User:狄の用務員/yaoi hole en draft

Regulation of Sexual Expression in Japan

Example of image modification. Left: Uncensored, Right: censored

In Japan, the distribution and display of obscene texts and diagrams has been prohibited in modern and contemporary Japan under Article 175 of the Penal Code, which was enacted in 1907. Although obscenity is an extremely vague concept, according to court precedents, it "should be judged in light of the socially accepted ideas of the time," and since the 1990s, "whether or not genitalia are explicitly depicted" has been the approximate standard for detection of such obscenity.This is a factor in the modification of genital images in adult-oriented works.。

As of the 21st century, novels are not subject to control, but as described below, there have been cases of literary works being exposed in the past. (Note that the use of localized modifications in adult-oriented works is a regulation unique to Japan, and uncensored works are permitted in most countries around the world.

Patrick W. Galbraith, an associate professor of otaku culture in Japan, points out that in relation to yaoi holes, genitalia are always blurred in boys' love, and penetration is depicted in an unclear manner

novels

Nomenclature Classification of Holes in BL Fiction (2014)

   One word implied//局部、内側、中 (37%)

  Adjectives, figurative expressions, short sentences/more than two words (28%)

  None/no indication of where it was put (12%)

  Pronouns/there, here (9%)

  Coined/posterior hole, folds of flesh (7%)

  -/No insertion scene (4%)

  Personal name/name of seme or uke (2%)

  Common name/anus (1%)

In the postwar period, sexual expression through writing was caught one after another, and the Chatterley affair (1950) and the Yonjohan fusuma no shimabari affair (1972) are well-known examples of this. Unlike drawings and photographs, however, written works, such as novels, are the product of the author's imagination, and how the reader feels when reading them can be said to be the very essence of human thought.

There is much criticism of the courts' decision to punish literary and artistic works based on whether they are obscene or not, or on their artistic or ideological value.

No novels have been exposed since 1978.

Looking back on the time of the regulation, Morihiro Nagata, a researcher of sensual novels, says, "In order to avoid being scolded by the police, writers had to avoid direct expression while at the same time making the reader imagine the scene. This ingenuity gave birth to the fertile expression of sensual novels," and he is of the opinion that the restrictions on expression have in fact given birth to rich sexual expression. As an example of paraphrasing prohibited expressions, for example, "insertion" could not be written, so expressions such as "penetration of the female body" were devised. Today, writing the name of the female genitalia itself is not a problem, but sensual novelists continue to create unique and subtle expressions as if they were competing with each other.。

A similar trend exists in BL novels in the modern era. In Shiramine's survey (2014), 86 yaoi novels were analyzed, and only 1% of them showed direct expressions such as "anal" or "anus" in terms of holes.Based on this, Kaneda mentions the possibility that "yaoi hole= not real anal". Regarding Shiramine's survey, Kaneda pointed out that while metaphorical expressions such as "bud" and "fountain" were frequently used, direct expressions were almost never found, and in many cases the hole expression itself was not described, as well as the frequent use of unique coined sensual idioms.shiramine, who conducted the survey, analyzes that the more hole expressions are examined, the fewer direct descriptions are found, and there is no reliable description of the hole as anal.。

Manga

Kaneda gives an example of a shōjo manga "Kaze to Ki no Uta (1976)" as an example of a blurred depiction of a hole. In the manga, there is a scene in which Bonnard, a man-crazy man, mounts a boy Gilbert and fulfills his desire by force against Gilbert, who is reluctant to do so, but the description of what exactly is being done is so vague that young readers have no idea what is being done. In a reader's submission to the magazine, a reader who did not understand the purpose of the description asked, "he don't want a heavy man on top of him?" Kaneda, who was an elementary school student at the time, also did not understand exactly what was being depicted。As an example of how the depiction of the stick side is blurred, writer Ikumi Okada cites the shōnen manga "Saint Seiya (1985). According to Okada, while Saint Seiya frequently features naked men, the crotch is skillfully handled every time, whether at the beach, in the bathhouse, or in the spiritual world, and is not specifically described, and Okada understood that "there must be something like a white banana between the legs."。

Examples of cases involving seizures of manga works include the Shobunkan trial (2002) and the Comic Megastore case (2013).

