Talk:Islam during the Qing dynasty

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History of hui muslims in qing[edit]

A pro ming rebellion lead by muslims against the qing in northwest china

[1]

http://books.google.com/books?id=MC6sAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA171#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=MC6sAAAAIAAJ&q=Ming+restorationist#v=snippet&q=Ming%20restorationist&f=false

[2]

http://books.google.com/books?id=ciShtCrJijIC&pg=PA8#v=onepage&q&f=false

[3]

http://books.google.com/books?id=MC6sAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA298#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=MC6sAAAAIAAJ&q=Ming+restorationist#v=onepage&q=Mi%20la%20yin&f=false

[4]

http://books.google.com/books?id=Y8Nzux7z6KAC&pg=PA38&dq=milayin&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bcyOUKSzJdCI0QHu2oCIAQ&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=milayin&f=false

[5]

http://books.google.com/books?id=8nXLwSG2O8AC&pg=PA803&dq=milayin&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bcyOUKSzJdCI0QHu2oCIAQ&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=milayin&f=false

— Preceding unsigned comment added by Purblio (talk • contribs) 18:37, 29 October 2012 (UTC)[reply] 

Purblio (talk

Urumchi in xinjiang originated as a chinese style city with mostly han and hui residents

[6]

http://books.google.com/books?id=MC6sAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA134#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=MC6sAAAAIAAJ&q=Relatively+recent+feature#v=snippet&q=Relatively%20recent%20feature&f=false

The qing both removed han and hui from the manchu section of beijing

[7]

http://books.google.com/books?id=MC6sAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA132#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=MC6sAAAAIAAJ&q=Tungan+beijing#v=snippet&q=Tungan%20beijing%20expelled&f=false

Name of hui mosques in urumchi indicate their region or province of origin

[8]

http://books.google.com/books?id=MC6sAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA169#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=MC6sAAAAIAAJ&q=Tungan+mosques+origins#v=snippet&q=Tungan%20mosques%20resided%20%20pattern%20origins&f=false

Hui merchants fought for the qing in kashgar in 1826 against turkic muslim rebels led by the khoja jahangir

[9]

http://books.google.com/books?id=MC6sAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA171#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=MC6sAAAAIAAJ&q=Zhang+mingtang+leader#v=snippet&q=Zhang%20mingtang%20leader&f=false

[10]

http://books.google.com/books?id=MC6sAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA167#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=MC6sAAAAIAAJ&q=Refused+to+fight#v=snippet&q=Refused%20to%20fight&f=false

Native turkic muslims of xinjiang opposed Yaqub Beg's imposition of sharia law and were relatively lax in observing islam, eating haram foods and gambling etc,

[11]

http://books.google.com/books?id=MC6sAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA147#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=MC6sAAAAIAAJ&q=Veiled+horseflesh#v=snippet&q=Veiled%20horseflesh&f=false

Purblio (talk) 22:47, 12 October 2012 (UTC)[reply]

