Haplogroup K (mtDNA)

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Haplogroup K
Time of origin	12,000 YBP
Place of origin	Northern Italy
Ancestor	U8
Descendants	K1, K2
Defining mutations	3480 10550 11299 14798 16224 16311[1]

Haplogroup K is a mitochondrial lineage that represents a sizeable fraction of the Western Eurasian genetic pool.

Contents 1 Origin 2 Distribution 3 Subclades 3.1 Tree 4 Popular Culture 5 References 6 See also 7 External links

[edit] Origin

It is the most common subclade of haplogroup U8^[2] and it has an estimated age in Europe of c. 12,000 years BP^[3].

[edit] Distribution

In Europe, it is particularly common around the Alps and the British Isles. It is found in lesser frequency in North Africa, the Middle East and South Asia. Also, approximately 32% of the haplotypes of modern people with Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry are in haplogroup K.

[edit] Subclades

[edit] Tree

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup K subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation^[1] and subsequent published research.

• U8b'K
  • U8b
    • K
      • K1
        • K1a
          • K1a1
            • K1a1a
              • K1a1a1
            • K1a1b
              • K1a1b1
                • K1a1b1a
                • K1a1b1b
              • K1a1b2
                • K1a1b2a
          • K1a2
            • K1a2a
            • K1a2b
          • K1a3
            • K1a3a
              • K1a3a1
              • K1a3a1a
          • K1a4
            • K1a4a
              • K1a4a1
                • K1a4a1a
                • K1a4a1b
            • K1a4b
              • K1a4b1
            • K1a4c
            • K1a4d
          • K1a5
          • K1a6
          • K1a7'8
            • K1a7
            • K1a8
              • K1a8a
          • K1a9
          • K1a10
          • K1a11
          • K1a12
            • K1a12a
        • K1b
          • K1b1
            • K1b1a
              • K1b1a1
            • K1b1b
            • K1b1c
          • K1b2
            • K1b2a
            • K1b2b
        • K1c
          • K1c1
            • K1c1a
            • K1c1b
          • K1c2
        • K1ö
      • K2
        • K2a
          • K2a1
            • K2a1a
          • K2a2
            • K2a2a
          • K2a3
          • K2a4
          • K2a5
          • K2a6
        • K2b
          • K2b1
            • K2b1a
        • K2c

[edit] Popular Culture

In his popular book The Seven Daughters of Eve, Bryan Sykes named the originator of this mtDNA haplogroup Katrine. Analysis of the mtDNA of Ötzi the Iceman, the frozen mummy from 3300 BC found on the Austrian-Italian border, has shown that Ötzi belongs to the K1 subclade but that it cannot be categorized into any of the three modern branches of that subclade (K1a, K1b or K1c). The new subclade has preliminarly been named K1ö for Ötzi.^[4]

On an 18 November 2005 broadcast of the Today Show, during an interview with Dr. Spencer Wells of The National Geographic Genographic Project, host Katie Couric was revealed to belong to haplogroup K. [2]

On 14 August 2007, Stephen Colbert was told by Dr Spencer Wells that he is a member of this haplogroup during a segment on The Colbert Report.

[edit] References

1. ^ ^{a b} van Oven, Mannis; Manfred Kayser (13 Oct 2008). "Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation". Human Mutation 30 (2): E386-E394. PMID 18853457 doi:10.1002/humu.20921. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121449735/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0. Retrieved on 2009-05-20. 
2. ^ A. González et al. The mitochondrial lineage U8a reveals a Paleolithic settlement in the Basque country. BMC Genomics, 2006
3. ^ Richards et al., Tracing European Founder Lineages in the Near Eastern mtDNA Pool. AJHG, 2000.
4. ^ Luca Ermini et al. (30 October 2008), "Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence of the Tyrolean Iceman", Current Biology.[1]

[edit] See also

• Genealogical DNA test
• Genetic Genealogy
• Human mitochondrial genetics
• Population Genetics
• Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups

Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups

most recent common mt-ancestor

L0

L1

L2

L3

L4

L5

L6

L7

M

N

CZ

D

E

G

Q

A

S

R

I

W

X

Y

C

Z

B

F

HV

JT

P

U

H

V

J

T

K

Former Clusters IWX

[edit] External links

• General
  • Ian Logan's Mitochondrial DNA Site
  • Mannis van Oven's Phylotree
• Haplogroup K
  • Spread of Haplogroup K, from National Geographic
  • Swinging in the mtDNA Tree
  • mtDNA Haplogroup K Project at Family Tree DNA
  • Danish Demes Regional DNA Project: mtDNA Haplogroup K
  • Doron M. Behar et al., "The Matrilineal Ancestry of Ashkenazi Jewry: Portrait of a Recent Founder Event", The American Journal of Human Genetics, Vol. 78, March 2006. The article contains a table detailing the subclades of the entirety of haplogroup K as of 2006. NOTE: The table reads "14307" where it should say "14037" in the list of mutations for subclade K2b.