STUDY

There are various arguments as to why works depicting romantic relationships between men are depicted by women and consumed by women.

The first discussion of these issues was "コミュニケーション不全症候群(Communication Failure Syndrome)" (1995) by Kaoru Kurimoto, who is also a BL author. This book summarized the general understanding that the love of the yaoi/BL genre is "because the repressed femininity in gender discrimination drives people to self-injurious behavior.

However, after Yoko Nagakubo's "やおい小説論(Yaoi novel theory)" (2005), it came to be understood as an entertainment of gender by women rather than an escape from oppression.

See also: yaoi § Analysis

The Position of Anal Sex in Yaoi Works

Focusing on the hole, anal sex is considered inseparable from yaoi/BL today. There are quantitative studies on the frequency of anal sex in yaoi, and Mari Nishihara, a media researcher at Doshisha University, analyzed 1,462 works between 1970 and 2000.According to Nishihara, the frequency of depictions of anal sex increased from 75.8% to approximately 91.9% from the 1980s to the early 1990s, indicating that the depiction of sex became stylized and established during this period.As for the plot of anal sex in yaoi, according to Midori Makita, who studies erotic manga statistics, in BL stories, "Basically, many works have 'having sex' as one goal and work toward it.According to Associate Professor Sonoko Higashi, a gender researcher, the sexual act in Yaoi/BL is a "symbol" that indicates that the relationship between two men has reached the "destination" and that the romance has been fulfilled, and has an aspect of a celebration ritual to celebrate this.。

What Do Yaoi hole Represent

Akiko Mizoguchi, an associate professor at Waseda University who studies the gender field, attributes the raison d'etre of yaoi holes to heterosexual normativism.Mizoguchi states that because yaoi "represents a very conservative heterosexual female romantic fantasy," the men depicted in yaoi "are not suitable as agents of 'hetero'sexual fantasy if they remain in an 'identical' coupling in which they are both masculine men。Mizoguchi also interprets the yaoi hole as a substitute for the vagina for the above reasons.

In a heteronormative society, normal sex is a reproductive act, i.e., sex that involves penetration of the penis into the vagina. Therefore, the male protagonists of yaoi must also have sex that involves some form of penetration.In other words, in the yaoi universe, the anus of the uke character is a substitute for the vagina for female readers, not a representation of the anus, an organ that is present in both men and women.

— Akiko Mizoguchi "Homophobic Fags, Love Rape, and Queer Lesbians-An Analysis of Recent Yaoi Texts"（200０）

Yasuo Tahara, who studies the culture of body representation at Gakushuin University, quoted Mizoguchi's argument and explained that the "union" of "penis" and "anus ≒ vagina" colors the story as a metaphor for the "union" of the two in a romantic sense.

Sexual Expression in Relation to Yaoi-hole

Some of the techniques used in the depiction of sex in Yaoi pornography bear a striking resemblance to those used in male-oriented pornography.

擬音

やおい穴の描写には、独特の擬音語が使われる。文筆家の岡田育によると、「くぱぁっ」と開けば恥じらって、「きゅんきゅんっ」と締まるのが名器であるという。ニュースサイトLITERAの記事ではこれら岡田の説明に対して、「男性向けエロ漫画におけるマンコ描写と完全に一致する」とした。また、ちるちるでは指を入れる時の「つぷっ」、受けの奥を指で突く「トントン」、出し入れの時の「ぐぷっぐぷっ」などをやおい穴の定番の擬音語として挙げている。

