Draft:Tree defects
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Submission declined on 18 April 2023 by Blaze Wolf (talk). This submission is not adequately supported by reliable sources. Reliable sources are required so that information can be verified. If you need help with referencing, please see Referencing for beginners and Citing sources. This submission reads more like an essay than an encyclopedia article. Submissions should summarise information in secondary, reliable sources and not contain opinions or original research. Please write about the topic from a neutral point of view in an encyclopedic manner. Declined by Blaze Wolf 13 months ago. |
A tree defect is any feature, condition, or deformity of a tree that indicates weak structure or instability that could contribute to tree failure.
Common types of tree defects[edit]
Codominant stems: two or more stems that grow upward from a single point of origin and compete with one another.[1][2]
- common with decurrent growth habits
- occurs in excurrent trees only after the leader is killed and multiple leaders compete for dominance
Included bark: bark is incorporated in the joint between two limbs, creating a weak attachment.[2]
- occurs in branch unions with a high attachment angle (i.e. v-shaped unions)
- common in many columnar/fastigiate growing deciduous trees
Dead, diseased, or broken branches: woundwood cannot grow over stubs or dead branches to seal off decay.
- symptoms/signs of disease:
e.g. oozing through the bark, sunken areas in the bark, and bark with abnormal patterns or colours, stunted new growth, discolouration of the foliage
Cracks
- longitudinal: decay, rips/tears
- Seams – bark edges meet at a crack or wound
- Ribs – bulges, indicating interior cracks
- transversely: buckled wood
Cavity and hollows: sunken or open areas wherein a tree has suffered injury followed by decay
- further indications: fungal fruiting structures, insect or animal nests
Lean: a lean of more than 40% from vertical presents a risk of tree failure
Taper: change in diameter over the length of trunks branches and roots
Epicormic branches (water sprouts in canopy or suckers from root system): often grow in response to major damage or excessive pruning
Roots:
- girdling roots compress the trunk, leading to poor trunk taper, and restrict vascular flow
- kinked roots provide poor structural support; the kink is a site of potential root failure
- circling roots occurs when roots encounter obstructions/limitations such as a small tree well or being grown too long in a nursery pot; these cannot provide adequate structural support and are limited in accessing nutrients and water
- Healthy soil texture and depth, drainage, water availability, makes for healthy roots
References[edit]
- ^ "FACTTemplate". www.umass.edu. Retrieved 2023-10-23.
- ^ a b "Included Bark". almstead.com. Retrieved 2023-10-23.
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