Theodore Moustakas

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Theodore Moustakas
Moustakas in 2007
Born1940
Greece
Alma mater
Scientific career
FieldsOptoelectronics, photonics
InstitutionsBoston University
ThesisTransport and recombination properties of amorphous arsenic telluride thin films (1974)
Doctoral advisorKurt Weiser

Theodore D. Moustakas (born 1940) holds the title of Distinguished Professor of Photonics and Optoelectronics at the Boston University Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering.[1] He was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2014[2] for his contributions to the epitaxial growth of nitride semiconductors. He has been granted 62 patents.[3]

Early life and education[edit]

Moustakas was born in a small village in Greece.[4] In 1964, he completed a Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) in Physics from Aristotle University.[5] Moustakas attained a doctoral degree and a M.Phil. in 1974 at Columbia University in Solid State Science and Engineering,[5] with his thesis titled Transport and recombination properties of amorphous arsenic telluride thin films.[6]

Co-inventor of blue LED[edit]

Role[edit]

In August 1991, Moustakas published details on a buffer-layer process for growing high-purity GaN on a substrate using a two-step MOCVD process. Several months later, Shuji Nakamura, then a doctoral student at the Nichia Corporation, published similar results in a different journal and later used the process to create a blue LED.[7] Moustakas had also filed a patent (the so-called buffer-layer patent) at the time of his discovery. As the process Moustakas developed is indispensable in creating blue LEDs, and since he was the first to come up with the process, he is considered to have co-invented the blue LED.[8]

Nobel prize controversy[edit]

In 2014, the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano, and Shuji Nakamura "for the invention of efficient blue light-emitting diodes which has enabled bright and energy-saving white light sources". However, as Moustakas' role in discovering the blue LED are significant, there has been controversy about that he did not receive recognition and was left "in the dark" by the Nobel Committee.[9] Following the announcement, the then Managing Director of Boston University's Office of Technology Development tweeted

Nobel Committee gets it wrong on not including BU professor Ted Moustakas as co-inventor of the blue LED.

— Vinit Nijhawan (October 7, 2014)[10]

Despite this, Moustakas and some of the co-inventors remain colleagues. At the 2016 BU ECE symposium, Nakamura gave a speech about blue LEDs, also honoring Moustakas.[11][12]

Patent infringement lawsuits[edit]

2015[edit]

In 2015, Boston University won 13 million dollars in a patent infringement suit, where it was found that three companies had infringed on one of Moustakas' patents related to blue LEDs, used in various cell phones, tablets, laptops, and lighting products.[13][14][15][16] The patent in question is titled Highly insulating monocrystalline gallium nitride thin films (US5686738A), and was filed in 1995 and granted in 1997.[17] However, on July 25, 2018, the CAFC overturned the lower court and invalidated U.S. Patent No. 5686738 based on a lack of enablement.[18]

2002[edit]

In 2002, Boston University was involved in a legal dispute with Nichia Corporation, centered around some of Moustakas' patents related to a GaN synthesis process for blue LEDs. Cree Lighting, Inc., a North Caroline company, had exclusively licensed some of these patents. Nichia had alleged that Cree was involved in trade secret theft, to which Cree and BU jointly sued Nichia for infringing on Moustakas' so-called buffer-layer patent. In the same year on November 13, the companies entered into a patent cross-license agreement, and a settlement.[7]

RayVio company[edit]

Moustakas and others created a company focusing on UV LED technology, called RayVio.[19]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Boston University - Profile of Theodore Moustakas". bu.edu/eng. Retrieved 2019-12-06.
  2. ^ "2014 elevated fellow". IEEE Fellows Directory.
  3. ^ "The award-winning Greek physicist with 62 patents". ellines.com. Retrieved 2019-12-06.
  4. ^ 2011 Distinguished Scholar Award Lecture with Dr. Theodore D. Moustakas. 2011-03-14. Retrieved 2022-08-24. I was born in a small village in Greece. (9:05)
  5. ^ a b "CV - THEODORE D. MOUSTAKAS" (PDF). Retrieved 2022-08-24.
  6. ^ Moustakas, Theodore (1974). Transport and recombination properties of amorphous arsenic telluride thin films. clio.columbia.edu (Thesis). Bibcode:1974PhDT.......230M. OCLC 83666293. Retrieved 2022-07-11.
  7. ^ a b Stoddard, Tim (2002-12-13). "Green light on blue light: Blue light technology remains BU's intellectual property". B.U. Bridge. Vol. VI, no. 15. Retrieved 2022-10-02.
  8. ^ Landry, Lauren (2013-07-17). "BU Celebrates a New Innovator of the Year with Tech, Drugs, and Rock n' Roll". BOSTINNO. Retrieved 2022-10-31.
  9. ^ Landry, Lauren (2014-10-07). "Did the Nobel Prize Committee Just Leave a Boston University Professor in the Dark?". BOSTINNO. Retrieved 2022-10-31.
  10. ^ Nijhawan, Vinit [@vinit44] (October 7, 2014). "Nobel Committee gets it wrong on not including BU professor Ted Moustakas as co-inventor of the blue LED" (Tweet). Retrieved 2022-10-31 – via Twitter.
  11. ^ Cody, Sara (2016-12-21). "ECE Symposium Honors Career of Professor Emeritus Theodore Moustakas". MetaFilter. Retrieved 2022-10-31.
  12. ^ bolix (2021-04-02). "Isamu Akasaki, Nobel Prize winning co-Inventor of the Blue LED dies". MetaFilter. Retrieved 2022-10-31.
  13. ^ Brown, Joel (2015-12-07). "BU Wins $13 Million in Patent Infringement Suit – ENG professor's LED discovery at heart of case". BU Today. Retrieved 2019-12-06.
  14. ^ Barlow, Richard (2014-01-15). "Companies Agree to Pay to Settle Patent Infringement Suit – BU to be compensated for technology in popular electronics products". BU Today. Retrieved 2019-12-06.
  15. ^ Barlow, Rich (2013-09-24). "BU Sues Leading Tech Firms for Patent Infringement – Dispute involves popular smartphones, tablets, other devices". BU Today. Retrieved 2019-12-06.
  16. ^ Brachmann, Steve (2014-11-04). "Nobel Prize Innovation: Lighting the World with Blue LEDs". IP News. IP Watchdog.
  17. ^ "Highly insulating monocrystalline gallium nitride thin films".
  18. ^ Brachmann, Steve (2018-07-31). "CAFC invalidates Boston University patent claim for lack of enablement". Courts. IP Watchdog.
  19. ^ "Boston spin-out RayVio to ramp deep-UV LED production". Optics.org. 2015-08-26. Retrieved 2022-10-31.
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