References

  1. ^ Millward, James A. (1998). Beyond the Pass: Economy, Ethnicity, and Empire in Qing Central Asia, 1759-1864 (illustrated ed.). Stanford University Press. p. 171. ISBN 0804729336. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  2. ^ Dwyer, Arienne M. (2007). Salar: A Study in Inner Asian Language Contact Processes, Part 1 (illustrated ed.). Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 8. ISBN 3447040912. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  3. ^ Millward, James A. (1998). Beyond the Pass: Economy, Ethnicity, and Empire in Qing Central Asia, 1759-1864 (illustrated ed.). Stanford University Press. p. 298. ISBN 0804729336. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  4. ^ Lipman, Jonathan Neaman (1998). Familiar strangers: a history of Muslims in Northwest China. University of Washington Press. p. 54. ISBN 0295800550. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  5. ^ WAKEMAN JR., FREDERIC (1986). GREAT ENTERPRISE. University of California Press. p. 803. ISBN 0520048040. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  6. ^ Millward, James A. (1998). Beyond the Pass: Economy, Ethnicity, and Empire in Qing Central Asia, 1759-1864 (illustrated ed.). Stanford University Press. p. 134. ISBN 0804729336. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  7. ^ Millward, James A. (1998). Beyond the Pass: Economy, Ethnicity, and Empire in Qing Central Asia, 1759-1864 (illustrated ed.). Stanford University Press. p. 132. ISBN 0804729336. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  8. ^ Millward, James A. (1998). Beyond the Pass: Economy, Ethnicity, and Empire in Qing Central Asia, 1759-1864 (illustrated ed.). Stanford University Press. p. 169. ISBN 0804729336. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  9. ^ Millward, James A. (1998). Beyond the Pass: Economy, Ethnicity, and Empire in Qing Central Asia, 1759-1864 (illustrated ed.). Stanford University Press. p. 171. ISBN 0804729336. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  10. ^ Millward, James A. (1998). Beyond the Pass: Economy, Ethnicity, and Empire in Qing Central Asia, 1759-1864 (illustrated ed.). Stanford University Press. p. 167. ISBN 0804729336. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  11. ^ Millward, James A. (1998). Beyond the Pass: Economy, Ethnicity, and Empire in Qing Central Asia, 1759-1864 (illustrated ed.). Stanford University Press. p. 147. ISBN 0804729336. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)

Sufism[edit]

[1]

http://books.google.com/books?id=Y8Nzux7z6KAC&pg=PA55&lpg=PA55&dq=China+sufi+adopt&source=bl&ots=62ztXCaYui&sig=Z0JDJr1_dTlSURKyZROH6xXYVAE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=t9N4UJbkJbCC0QG4r4DgAQ&ved=0CHEQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=China%20sufi%20adopt&f=false

[2]

http://books.google.com/books?id=cTlmtoozRV0C&pg=PA146&lpg=PA146&dq=China+sufi+adopt&source=bl&ots=wqX2yf_Zid&sig=udqABBHNLVYiS2odWdjIFAVkyRE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=t9N4UJbkJbCC0QG4r4DgAQ&ved=0CF8Q6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=China%20sufi%20adopt&f=false

[3]

http://books.google.com/books?id=qqG240d2L5sC&pg=PA146&lpg=PA146&dq=China+sufi+adopt&source=bl&ots=NDBc4QkkJV&sig=88XaCnQBXTYwpxrcXdW3AfSf7t0&hl=en&sa=X&ei=t9N4UJbkJbCC0QG4r4DgAQ&ved=0CFoQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=China%20sufi%20adopt&f=false

[4]

http://books.google.com/books?id=1ia-2lDtGH4C&pg=PA16#v=onepage&q&f=false

[5]

http://books.google.com/books?id=oWj9NreO9zYC&pg=PA16&lpg=PA16&dq=China+sufi+adopt&source=bl&ots=XHGSnpStM3&sig=vBQNB7AGeepwkppJ86_-GrCCt70&hl=en&sa=X&ei=t9N4UJbkJbCC0QG4r4DgAQ&ved=0CFQQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=China%20sufi%20adopt&f=false

[6]

http://books.google.com/books?id=cVFDIPIv3ZgC&pg=PA9&lpg=PA9&dq=China+sufi+adopt&source=bl&ots=AbYYikw1t8&sig=BBEfp7bkd_WlhdKH4cEMS-1jFog&hl=en&sa=X&ei=t9N4UJbkJbCC0QG4r4DgAQ&ved=0CE0Q6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=China%20sufi%20adopt&f=false

[7]

http://books.google.com/books?id=oduc9qH51EkC&pg=PA227&lpg=PA227&dq=China+sufi+adopt&source=bl&ots=ejOE4Ejn1R&sig=VK7OwPFDS6ZH-93a3UI64a6Pk6M&hl=en&sa=X&ei=t9N4UJbkJbCC0QG4r4DgAQ&ved=0CD0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=China%20sufi%20adopt&f=false

