Quranic timeline
The page gives a timeline of the various events related to the Quran according to traditional Islamic accounts.
Events[edit]
Muhammad[edit]
- 22 December 609 CE, Muhammad recites a chapter of the Quran for the first time after angel Gabriel, according to Islamic tradition, reveals surah Al-Alaq in the Cave of Hira.[citation needed]
- 610 CE, Muhammad receives the second revelation with surah Al-Muddaththir.[1]
- 622 CE Al-Baqara, the first surah after the Hijrah is revealed.[2]
- 624 CE Al-Anfal is revealed mentioning the Battle of Badr.[3]
- 632 CE surah Al-Ma'idah is revealed, the last sura.[4][better source needed]
Post Muhammad[edit]
- 633 CE The Qur'an was written down on the order of Abu Bakr in one book form
- earlier than 645 -In 2015 the manuscript, which is held by the University of Birmingham was radiocarbon dated to between 568 and 645 CE (in the Islamic calendar, between 56 BH and 25 AH)
- 653 CE The Quran is canonized by Uthman ibn Affan[5]
- 657 CE; pages of the Quran are wrapped around swords by Muawiyahs forces during the Battle of Siffin
- 661 CE - 671 CE: the estimated radiocarbon dating of one of the oldest surviving copy of the Quran, the Sanaa manuscript[6]
- 769: The first full tafsir attributed to Muqatil ibn Sulayman ibn Bashiral-Balkhi. Ma'ani al-Qur'an (The Meaning of The Qur'an) by Abu Zakaria al-Farra (207AH).
- 859 CE, the oldest quranic school (madrasa) in University of al-Qarawiyyin is built[7]
- 883 CE; Tafsir al-Tabari, one of the oldest and big surviving tafsir collections was completed
- 884 CE; the first complete translation of the Quran into a foreign language[8]
- 1609 CE Quranic calligraphy for the Taj Mahal is created by Abdul Haq, aka Amanat Khan
- 1649 CE; the first known translation of the Quran into the English language by Alexander Ross, chaplain to King Charles I.[9]
Some modern scientific methods discussed in "Nassourou, Mohamadou (2013), 'The Qurʾanic verses : history, computer-supported reconstruction of the order of revelation, examining the concept of abrogation', AVM - Akademische Verlagsgemeinschaft, Munich, Germany, ISBN 978-3869244754" have also been used to reconstruct the entire chronology of the Quranic verses.
References[edit]
- ^ When The Moon Split - Page 35
- ^ Encyclopedia of World Religion, Johannes P. Schadé - 2006
- ^ Saddam's Word : The Political Discourse in Iraq: 1998 Page 189
- ^ 110. Surah An Nasr (The Help) - Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi
- ^ Does archaeology support the Qur'an? [IsaAlMasih.net]
- ^ Sadeghi, Behnam; Bergmann, Uwe (1 January 2010). "The Codex of a Companion of the Prophet and the Qurān of the Prophet". Arabica 57 (4): 343–436
- ^ "Forum".
- ^ "English Translations of the Quran » Crescent". Archived from the original on 2014-04-29. Retrieved 2013-05-14.
- ^ "From scholarship, sailors and sects to the mills and the mosques". The Guardian (Guardian News and Media Limited). 2002-06-18
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