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Konstantin Stanislavski as Vershinin in Anton Chekhov's Three Sisters.

This article offers a chronological list of productions directed by Konstantin Stanislavski. It does not include theatrical productions in which Stanislavski only acted.

Until he was thirty three, Stanislavski appeared only as an amateur onstage and as a director, as a result of his family's discouragement.[1] When he was twenty five, he helped to establish a Society of Art and Literature, which aimed to unite amateur and professional actors and artists.[2] His professional career began in 1896 when he co-founded the Moscow Art Theatre (MAT) with Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko.[3] Later in his life, he created a series of studios whose aims were primarily pedagogical but which also presented public performances.[4] This list of productions directed by Stanislavski includes amateur, professional, and studio productions.

When the sources disagree about the exact date of a production's première, that given in the most recent biography of Stanislavski—Jean Benedetti's Stanislavski: His Life and Art (1988, revised and expanded 1999)—is listed here, with the alternative date detailed in the footnotes. Prior to 14 February 1918, the Julian calendar was in use in Russia, after which the Gregorian calendar was introduced.[5] The details of productions staged before that change are given in both Old Style and New Style dates.

Productions at the Society of Art and Literature

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Stanislavski and his wife Lilina in his adaptation of Dostoyevsky's The Village of Stepanchikovo (Foma) for the Society of Art and Literature. Photograph taken in 1893.

Productions at the Moscow Art Theatre

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The Moscow Art Theatre's production of Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich by Alexei Tolstoy. Photograph taken during the company's tour to the USA in 1923.
Stanislavski as Ripafratta in his Moscow Art Theatre production of Carlo Goldoni's comedy The Mistress of the Inn.
Vsevolod Meyerhold as Tsar Ivan in Stanislavski's production of The Death of Ivan the Terrible at the Moscow Art Theatre.
Armed with a revolver, Vanya (Alexander Vishnevsky) confronts Professor Serebriakov (Vasily Luzhsky) at the end of act three of Anton Chekhov's Uncle Vanya (1899) at the Moscow Art Theatre.
Stanislavski as Satin (seated, centre) in the Moscow Art Theatre production of Maxim Gorky's The Lower Depths.
  • 1902: The Lower Depths by Maxim Gorky. Opened on 31 December [O.S. 18 December]. Directed by Stanislavski and Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko. Scenic design by Viktor Simov. Cast included Georgy Burdzhalov as Kostyliov, Elena Muratova as Vassilissa, Maria Andreyeva as Natasha, Vladimir Gribunin as Medvediev, Aleksei Kharlamov as Vassily Pepel, Alexander Zagarov as Kleshch, Margarita Savitskaya as Anna, Olga Knipper as Nastya, Maria Samarova as Kvashnia, Vasily Luzhsky as Bubnov, Vasili Kachalov as the Baron, Mikhail Gromov as the Actor, Ivan Moskvin as Luka, Alexander Adashev as Alyoshka, Alexander Vishnevsky as Tatar, and Nikolai Baranov as Krivoy Zob; Stanislavski played Satin for the first five performances, after which Serafin Sudbinin took over. Gorky saw the production nearly a year later, on 18 October [O.S. 5 October] 1903.[67]
Stanislavski as Gaev in the Moscow Art Theatre production of Anton Chekhov's The Cherry Orchard.
Stanislavski's production of Maurice Maeterlinck's The Blue Bird in 1908.
Stanislavski as Argan in Molière's The Imaginary Invalid.
Stanislavski's production of Armoured Train 14-69 (1927) by Vsevolod Ivanov.

Opera Studio productions

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Posthumous productions completed by others