[8]

http://books.google.com/books?id=wEih57-GWQQC&pg=PA74&lpg=PA74&dq=China+sufi+adopt&source=bl&ots=12WJ6bQBYg&sig=9GYD8dYaEA7mVb_0_DQeJmQiW7k&hl=en&sa=X&ei=t9N4UJbkJbCC0QG4r4DgAQ&ved=0CEIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=China%20sufi%20adopt&f=false

[9]

http://books.google.com/books?id=zsjuQaGLRUkC&pg=PA165&lpg=PA165&dq=China+sufi+adopt&source=bl&ots=r3LDBXwMhv&sig=-m81zPXHt_kFnyE-YWx_YgCz4Hs&hl=en&sa=X&ei=t9N4UJbkJbCC0QG4r4DgAQ&ved=0CEgQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=China%20sufi%20adopt&f=false

[10]

http://books.google.com/books?id=_hJ9aht6nZQC&pg=PA59&lpg=PA59&dq=China+sufi+adopt&source=bl&ots=eyps3Pyheo&sig=ZL8LFYh0hiagrHbizsQE9uxHu74&hl=en&sa=X&ei=t9N4UJbkJbCC0QG4r4DgAQ&ved=0CGUQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=China%20sufi%20adopt&f=false

Purblio (talk) 03:26, 13 October 2012 (UTC)[reply]

References

  1. ^ Lipman, Jonathan Neaman (1998). Familiar strangers: a history of Muslims in Northwest China. University of Washington Press. p. 71. ISBN 0295800550. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  2. ^ Renard, John (2009). The A to Z of Sufism. Vol. Volume 44 of The A to Z Guide Series. Scarecrow Press. p. 146. ISBN 081086343X. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help); Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  3. ^ Renard, John (2005). Historical Dictionary of Sufism. Historical Dictionaries of Religions, Philosophies, and Movements Series. Scarecrow Press. p. 146. ISBN 0810865408. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  4. ^ Dillon, Michael (2003). Xinjiang: China's Muslim Far Northwest. Durham East Asia Series. Routledge. p. 16. ISBN 1134360967. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  5. ^ Dillon, Michael (2004). Xinjiang: China's Muslim Far Northwest. Durham East Asia Series. Taylor & Francis. p. 16. ISBN 0203166647. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  6. ^ Murata, Sachiko (2000). Chinese Gleams of Sufi Light: Wang Tai-yu's Great Learning of the Pure and Real and Liu Chih's Displaying the Concealment of the Real Realm. With a New Translation of Jami's Lawa'ih from the Persian by William C. Chittick. Contributor Tu Wei-ming (illustrated ed.). SUNY Press. p. 9. ISBN 0791446379. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help); horizontal tab character in |others= at position 12 (help)
  7. ^ Poceski, Mario (2009). Chinese Religions: The EBook. Journal of Buddhist Ethics Online Books. p. 227. ISBN 0980163331. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  8. ^ Rubin, Barry M., ed. (2010). Guide to Islamist Movements, Volume 2. M.E. Sharpe. p. 74. ISBN 0765641380. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  9. ^ Feener, R. Michael, ed. (2004). Islam in World Cultures: Comparative Perspectives (illustrated ed.). ABC-CLIO. p. 165. ISBN 1576075168. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  10. ^ Gladney, Dru C. (1996). Muslim Chinese: Ethnic Nationalism in the People's Republic. Vol. Volume 149 of Harvard East Asian monographs (illustrated ed.). Harvard Univ Asia Center. p. 59. ISBN 0674594975. ISSN 0073-0483. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help); Invalid |ref=harv (help)

Celibacy in certain sufi sects in china[edit]