上述のように、やおいでは穴側の表現は多彩である一方、棒側の表現が少ないことを指摘する意見もある。琉球大学の金城克哉教授は比較計量分析によりゲイコミックとBLコミックを対比して分析したが、ゲイコミックと比べてBLコミックでは特定の身体部位（男性器）へ言及することがほとんど見られず、射精擬音にいたっては皆無であったという。

ejeculation

In male-oriented erotic manga, Female ejaculation, a phenomenon in which a woman releases liquid from her urethral opening, is often depicted as a standard expression to show that she has reached orgasm, but in yaoi manga, squirting (male) is sometimes depicted in which the male recipient releases liquid from his urethral opening. According to Chiruchiru, squirting is "a sign of sexual training" and "a symbol of the climax of H in BL. As for the frequency of depictions, according to an adult content introduction site affiliated with Soft on Demand, a major adult content company, it "cannot be said to be a standard feature.。

It was not clear until recently whether men actually squirt, but in 2018, a joint study by adult toy manufacturer TENGA and Kawasaki Medical School captured a man actually squirting. 。The study used ultrasound to capture a cross-sectional video of a man squirting, and analysis of the video revealed how liquid is sucked up from the bladder into the prostatic urethra and then released with great force. The composition of the tide was identical to that of urine.。

breast

In recent yaoi, the male chest is often depicted as thick, voluptuous, and sexually attractive like a woman's breast.

Such male breasts themselves or a genre that emphasizes the representation of the chest area are referred to as "雄っぱい/oppai (male breasts).

In Shiramine's survey (2014), 86 yaoi novels were analyzed, and the presence or absence of nipple descriptions was indicated as "Yes (61%), Unknown (12%), and No (27%).

In contrast to the fact that holes are always depicted in erotic scenes, Shiramine noted that the depiction of nipples is surprisingly infrequent, although the trend in the frequency of nipple depiction may change in more recent works.

In addition, Shiramine focused on the role of the receiver and the offender in illustrations depicting nipples in novels, calculating the number of characters with exposed nipples as "uke (77%), seme (16%), and both (2%)," revealing that the majority of nipple depictions are of the receiver type.

Shiramine continued her analysis of yaoi-ana and nipples, commenting that both yaoi hole and nipples belong to the uke, and considering that the significance of the existence of the seme is the pole。

The "male breast" genre has developed rapidly in recent years, with bishojo comics researcher Rito kimi pointing out that the so-called "nipple afterimage" technique, which originated in male erotic manga in 1988 and expresses breast shaking by applying screen tones to the nipple track, first appeared in commercial BL magazines in 2018

表情

ちるちるはボーイズラブにおけるイキ顔を下記の5つに分類している。①目ギュッ閉じ・②目ガン開き・③しかめっ面・④茫然自失・⑤アへ顔。

Censorship

Censorship in japanese porn manga classification table

In yaoi manga, as in other fields of pornographic manga, genitalia are modified, but the tendency of modification in yaoi works is said to differ from that in other fields.

Rito Raremi points out that, compared to male-oriented pornography, the expression of the Boys' Love genre differs greatly depending on the publisher and the tendency of the magazine.

Rito kimi cites "firefly erasing" (see (11) in the figure on the right) as an example of a modification technique not seen in male-oriented magazines.This is called "firefly erasing" because it looks as if fireflies are dancing around the area.

Rito considers that this kind of correction may have been created as a result of aesthetics and philosophy of "how beautifully it can be erased," whereas correction for men's magazines is done with the awareness of "not wanting to be seen.。

first sexual experience

As in other fields of pornography, first-time experience is a theme of constant interest in yaoi. Although virgin membranes do not exist in real men, bleeding is sometimes depicted in scenes of sexual intercourse, as in the case of a woman's first sexual experience.

In a bizarre example, in works such as Yuzuru Mikumo's "Virgin Membrane Boy," a "virgin membrane" is set up in the male anatomy. In "Virgin Membrane Boy," the virgin membrane is depicted as a structure that is in front of the seminal duct and prevents ejaculation unless it is violated.