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See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 21, 24) and Carnicke (2000, 11). The prospect of becoming a professional actor was taboo for someone of Stanislavski's social class; actors had an even lower social status in Russia than in the rest of Europe, having only recently been serfs and the property of the nobility.
  2. ^ Magarshack (1950, 52, 55-56).
  3. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 61-64).
  4. ^ Gauss (1999).
  5. ^ In the 19th century, the difference between the two calendars was twelve days; in the 20th, 13 days; see Gauss (1999, 6).
  6. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 385), Magarshack (1950, 78), and Worrall (1996, 27).
  7. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 42—43, 385), Magarshack (1950, 80), and Worrall (1996, 27).
  8. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 43), Magarshack (1950, 79), and Worrall (1996, 27).
  9. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 43, 231, 385) and Magarshack (1950, 80).
  10. ^ a b Benedetti (1999a, 385).
  11. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 385). The original Russian-language title of Ostrovsky's play is Светит, да не греет.
  12. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 49, 385), Magarshack (1950, 86—90), and Worrall (1996, 29).
  13. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 38, 385), Magarshack (1950, 100) and Worrall (1996, 27). Benedetti gives its opening as 18 December [O.S. 6 December], while Magarshack gives it as 29 October [O.S. 17 October]. The title of Pisemsky's play has also been translated as A Law unto Themselves and Despots.
  14. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 52, 385), Magarshack (1950, 102, 107), and Worrall (1996, 29). Benedetti and Worrall give its opening as 31 January [O.S. 19 January], while Magarshack gives it as 28 April [O.S. 16 April].
  15. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 385) and Magarshack (1950, 102).
  16. ^ The Polish Jew (French: Le Juif Polonais) by Erckmann-Chatrian is better known in English-speaking countries under the title The Bells, a translation by Leopold Lewis that brought Henry Irving great success when he staged it in 1871; see Benedetti (1999a, 58).
  17. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 385) and Worrall (1996, 30).
  18. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 385) and Magarshack (1950, 117—118). The play's title is also translated as The Dowerless Bride.
  19. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 66) and Worrall (1996, 102).
  20. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 66) and Magarshack (1950, 133—135).
  21. ^ Magarshack (1950, 127—128, 131—133).
  22. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 66).
  23. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 83) and Magarshack (1950, 161—162, 176).
  24. ^ Worrall (1996, 101).
  25. ^ Braun (1982, 61—62) and Worrall (1996, 89—90).
  26. ^ Worrall (1996, 90). While Worrall and Leach give Vsevolod Meyerhold's role as Prince Vasili Shuyshy, Braun gives it as Prince Ivan Shuysky, with Worrall giving Vasily Luzhsky as the actor who played the latter role; see Braun (1995, 11), Leach (1989, 3), and Worrall (1996, 90).
  27. ^ Worrall (1996, 85).
  28. ^ Worrall (1996, 102—103).
  29. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 84), Braun (1982, 61), and Magarshack (1950, 161, 178).
  30. ^ a b Worrall (1996, 103).
  31. ^ Benedetti (1999, 84).
  32. ^ a b c d Braun (1982, 61).
  33. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 70—71) and (1999b, 259), Braun (1995, 11), and Worrall (1996, 104).
  34. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 84) and Worrall (1996, 104).
  35. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 84)
  36. ^ Magarshack (1950, 161).
  37. ^ The title of Pisemsky's play has also been translated as A Law unto Themselves and as Despots.
  38. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 84).
  39. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 386), Magarshack (1950, 161) and Worrall (1996, 104).
  40. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 85).
  41. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 85), Braun (1995, 11), Worrall (1996, 106).
  42. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 87) and Braun (1982, 60).
  43. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 386), Braun (1982, 64), and Magarshack (1950, 162, 179), and Worrall (1996, 106).
  44. ^ Magarshack (1950, 162). Vasily Luzhsky also led two of the production's rehearsals.
  45. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 85—87, 386) Gottlieb (2005, lxxxi—lxxxv, 244), Magarshack (1950, 178—179), and Senelick (2013, vii).
  46. ^ Magarshack (1950, 182).
  47. ^ Magarshack (1950, 191).
  48. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 87, 90—91, 386), Braun (1982, 61), Innes (2000, 112), and Worrall (1996, 110—111).
  49. ^ Magarshack (1950, 161, 188) and Worrall (1996, 111).
  50. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 90—91), Magarshack (1950, 188), Worrall (1996, 111).
  51. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 95, 386), Braun (1982, 61) and (1995, 11), Magarshack (1950, 188—189), and Worrall (1996, 112). Benedetti gives the opening performance as 11 October [O.S. 29 September], while Magarshack gives 10 November [O.S. 29 October].
  52. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 92).
