Talk:Rusal/Archives/2017

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Page updates

Hi everyone,

I noticed that this page has been laying dormant for almost 3 years now, and contains a lot of superfluous material/promotional content/unsourced content that makes the page very incoherent and messy to read. I'll start updating and the cleaning up of the page.

I'm trying to keep some of the original sources, for the simple reason that some of them are in Russian, which I don't speak. So I'm trying to supplement relevant content with English sources, or generally add more English sources, as much as possible.

I removed a substantial part of the page's "History" section to improve clarity and streamline it a little bit. However, I feel some of the removed content could be used elsewhere on Wiki, so I've moved it here for reference. Feel free to suggest pages this information could be useful for! --Soulman78 (talk) 08:53, 8 September 2017 (UTC)

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1930–1980

The Russian aluminium industry dates back to 1932, the year when the Volkhov aluminium smelter produced the first batch of aluminium. Following that, construction of smelters began to meet the growing demand of the national economy. During WW2, the production facilities in the country were evacuated to the Urals and Western Siberia, and the relocated equipment was used to build the Bogoslovsk and Novokuznetsk aluminium smelters. In the 1950s, new aluminium smelters were built for strategic purposes in Kandalaksha, Nadvoitsy and Volgograd. In the 1960s and 1970s, smelters in Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, and Bratsk were constructed in close proximity to the largest hydro power plants in Siberia. By the early 1980s, Russia was the world’s second largest producer of aluminium after the US.

Russia has been historically short of bauxite, which is used to produce alumina, the main raw material in the aluminium production process. Due to the weak development of raw materials production in Russia, and amid growing aluminium output, the domestic producers were forced to purchase alumina from other countries like Guinea and India.

In the early 1990s, as Russia was going through market reforms, its aluminium industry was hit hard by the economic downturn and the political uncertainty that the country experienced in the years following the collapse of the USSR. The 'shock therapy' economic measures mostly hit the defence and engineering industries, the key consumers in the Russian aluminium sector. Alumina refineries in Ukraine, Kazakhstan, and Azerbaijan became foreign operations located in the independent countries, while Russian production facilities were only able to meet 40% of business demand for raw aluminium materials. Following the collapse of the USSR, the lack of raw material sources, the closed nature of the Soviet economy and poor ties with global alumina producers jeopardised the aluminium industry in the country. By 1994, aluminium consumption in Russia fell to around 2 kg per capita, compared with 17 kg per capita in 1990. The only way the industry could survive was to re-orient itself towards external markets; and so in 1992 export of aluminium exceeded 1 mln tonnes for the first time.

In 1993, the Russian government launched the privatization of the aluminium industry. International traders who obtained access to Russia’s largest aluminium smelters during the privatisation were not interested in developing the sector and did not invest in production, opting for immediate profits instead. This period in Russian business history is now known as the "Aluminium wars."