[1]

http://books.google.com/books?id=Y8Nzux7z6KAC&pg=PA73&lpg=PA73&dq=sufi+china+celibacy&source=bl&ots=62ztXB7Xug&sig=MbUkd9cFUMsdcVF0pkpmhKm1CZQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=iaB4UN_eNe650AHR0IHYAg&ved=0CFMQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=sufi%20china%20celibacy&f=false

[2]

http://books.google.com/books?id=weYQMv2RqCgC&pg=PA199&lpg=PA199&dq=sufi+china+celibacy&source=bl&ots=oTGtiUayne&sig=qrxXhyYbTPUmSPu39EDkAe0GfFw&hl=en&sa=X&ei=iaB4UN_eNe650AHR0IHYAg&ved=0CFkQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=sufi%20china%20celibacy&f=false

[3]

http://books.google.com/books?id=uHjR3yeIWzUC&pg=PA118&lpg=PA118&dq=sufi+china+celibacy&source=bl&ots=rGFgIrRtGD&sig=EYcQ5ww_sD8wARMffIdA7Hxzt14&hl=en&sa=X&ei=iaB4UN_eNe650AHR0IHYAg&ved=0CE4Q6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=sufi%20china%20celibacy&f=false

[4]

http://books.google.com/books?id=imw_KFD5bsQC&pg=PA452&lpg=PA452&dq=sufi+china+celibacy&source=bl&ots=MFGjbU8Q3c&sig=A7lHZOXfYDCcdaKPJ5VG4wyP2-w&hl=en&sa=X&ei=iaB4UN_eNe650AHR0IHYAg&ved=0CEkQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=sufi%20china%20celibacy&f=false

[5]

http://books.google.com/books?id=OWMyFWAZLCwC&pg=PA197&lpg=PA197&dq=sufi+china+celibacy&source=bl&ots=1rdkxf_q9a&sig=Oxxng8x2Mh5KKc6-eCuuO_8pXQw&hl=en&sa=X&ei=iaB4UN_eNe650AHR0IHYAg&ved=0CEMQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=sufi%20china%20celibacy&f=false

[6]

http://books.google.com/books?id=_EeHWWBpn14C&pg=PA197&lpg=PA197&dq=sufi+china+celibacy&source=bl&ots=-FrS713Xjy&sig=5t5SLrkKLhTqFB8rjgps9EHfAew&hl=en&sa=X&ei=iaB4UN_eNe650AHR0IHYAg&ved=0CD8Q6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=sufi%20china%20celibacy&f=false

[7]

http://books.google.com/books?id=_hJ9aht6nZQC&pg=PA44&lpg=PA44&dq=sufi+china+celibacy&source=bl&ots=eyps3Ovgem&sig=e_6-1PZfNWai4unbhk69x1qIT_s&hl=en&sa=X&ei=iaB4UN_eNe650AHR0IHYAg&ved=0CDkQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=sufi%20china%20celibacy&f=false

Purblio (talk) 23:00, 12 October 2012 (UTC)[reply]

[8]

http://books.google.com/books?id=qqG240d2L5sC&pg=PA104&lpg=PA104&dq=sufi+china+celibate&source=bl&ots=NDBc4PifFU&sig=cgDcJcWBi-LieS9xBOZR3mV4Kpo&hl=en&sa=X&ei=uqJ4UJ2sJfCH0QGCg4GwBw&ved=0CEoQ6AEwBDgK#v=onepage&q=sufi%20china%20celibate&f=false

[9]

http://books.google.com/books?id=cTlmtoozRV0C&pg=PA104&lpg=PA104&dq=sufi+china+celibate&source=bl&ots=wqX2yeYUec&sig=Bc9jSqxe9pzDtb9yyMXvCLq7Qg8&hl=en&sa=X&ei=uqJ4UJ2sJfCH0QGCg4GwBw&ved=0CE8Q6AEwBTgK#v=onepage&q=sufi%20china%20celibate&f=false

