza, before 2023 war

Tourism in the territory claimed by the State of Palestine refers to tourism in East Jerusalem, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. In 2010, 4.6 million people visited the Palestinian territories, compared to 2.6 million in 2009. Of that number, 2.2 million were foreign tourists while 2.7 million were domestic. Most tourists come for only a few hours or as part of a day trip itinerary. In the last quarter of 2012 over 150,000 guests stayed in West Bank hotels; 40% were European and 9% were from the United States and Canada. Lonely Planet travel guide writes that "the West Bank is not the easiest place in which to travel but the effort is richly rewarded." In 2013 Palestinian Authority Tourism minister Rula Ma'ay'a stated that her government aims to encourage international visits to Palestine, but the occupation is the main factor preventing the tourism sector from becoming a major income source to Palestinians. There are no visa conditions imposed on foreign nationals other than those imposed by the visa policy of Israel. Access to Jerusalem, the West Bank, and Gaza is completely controlled by the Government of Israel. Entry to the occupied Palestinian territories requires only a valid international passport.

Information and Communications

Main article: Communications in the State of Palestine

The Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) and the Ministry of Telecom and Information Technology said there were 4.2 million cellular mobile subscribers in Palestine compared to 2.6 million at the end of 2010 while the number of ADSL subscribers in Palestine increased to about 363 thousand by the end of 2019 from 119 thousand over the same period. 97% of Palestinian households have at least one cellular mobile line while at least one smartphone is owned by 86% of households (91% in the West Bank and 78% in Gaza Strip). About 80% of the Palestinian households have access to the internet in their homes and about a third have a computer. On 12 June 2020, the World Bank approved a US$15 million grant for the Technology for Youth and Jobs (TechStart) Project aiming to help the Palestinian IT sector upgrade the capabilities of firms and create more high-quality jobs. Kanthan Shankar, World Bank Country Director for West Bank and Gaza said "The IT sector has the potential to make a strong contribution to economic growth. It can offer opportunities to Palestinian youth, who constitute 30% of the population and suffer from acute unemployment."

Financial services

The Palestine Monetary Authority has issued guidelines for the operation and provision of electronic payment services including e-wallet and prepaid cards.

Transportation

Main article: Transport in the State of Palestine

Water supply and sanitation

Main article: Water supply and sanitation in the State of Palestine

See also: Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Monitoring Program

Water supply and sanitation in the Palestinian territories are characterized by severe water shortage and are highly influenced by the Israeli occupation. The water resources of Palestine are partially controlled by Israel due in part from historical and geographical complexities with Israel granting partial autonomy in 2017. The division of groundwater is subject to provisions in the Oslo II Accord, agreed upon by both Israeli and Palestinian leadership. Israel provides the Palestinain territories water from its own water supply and desalinated water supplies, in 2012 supplying 52 MCM.

Generally, the water quality is considerably worse in the Gaza Strip when compared to the West Bank. About a third to half of the delivered water in the Palestinian territories is lost in the distribution network. The lasting blockade of the Gaza Strip and the Gaza War have caused severe damage to the infrastructure in the Gaza Strip. Concerning wastewater, the existing treatment plants do not have the capacity to treat all of the produced wastewater, causing severe water pollution. The development of the sector highly depends on external financing.

ITIQ

ITIQ, also known as Information Technology and Innovation Quds is a technology hub in Jerusalem, for Palestinian entrepreneurs.

Hebron

Economy

Hebron, traditionally have been a hub of industrial products and handicraft manufacture. For centuries, Hebron is known for manufacturing kuffiya and glass. The glass manufactured in Hebron is known as Hebron glass. It has a bustling market, known as the Old City Souq, where merchants sell a variety of goods, including textiles, pottery, and traditional handicrafts.