User:DGG/Marie Charlotte de la Trémoille

Names
	Marie Charlotte de La Trémoille

Marie Charlotte
Marie Charlotte
Duchess of Saxe-Jena =
Born	26 January 1632; Château de Thouars, Thouars, France
Died	24 August 1682 (aged 50); Jena
Spouse	Bernhard II, Duke of Saxe-Jena
Issue	Prince Wilhelm ; Stillborn daughter ; Prince Bernhard ; Charlotte Marie, Duchess of Saxe-Weimar ; Johann Wilhelm
Names
Names
	Marie Charlotte de La Trémoille
Father	Henri de La Trémoille
Mother	Eleonore Dorothea of Anhalt-Dessau

Marie Charlotte de La Trémoille (26 January 1632 – 24 August 1682) was a French noblewoman and Duchess of Saxe-Jena by marriage. She had five children, none of whom are known to have given her grandchildren. She was the last formal consort of Saxe-Jena.

Biography[edit]

Bernhard II, Duke of Saxe-Jena was pulled into public affairs, when his father planned to marry him with some French noblewomen, in order to strengthen the relations of the Ernestine line with the King Louis XIV. The French king, however, let him wait eighteen months for an audience. The stay in France finally led to him marrying the duchess Marie Charlotte de la Trémoille. The wedding took place in Paris on 10 June 1662. Shortly after, the couple moved to Jena, where their five children were born:

Wilhelm (b. Jena, 24 July 1664 - d. Jena, 21 June 1666).
Stillborn daughter (Jena, 7 April 1666).
Bernhard (b. Jena, 9 November 1667 - d. Jena, 26 April 1668).
Charlotte Marie (b. Jena, 20 December 1669 - d. Gräfentonna, 6 January 1703), married on 2 November 1683 to Wilhelm Ernst, Duke of Saxe-Weimar; they divorced in 1690.
Johann Wilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Jena (b. Jena, 28 March 1675 - d. Jena, 4 November 1690).

In 1672 Bernhard and his brothers divided the paternal inheritance, and he received Jena.

The marriage of Bernhard and Marie Charlotte was totally unhappy, and, were they seemingly irreconciliable, the duke had decided to marry one of the ladies of his court, Marie Elisabeth of Kospoth, of old nobility. He solemnly promised that he would divorce his wife and marry her, and she ceded to his advances. They had one daughter, Emilie Eleonore of Kospoth (1672 - 1709). Meanwhile, Bernhard's efforts to have his marriage annulled were unsuccessful, and he appeared to reconcile himself with Marie Charlotte.

Nevertheless, on 20 October 1672 he promised in writing to his mistress that he would never forget her, but would care and protect her as if she were his true wife, giving her the style of "Lady of Alstädt" and an annual rent of 1000 Taler. Subsequently, in 1674, they were married by Andreas Wigand, a Jesuit priest; thus, Bernhard became one of the few cases of bigamy among princes. The contract declared the children to be legitimate and noble, until such time as an Imperial Act could bring them to a higher rank. She was given as Morgengabe a sum of 20,000 Taler and assigned the Schloss Dornburg as residence. She was required to keep the marriage secret until the death of the duke's first wife; should she reveal it, the duke would cease to be bound by the contract.

On 8 November 1676 Marie Elisabeth was raised by the Emperor to the rank of an Imperial Countess (Reichgräfin), along with her daughter, and any other legitimate children of hers, with the title of Countess of Altstädt (Gräfin von Altstädt) and the style of "hoch- und wohlgebohrne".

When Bernahrd died, he was succeeded by his only surviving son Johann Wilhelm, born of his first wife after their reconciliation in 1675.

Marie Elisabeth obtained her Morgengabe, not without some difficulty. She survived Bernhard by thirty-eight years.^[1]