[10]

http://books.google.com/books?id=jV9_YvgUmpsC&pg=PA43&lpg=PA43&dq=sufi+china+celibate&source=bl&ots=-QY5iujK6K&sig=v9tD2symHSBuw93iGTAQKnJP1yw&hl=en&sa=X&ei=8KJ4UKq4NOy40QH_sYDABQ&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=sufi%20china%20celibacy&f=false

[11]

http://books.google.com/books?id=PFzdA2Hini4C&pg=PA12&lpg=PA12&dq=sufi+china+celibate&source=bl&ots=KpzCe8FqxS&sig=SlCcO8ssifyXEghSzEJ3KsmHFOc&hl=en&sa=X&ei=8KJ4UKq4NOy40QH_sYDABQ&ved=0CEEQ6AEwAzgU#v=onepage&q=sufi%20china%20celibacy&f=false

Opposing views

[12]

http://books.google.com/books?id=rBgn3xB75ZcC&pg=PA692&lpg=PA692&dq=sufi+china+celibate&source=bl&ots=J9c6Gnwr92&sig=oBFy-uWZDrlbuP5Ja886P-0KGhE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=uqJ4UJ2sJfCH0QGCg4GwBw&ved=0CGcQ6AEwCTgK#v=onepage&q=sufi%20china%20celibacy&f=false

Purblio (talk) 23:13, 12 October 2012 (UTC)[reply]

References

  1. ^ Lipman, Jonathan Neaman (1998). Familiar strangers: a history of Muslims in Northwest China. University of Washington Press. p. 89. ISBN 0295800550. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  2. ^ Westerlund, David; Svanberg, Ingvar, eds. (1999). Islam Outside the Arab World. St. Martin's Press. p. 199. ISBN 0312226918. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  3. ^ Manger, Leif O., ed. (1999). Muslim Diversity: Local Islam in Global Contexts. Vol. Volume 26 of NIAS studies in Asian topics: Nordisk Institut for Asienstudier (illustrated ed.). Psychology Press. p. 118. ISBN 070071104X. ISSN 0142-6028. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help); Invalid |ref=harv (help); More than one of |number= and |issue= specified (help)
  4. ^ Esposito, John L., ed. (1999). The Oxford History of Islam (illustrated ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 452. ISBN 0195107993. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  5. ^ Atabaki, Touraj; Mehendale, Sanjyot, eds. (2004). Central Asia and the Caucasus: Transnationalism and Diaspora (illustrated ed.). Taylor & Francis. p. 197. ISBN 0203495829. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  6. ^ Gladney, Dru C. (2004). Atabaki, Touraj; Mehendale, Sanjyot (eds.). Central Asia and the Caucasus: Transnationalism and Diaspora (illustrated ed.). Routledge. p. 197. ISBN 1134319940. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  7. ^ Gladney, Dru C. (1996). Muslim Chinese: Ethnic Nationalism in the People's Republic. Vol. Volume 149 of Harvard East Asian monographs (illustrated ed.). Harvard Univ Asia Center. p. 44. ISBN 0674594975. ISSN 0073-0483. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help); Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  8. ^ Renard, John (2005). Historical Dictionary of Sufism. Historical Dictionaries of Religions, Philosophies, and Movements Series. Scarecrow Press. p. 104. ISBN 0810865408. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  9. ^ Renard, John (2009). The A to Z of Sufism. Vol. Volume 44 of The A to Z Guide Series. Scarecrow Press. p. 104. ISBN 081086343X. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help); Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  10. ^ Jaschok, Maria; Shui, Jingjun (2000). The History of Women's Mosques in Chinese Islam: A Mosque of Their Own (illustrated ed.). Psychology Press. p. 43. ISBN 0700713026. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  11. ^ Bodman, Herbert L.; Tohidi, Nayereh Esfahlani, eds. (1998). Women in Muslim Societies: Diversity Within Unity. Lynne Rienner Publishers. p. 12. ISBN 1555875785. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  12. ^ Clarke, Peter B.; Beyer, Peter, eds. (2009). The World's Religions: Continuities and Transformations. Taylor & Francis. p. 692. ISBN 1135211000. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)

1781 Jahriyya revolt[edit]

Fighting between the Jahriyya and Khafiyya Sufi orders led to a revolt by the Jahriyya, which was heavily dominated by Salars.

