Fakhr al-Din Mustawfi
Fakhr al-Din Mustawfi | |
|---|---|
| Sahib diwan of the Ilkhanate | |
| In office 1284–1286 | |
| Preceded by | Shams al-Din Juvayni |
| Succeeded by | Jalal al-Din Simnani |
| Personal details | |
| Died | 1290 |
| Relatives | Hamdallah Mustawfi (cousin) |
Fakhr al-Din Mustawfi (died 1290) was a Persian statesman from the Mustawfi family of Qazvin, who lived during the early Ilkhanate era. He was the elder cousin of the distinguished historian and geographer Hamdallah Mustawfi.[1]
According to Hamdallah Mustawfi, Fakhr al-Din Mustawfi enjoyed a flourishing career under the Ilkhanate—first as the ṣāḥib(-i) diwān (finance minister, vizier) of Gaykhatu during his governorship of Anatolia, and then later as bureaucrat under the Ilkhan Arghun Khan (r. 1284–1291).[1] He played a role in the downfall of the Ilkhanate ṣāḥib diwān Shams al-Din Juvayni, being part of the circle of advisors around Arghun, who urged him to make Shams al-Din stand trial, on the accusation of poisoning Arghun's father Abaqa Khan (r. 1265–1282).[2] On 16 October 1284, Shams al-Din was executed, with Fakhr al-Din gaining his previous post of ṣāḥib diwān.[3]
Two years later, in 1286, however, he was replaced by Jalal al-Din Simnani and sent to govern Anatolia.[3] In the same year, Fakhr al-Din instigated the execution of Shams al-Din's son Sharaf al-Din Harun Juvayni through hateful slander.[4] Fakhr al-Din strengthened Shams al-Din's policy of increasing the Iranian influence in Anatolia, appointing "innumerable Tabrizis, Hamadanis, Iraqis, Khushkanis, Khurasanis, Georgians, Alans, Marandis, Nakhjawanis, Tiflisis and Arranis." This led to a closer connection between Anatolia and the Iranian intellectual and literary world.[5]
Fakhr al-Din Mustawfi eventually fell out and favour and was executed in 1290. The instigator behind this was the new ṣāḥib diwān Sa'ad al-Dawla, who achieved this through the spread of defamation. This earned him the animosity of the Mustawfi family.[6][7]
References[edit]
Sources[edit]
- Komaroff, Linda (2012). Beyond the Legacy of Genghis Khan. Brill. pp. 1–678. ISBN 9789004243408.
- Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. Yale University Press. pp. 1–448. ISBN 9780300227284. JSTOR j.ctt1n2tvq0. (registration required)
- Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. Routledge. ISBN 978-0415297509.
- Lane, George (2014). "Persian Notables and the Families Who Underpinned the Ilkhanate". In Amitai, Reuven; Biran, Michal (eds.). Nomads as Agents of Cultural Change: The Mongols and Their Eurasian Predecessors. University of Hawai'i Press. pp. 182–213.
- Peacock, A. C. S. (2019). Islam, Literature and Society in Mongol Anatolia. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1108499361.