Talk:Conversion therapy/Definitions

This page is strictly for listing definitions of "conversion therapy", "sexual orientation change efforts" (SOCE), and other equivalent terms. Entries take the form of a quote followed by a citation, and are listed in no particular order. All other analysis and discussion should be omitted.

1. "Conversion therapy: Efforts to change an individual’s sexual orientation, gender identity, or gender expression through behavioral health or medical interventions. Any effort with an a priori goal of a gender expression that aligns with stereotypical norms, cisgender identity, and/or heterosexual orientation, identity, and sexual behaviors."

   "Ending Conversion Therapy: Supporting and Affirming LGBTQ Youth" (PDF). Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. October 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 October 2021. Retrieved 26 December 2021.

2. "Conversion therapy is any attempt to change a person’s sexual orientation, gender identity, or gender expression."

   "What is conversion therapy?". GLAAD.

3. "Conversion therapy is any intervention that seeks to change a person’s sexual orientation or gender identity. Conversion therapies work towards one goal, and that goal is to ‘cure’ someone from being lesbian, gay, bi, trans, ace, intersex and/or queer."

   "Everything you need to know about conversion therapy". Stonewall (charity).

4. "For the purposes of this document 'conversion therapy' is an umbrella term for a therapeutic approach, or any model or individual viewpoint that demonstrates an assumption that any sexual orientation or gender identity is inherently preferable to any other, and which attempts to bring about a change of sexual orientation or gender identity, or seeks to suppress an individual’s expression of sexual orientation or gender identity on that basis."

   "Memorandum of understanding on conversion therapy in the UK". British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy. March 2022.

5. "Conversion therapy is an umbrella term for a therapeutic approach, model or individual viewpoint that demonstrates an assumption that any sexual orientation or gender identity is inherently preferable to any other, and which attempts to bring about a change of sexual orientation or gender identity, or seeks to suppress an individual’s expression of sexual orientation or gender identity on that basis."

   "Conversion therapy". United Kingdom Council for Psychotherapy. 2022.

6. "So-called 'conversion therapy,' sometimes known as 'reparative therapy,' is a range of dangerous and discredited practices that falsely claim to change a person’s sexual orientation or gender identity or expression."

   "The Lies and Dangers of Efforts to Change Sexual Orientation or Gender Identity". Human Rights Campaign. Archived from the original on 23 June 2022. Retrieved 25 June 2022.

7. "therapy aiming at changing the sexual orientation of lesbian women and gay men"

   Daniel, Hilary; Butkus, Renee (21 July 2015). "Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Health Disparities: Executive Summary of a Policy Position Paper From the American College of Physicians". Annals of Internal Medicine. 163 (2). American College of Physicians: 135–137. doi:10.7326/m14-2482. ISSN 0003-4819.

8. "“Conversion therapy” describes any attempt to change a person’s sexual orientation or gender identity or expression, or any component of these. It is sometimes called reparative therapy, reorientation therapy, sexual orientation change efforts, or gender identity change efforts."

   Facts about "Conversion Therapy" (PDF) (Report). American Psychological Association. November 2019.

9. "'Conversion therapies' (or 'reparative therapies') are interventions purported to alter same-sex attractions or an individual’s gender expression with the specific aim to promote heterosexuality as a preferable outcome. Similarly, for youth whose gender identity is incongruent with their sex anatomy, efforts to change their core gender identity have also been described and more recently subsumed under the conversion therapy rubric (5)."

   "Conversion Therapy". American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. February 2018.

10. "conversion therapy – Therapy or treatment intended or claimed to change or suppress a person's sexuality or gender identity, esp. to make a gay or bisexual person heterosexual, or to make a transgender person identify with their birth sex; the practice of attempting to change or suppress a person's sexuality or gender identity in this way."

    "conversion therapy". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)

11. "conversion therapy – The practice of attempting to cause a non-heterosexual person to become heterosexual by using psychoanalysis, behavior modification, spiritual counseling, etc."

    "conversion therapy". Lexico US English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. n.d. Retrieved 2022-06-26.

12. "conversion therapy – The use of any of various methods (such as aversive stimulation or religious counseling) in an attempt to change a person's sexual orientation to heterosexual or to change a person's gender identity to correspond to the sex the person has or was identified as having at birth"

    "conversion therapy". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Retrieved 2022-06-26.

