Fahmi Reza

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In this Malay name, there is no surname or family name. The name Mohd Zarin is a patronymic, and the person should be referred to by their given name, Mohd Fahmi Reza. The word "bin" or "binti"/"binte" means 'son of' or 'daughter of', respectively.
Fahmi Reza
فهمى رضا‎
Born
Mohd Fahmi Reza bin Mohd Zarin

(1977-06-07) 7 June 1977 (age 46)
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Alma materVanderbilt University
Occupation(s)Satirist, graphic designer, street artist, filmmaker
Notable workClown portrayal of Malaysian Prime Minister, Najib Razak Portraying Malaysian politicians in a satirical and comedic way

Mohd Fahmi Reza bin Mohd Zarin (Jawi: محمد فهمى رضا بن محمد زارين; born 7 June 1977) is a Malaysian political graphic designer,[1] street artist[2] and documentary filmmaker.[3][4] He is best known for depicting Malaysia's then Prime Minister, Najib Razak, as a clown.[5] He is also known for portraying Malaysian politicians, whom most of them are accused to corruption charges in a satirical way and has seen been arrested multiple times since the clown potrayal of Najib.

Legal action[edit]

Fahmi Reza creating his clown portrayal of Prime Minister Najib Razak

Clown caricature[edit]

On 6 June 2016, Fahmi was charged with ‘violating multimedia laws’ as a result of his clown caricature. He had created the image as a protest against prime minister Najib Razak, who has been facing allegations that billions of dollars were stolen from a state-owned development fund he oversees. Najib is also being accused of accepting a mysterious US$681 million overseas payment.[5]

Earlier in the year, on 30 January, Fahmi had posted the sketch to his Twitter account with the caption: “In 2015, the Sedition Act was used 91 times. Tapi dalam negara yang penuh dengan korupsi, kita semua penghasut (But in a country full of corruption, we are all instigators).”[6] Police had earlier warned Fahmi that his Twitter account was under surveillance.[7]

The charge was made possible under Section 233(1) of the Communications and Multimedia Act 1998,[8] which forbids online content deemed to "annoy, abuse, threaten, or harass" others. Fahmi faces a possible one-year prison sentence and a substantial fine, according to his attorney, Syahredzan Johan.[5] He may face another charge under the same section of the Act, for also creating a fake Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission (MCMC) poster bearing the clown caricature.[8]

Fahmi was charged with violating the law prohibiting communications that cause annoyance, and has pleaded not guilty. As of 30 December 2016, he is out on bail awaiting trial.[9] His lawyer, Syahredzan Johan, says he faces a possible one-year prison sentence and a fine.[10]

On 20 February 2018, Fahmi was sentenced to a month’s jail and fined RM30,000 by the Sessions Court in Ipoh for a caricature depicting Najib as a clown. His lawyer Syahredzan Johan told Malaysiakini they will appeal the decision, and that a stay of execution of the sentence was granted with a bond of RM10,000.[11]

On 11 October 2018, the Kuala Lumpur Sessions Court acquitted and discharged Fahmi on a charge of uploading a caricature of Najib on his Instagram account.[12]

On 12 November 2018, the High Court in Ipoh set aside the prison sentence against Fahmi for uploading an offensive image of Najib on his social media account.[13]

Kita Semua Penghasut T-shirts[edit]

On 4 June 2016, along with three other activists, Fahmi was arrested by police for selling #KitaSemuaPenghasut T-shirts at a shopping complex. The other three people arrested were event organiser Pang Khee Teik, community activist Lew Pik-Svonn and comic artist Arif Rafhan Othman.[14] The three were being investigated for alleged offences under the Sedition Act 1948. Malaysia's National Human Rights Society (HAKAM) has condemned the arrests.[15]

Insulting the Queen[edit]

On 23 April 2021, Fahmi was arrested for allegedly insulting the Queen of Malaysia, Tunku Azizah Aminah Maimunah Iskandariah, following queries on claims she received an unapproved Covid-19 jab.[16][17] He was investigated under Section 4(1) of the Sedition Act and Section 233 of the Communications and Multimedia Act 1998.[18] This is because he created a Spotify playlist titled "This is Dengki ke?" (meaning "This is Jealous?") with the queen's portrait as the playlist's cover photo.[19] The playlist is still accessible on Spotify and has 2,599 followers as of June 2021.[20] There are 101 songs in both Malay and English on that playlist and almost all the songs are related to the word "Jealousy". For example, the first song on the playlist is "Jealousy" by British rock band, Queen.

