Humburi Senni language
| Humburi Senni | |
|---|---|
| humburi ciini[1] هُمْبُرِ ٺِينِ | |
| Native to | Burkina Faso, Mali |
| Region | Hombori |
Native speakers | (81,000 cited 1999–2021)[2] |
| Dialects |
|
| Latin Arabic | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | hmb |
| Glottolog | humb1243 |
 | |
Humburi Senni, or Central Songhay, is a variety of Southern Songhai spoken in the Hombori region, straddling the Burkina–Mali border.
Orthography[edit]
Table below illustrates the Latin alphabet for Humburi Senni in Mali, as standardized by "DNAFLA".
| A a | B b | C c | D d | E e | F f | G g | H h | I i | J j | K k | L l | M m | N n |
| [a] | [b] | [t͡ʃ] | [d] | [e] | [f] | [ɡ] | [h] | [i] | [d͡ʒ] | [k] | [l] | [m] | [n] |
| Ɲ ɲ | Ŋ ŋ | O o | P p | R r | S s | Š š | T t | U u | W w | Y y | Z z | Ž ž | |
| [ɲ] | [ŋ] | [o] | [p] | [r] | [s] | [ʃ] | [t] | [u] | [w] | [j] | [z] | [ʒ] |
Table below illustrates the Arabic (Ajami) alphabet for Humburi Senni, based on UNESCO.BREDA report on standardization of Arabic script in published in 1987 in Bamako.[5][6]
| Arabic (Latin) [IPA] |
ا ( - ) [∅]/[ʔ] |
ب (B b) [b] |
ت (T t) [t] |
ٺ (C c) [t͡ʃ] |
ث (S s) [s] |
ج (J j) [d͡ʒ] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arabic (Latin) [IPA] |
ح (H h) [h] |
خ (Kh kh) [x] |
ݗ (Ŋ ŋ) [ŋ] |
د (D d) [d] |
ذ (Z z) [z] |
ر (R r) [r] |
| Arabic (Latin) [IPA] |
ز (Z z) [z] |
ژ (Ž ž) [ʒ] |
س (S s) [s] |
ش (Š š) [ʃ] |
ص (S s) [s] |
ض (D d) [d] |
| Arabic (Latin) [IPA] |
ط (T t) [t] |
ظ (Z z) [z] |
ع ( - ) [ʔ] |
غ (G g) [ɡ] |
ݝ (G g) [ɡ] |
ڢ (F f) [f] |
| Arabic (Latin) [IPA] |
ݠ (P p) [p] |
ڧ (K k) [k] |
ك (K k) [k] |
ل (L l) [l] |
م (M m) [m] |
ن (N n) [n] |
| Arabic (Latin) [IPA] |
ه (H h) [h] |
و (W w) [w] |
ؤ ( - ) [ʔ] |
ي (W w) [j] |
ئ ( - ) [ʔ] |
ࢩ (Ɲ ɲ) [ɲ] |
| A | E | I | O | U |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Short Vowels | ||||
| اَ | اٜ | اِ | اࣷ | اُ |
| Long Vowels | ||||
| Aa | Ee | Ii | Oo | Uu |
| آ | اٜيـ / اٜي | اِيـ / اِي | اࣷو | اُو |
| a | e | i | o | u |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Short Vowels | ||||
| ◌َ | ◌ٜ | ◌ِ | ◌ࣷ | ◌ُ |
| Long Vowels | ||||
| aa | ee | ii | oo | uu |
| ◌َا / ◌َـا | ◌ٜيـ / ◌ٜـيـ ◌ٜي / ◌ٜـي |
◌ِيـ / ◌ِـيـ ◌ِي / ◌ِـي |
◌ࣷو / ◌ࣷـو | ◌ُو / ◌ُـو |
References[edit]
- ^ Heath, Jeffrey, (2015) Dictionary Humburi Senni (Songhay of Hombori, Mali) - English - French. University of Michigan. Link (Archive)
- ^ Humburi Senni at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023)
- ^ This map is based on classification from Glottolog and data from Ethnologue.
- ^ République du Mali, Direction nationale de l’alphabétisation fonctionnelle et de la linguistique appliquée, Alphabets et règles d'orthographe des langues nationales, Bamako, DNAFLA, 1993
- ^ a b Chtatou, M. (1992). Using Arabic script in writing the languages of the peoples of Muslim africa. Institute of African Studies. [1]
- ^ a b Kew, Jonathan (2 June 2003). Proposal to encode Arabic-script letters for African languages (PDF).
External links[edit]
- Heath, Jeffrey, (2015) Dictionary Humburi Senni (Songhay of Hombori, Mali) - English - French. University of Michigan. Link (Archive)
- Heath, Jeffrey, (2014) Grammar of Humburi Senni (Songhay of Hombori, Mali). University of Michigan. Link
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