13. "Conversion therapy is any emotional or physical therapy used to 'cure' or 'repair' a person’s attraction to the same sex, or their gender identity and expression."

    Sreenivas, Shishira. "What Is Conversion Therapy?". WebMD. Retrieved 2022-06-26.

14. "Conversion therapy – Interventions aimed at changing someone’s sexual orientation or gender identity. These take many forms. Also referred to as reparative therapy."

    "National LGBT Survey: Research Report" (PDF). Government Equalities Office. June 2018. ISBN 978-1-78655-671-4. Retrieved 2022-06-27.

15. "an attempt to “change someone’s sexual orientation to 'heterosexual' or their gender identity to 'cisgender' (Higbee et al., 2020, p. 1)"

    Little, Madison (2022). "Is Banning Conversion Therapy Enough? Aotearoa New Zealand and Access to Gender-Affirming Healthcare". Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work Review. 34 (1): 132. doi:10.11157/anzswj-vol34iss1id933. ISSN 1178-5527 – via EBSCOhost. (full text available through The Wikipedia Library

16. "Conversion therapy, also known as sexual orientation change efforts (SOCE), is the scientifically discredited practice of trying to change someone’s sexual orientation or gender identity"

    "FIRST AMENDMENT — PROFESSIONAL SPEECH — ELEVENTH CIRCUIT INVALIDATES MINOR CONVERSION THERAPY BANS. — Otto v. City of Boca Raton, 981 F.3d 854 (11th Cir. 2020)". Harvard Law Review. 134 (8): 2863–2870. 2021 – via EBSCOhost. (full text available at The Wikipedia Library) citing Am. Med. Assn. (2019). LGBTQ change efforts (so-called 'conversion therapy') (Report). AMA. p. 3. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 11, 2021. All leading professional medical and mental health associations reject 'conversion therapy' as a legitimate medical treatment.

17. "Conversion therapy" is an umbrella term describing a poorly defined set of psychological, behavioural, physical and faith-based interventions that work to suppress same-sex attraction, or to deter patients from expressing gender identities discordant with sex assigned at birth. The defining feature of conversion therapy and analogous practices (e.g., intersex surgeries, denial of gender-affirming medical care) is an ideology that favours heterosexual and cisgender identities and behaviours over all others."

    Salway, Travis; Ashley, Florence (10 January 2022). "Ridding Canadian medicine of conversion therapy". CMAJ. 194 (1): E17–E18. doi:10.1503/cmaj.211709. ISSN 1488-2329 – via EBSCOhost. (available at The Wikipedia Library)

18. "Conversion therapies are any treatments, including individual talk therapy, behavioral (e.g. aversive stimuli), group therapy or milieu (e.g. “retreats or inpatient treatments” relying on all of the above methods) treatments, which attempt to change an individual's sexual orientation from homosexual to heterosexual."

    Drescher, Jack; Schwartz, Alan (1 June 2016). "The Growing Regulation of Conversion Therapy". Journal of Medical Regulation. 102 (2): 7–12. doi:10.30770/2572-1852-102.2.7.

19. "Since mainstream mental health organizations have rejected this position ["reparative therapy"], the more accurate term for therapeutic efforts to change homosexual orientation is sexual orientation conversion therapy, or simply, conversion therapy."

    Haldeman, Douglas C. (1999). "The Pseudo-science of Sexual Orientation Conversion Therapy" (PDF). Angles: The Policy Journal of the Institute for Gay and Lesbian Strategic Studies. 4 (1): 1–4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 January 2018. Retrieved 16 March 2018. Conversion therapy can be harmful.

20. "Sexual orientation change efforts – 'A range of techniques used by a variety of mental health professionals and non-professionals with the goal of changing sexual orientation' (APA, 2021c, p. 1). The term is gradually replacing conversion therapy in the professional literature because efforts to change someone’s sexual orientation do not qualify as therapy."

    Haldeman, Douglas C. (2022). The Case Against Conversion Therapy: Evidence, Ethics, and Alternatives. American Psychological Association. pp. 4, 6. ISBN 978-1-4338-3711-1. OCLC 1251500796. (full text available through The Wikipedia Library; book; Chap. 1.