According to Malaysiakini, the Queen reportedly responded to a question about the administration of the Covid-19 vaccine at the palace with the words "Dengki ke?" (Meaning "Jealous?") on her Instagram account.[21] The Queen's response soon garnered a lot of attention and led to widespread criticism all over social media. Hence, Fahmi's playlists was taken to have been created for the purpose of mocking the Queen for her comment.[22] However, he was released on bail a day later.[23]

Activism[edit]

Fahmi says the charges demonstrate the effectiveness of the image, which he says expresses the idea that "the whole country has become the butt of a joke".[24] He has vowed to keep posting satirical political images, and that he was prepared for any consequences. He says that the image “…connects with a lot of the people especially the younger generation, who are buying and wearing the T-shirts proudly, and sharing their photos wearing the T-shirts on their social media accounts”.[8]

Other graphic artists have started creating their own versions of a clown-faced Najib, using the hashtag #KitaSemuaPenghasut (“We are all instigators”).[6] Fahmi stresses that his work generally skewers not just Najib but all sides of Malaysia's politics, where an ethnic Malay ruling elite is defending against a pan-racial opposition promising to end money politics and democratic abuses.[25]

As a filmmaker, Fahmi won the "Most Outstanding Human Rights Film" at the 2007 Freedom Film Fest, for his documentary, Sepuluh Tahun Sebelum Merdeka (English: Ten Years Before Independence), which he says presents a story about Malaysians' struggle for independence, and the contributions of the political left.[26]

He has frequently been banned from addressing students at the University of Malaya, on the subject of student activism.[27] His activities have attracted the attention of media overseas, including The New York Times, VICE magazine and Le Figaro.[25][28][29][30]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "10 things about: Fahmi Reza, designer provocateur". www.themalaymailonline.com. 2014-10-19. Retrieved 2016-06-20.
  2. ^ Ho, Victoria. "Malaysia's 'Banksy' charged for his drawing of the prime minister as a clown". Mashable. Retrieved 2016-06-20.
  3. ^ Tony Day; Maya Hian Ting Liem (2010). Cultures at War: The Cold War and Cultural Expression in Southeast Asia. SEAP Publications. pp. 259–. ISBN 978-0-87727-781-1.
  4. ^ Malaysian Politicians Say the Darndest Things. MATAHARI BOOKS. 2007. pp. 118–. ISBN 978-983-43596-6-9.
  5. ^ a b c hermesauto (6 June 2016). "Malaysian artist Fahmi Reza charged for depicting PM Najib as clown". straitstimes.com. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
  6. ^ a b "'We are all instigators': Malaysian graphic artists protest against corruption". asiancorrespondent.com. Archived from the original on 27 March 2016. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
  7. ^ "PM left red nosed by censorship protest - BBC News". bbc.com. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
  8. ^ a b c "Fahmi Reza: Charging me for clown sketch shows it's effective (VIDEO)". themalaymailonline.com. 6 June 2016. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
  9. ^ Ngui, Yantoultra. "Malaysian Leader Najib Razak Promised Openness, but Dissent Over 1MDB Stifled". WSJ. Retrieved 2016-12-31.
  10. ^ "Malaysian artist charged for depicting PM Najib Razak as clown - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)". Abc.net.au. 2016-06-06. Retrieved 2016-12-31.
  11. ^ "Artist gets a month's jail, RM30k fine for Najib clown drawing". Malaysiakini. 2018-02-20.
  12. ^ "Fahmi Reza acquitted for publishing Najib caricature". Malaysiakini. 2018-10-11.
  13. ^ "Fahmi Reza escapes jail term, fine reduced over Najib caricature". Malaysiakini. 2018-11-12.
  14. ^ "Fahmi Reza, three others arrested over #KitaSemuaPenghasut t-shirts - Nation - The Star Online". thestar.com.my. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
  15. ^ "Stop harassing Fahmi Reza and others — HAKAM". themalaymailonline.com. 7 June 2016. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
  16. ^ "Fahmi Reza arrested, Bukit Aman investigating case for alleged sedition". The Star Online.
  17. ^ "'Dengki ke?': queen's comment inspires Fahmi Reza's 101-track Spotify playlist". The Vibes. 21 April 2021. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
  18. ^ "Fahmi Reza out on bail". New Straits Times.
  19. ^ "Fahmi kena cekup sebab senarai lagu Spotify bertema 'dengki ke' - Polis". Malaysiakini. 24 Apr 2021.
  20. ^ "This Is Dengki Ke?". Spotify. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
  21. ^ "Fahmi kena cekup sebab senarai lagu Spotify bertema 'dengki ke' - Polis". Malaysiakini.
  22. ^ "Fahmi Reza summoned by cops again over 2 new cases". Free Malaysia Today (FMT).
  23. ^ "Fahmi Reza remanded a day in Spotify playlist probe". The Star.
  24. ^ "Malaysian street artist makes a clown of prime minister | Public Radio International". Pri.org. 2016-03-30. Retrieved 2016-12-31.
  25. ^ a b "Malaysian punk artist clowns with scandal-hit leader". AFP.
  26. ^ "The untold story of the hartal - theSundaily". thesundaily.my. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
  27. ^ "Centre For Independent Journalism, Malaysia » Blog Archive » Banning Anwar from UM demonstrates lack of academic freedom". cijmalaysia.org. Archived from the original on 9 December 2014. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
  28. ^ "The Muzzling of the Malaysian Mind". The New York Times. 14 April 2016. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
  29. ^ lefigaro.fr. "Un artiste malaisien risque un an de prison pour ses caricatures". lefigaro.fr. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
  30. ^ "Meet the Malaysian Artist Fighting Government Corruption with a Cartoon". VICE. 5 April 2016. Retrieved 27 June 2016.

External links[edit]

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