[1]

http://books.google.com/books?id=ciShtCrJijIC&pg=PA20#v=onepage&q&f=false

[2]

http://books.google.com/books?id=ciShtCrJijIC&pg=PA21#v=onepage&q&f=false

Page 293, 298, 299

[3]

http://www.jstor.org/stable/189017?seq=9

[4]

http://www.jstor.org/stable/189017?seq=14

[5]

http://www.jstor.org/stable/189017?seq=15

  • Lipman, Jonathan N. (Jul., 1984). "Ethnicity and Politics in Republican China: The Ma Family Warlords of Gansu". Sage Publications, Inc. JSTOR 189017. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)

Rajmaan (talk) 02:43, 27 January 2013 (UTC)[reply]

References

  1. ^ Dwyer, Arienne M. (2007). Salar: A Study in Inner Asian Language Contact Processes, Part 1 (illustrated ed.). Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 20. ISBN 3447040912. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  2. ^ Dwyer, Arienne M. (2007). Salar: A Study in Inner Asian Language Contact Processes, Part 1 (illustrated ed.). Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 21. ISBN 3447040912. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  3. ^ Lipman, Jonathan N. (Jul 1984). "Ethnicity and Politics in Republican China: The Ma Family Warlords of Gansu". Sage Publications, Inc. p. 293. JSTOR 189017.
  4. ^ Lipman, Jonathan N. (Jul 1984). "Ethnicity and Politics in Republican China: The Ma Family Warlords of Gansu". Sage Publications, Inc. p. 298. JSTOR 189017.
  5. ^ Lipman, Jonathan N. (Jul 1984). "Ethnicity and Politics in Republican China: The Ma Family Warlords of Gansu". Sage Publications, Inc. p. 299. JSTOR 189017.

Pro-Qing Confucian Muslims[edit]

Liu Zhi (scholar), Wang Daiyu, Han Kitab, Mandate of Heaven

[1]

http://web.archive.org/web/20110430161534/http://science-islam.net/article.php3?id_article=676&lang=fr

[2]

http://www.ccsp.ox.ac.uk/sites/sias/files/person/documents/Chinese%20Muslim%20Literature.pdf

[3]

http://books.google.com/books?id=jJY3AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA771&lpg=PA771&dq=thirteen+classics+arabic+persian+islam+china&source=bl&ots=ee9E8kdO6I&sig=8tFnKldOnD7ne01vpwC8PLYrhXg&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zHpiU6-dCKjK8wGXhICQDw&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAjgK#v=onepage&q=thirteen%20classics%20arabic%20persian%20islam%20china&f=false

[4]

http://www.sunypress.edu/pdf/60186.pdf

http://faculty.washington.edu/stevehar/Murata.pdf

Rajmaan (talk) 21:20, 1 May 2014 (UTC)[reply]

References

  1. ^ Masumi, Matsumoto (2004). "The Completion of the Idea of Dual Loyalty Towards China and Islam". Etudes orientales. Archived from the original on 30 April 2011. Retrieved 2010-06-28.
  2. ^ Garnaut, Anthony. "Chinese Muslim literature" (PDF). Contemporary China Studies - School of Interdisciplinary Area Studies - University of Oxford. Contemporary China Studies. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
  3. ^ The Encyclopaedia of Islam. Contributor Sir H. A. R. Gibb. Brill Archive. 1954. p. 771. ISBN 9004071644. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help); horizontal tab character in |others= at position 12 (help)CS1 maint: others (link)
  4. ^ Murata, Sachiko. Chinese Gleams of Sufi Light (PDF) (illustrated, reprint, annotated ed.). State University of New York Press. p. 25. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-01. Retrieved 24 April 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)

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