  53. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 98, 386). Benedetti gives the opening performance as 15 October [O.S. 3 October], while Worrall gives 24 October [O.S. 12 October]; see Worrall (1996, 114).
  54. ^ Worrall (1996, 114).
  55. ^ Benedetti (1991, 51) and (1999a, 98, 386), Braun (1982, 61), Magarshack (1950, 188), and Worrall (1996, 114). The play's title has also been translated as The Driver Henschel. Anna Alekseieva was Stanislavski's sister, who used the stage name of Anna Schteker (although a footnote in Benedetti's The Moscow Art Theatre Letters appears to have reversed the names—Alekseiev was Stanislavski's family name); see Benedetti (1991, 51).
  56. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 94), Braun (1982, 61), Gottlieb (2005, lxxxi—lxxxv), Magarshack (1950, 190—192), and Worrall (1996, 115–116).
  57. ^ a b Magarshack (1950, 194).
  58. ^ Braun (1995, 11) and Worrall (1996, 118—119).
  59. ^ Benedetti (1991, 364) and Worrall (1996, 121—122). Ekaterina Munt was Vsevolod Meyerhold's sister-in-law who had also studied under Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko at the Philharmonic school.
  60. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 167, 386).
  61. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 386), Braun (1995, 12), Gottlieb (2005, 245), and Worrall (1996, 126—127). The final performance of this production of Three Sisters took place on 4 May 1919. Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko directed a new production in 1940.
  62. ^ Braun (1982, 61), Magarshack (1950, 230), and Worrall (1996, 128).
  63. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 386), Braun (1982, 61), Senelick (2013, 143), Worrall (1996, 128—129).
  64. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 386), Braun (1982, 61), Senelick (2013, 144), and Worrall (1996, 130—131).
  65. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 120—121, 126), Braun (1982, 61), (1988, xvi), and (1995, 13, 16), Marsh (1993, 14), Magarshack (1950, 230—231), Senelick (2013, 151, 186), and Worrall (1996, 72—78, 131). The title of The Philistines has also been translated as Small People, The Merchant Class, The Petty-Bourgeois, and The Artisans. It premièred in St Petersburg in early 1902 as part of the MAT's tour.
  66. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 126–127, 386), Magarshack (1950, 233, 238–239), and Worrall (1996, 132—133). Benedetti and Worrall give the opening performance as 18 November [O.S. 5 November], while Magarshack gives 2 December [O.S. 19 November].
  67. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 127, 130, 386), Braun (1988, xvii-xviii), Magarshack (1950, 244), and Worrall (1996, 134, 136—137).
  68. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 386), Gottlieb (2005, lxxxi—lxxxv, 247), and Worrall (1996, 152, 159, 212). Worrall describes the première as Chekhov's name day, which in Russia is usually distinct from a birthday; he also lists Elena Muratova as "M. V. Muratova"; see Worrall (1996, 159—160).
  69. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 267).
  70. ^ Marker and Marker (1989, 109) and Worrall (1996, 168).
  71. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 387).
  72. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 171) and Worrall (1996, 170-171).
  73. ^ Benedetti describes the excited response of Aleksandr Lensky, Maria Yermolova and Glikeriya Fedotova "when the inexorable flow of the verse was broken up by the use of pauses in Act Three", whereas Worrall describes Vsevolod Meyerhold's sardonic response to Nemirovich's choice of a prose text; see Benedetti (1999a, 171) and Worrall (1996, 171).
  74. ^ Worrall (1996, 170).
  75. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 174, 387) and Magarshack (1950, 287-289).
  76. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 172-174) and Magarshack (1950, 285-288).
  77. ^ Magarshack (1950, 289).
  78. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 387).
  79. ^ Magarshack (1950, 290).
  80. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 249).
  81. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 387) and Magarshack (1950, 294).
  82. ^ Benedetti (199a, 387) and Magarshack (1950, 309).
  83. ^ Carnicke (1998, 36), Benedetti (1999a, 191, 212), and Worrall (1996, 194).
  84. ^ Magarshack (1950, 309).
  85. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 387). Magarshack gives its first performance as 16 March [O.S. 1910] (1950, 312).
  86. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 212, 387).
  87. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 207).
  88. ^ Vakhtangov (1982, 270) and Worrall (1996, 64).
  89. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 199) and Vakhtangov (1982, 270).
  90. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 213, 224).
  91. ^ Worrall (1996, 223).
  92. ^ a b Benedetti (1999a, 217).
  93. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 214).
  94. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 211).
  95. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 218).
  96. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 217).
  97. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 217).
  98. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 387).
  99. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 227).
  100. ^ Gauss (1999, 131).
  101. ^ Gauss (1999, 128) and Magarshack (1950, 350).
  102. ^ Gauss (1999, 128).
  103. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 261, 386). Gauss gives its opening as 4 December [O.S. 21 November] 1917; see Gauss (1999, 128).
  104. ^ Gauss (1999, 128). Gauss gives André Andrejew's name in the form A. V. Andreev.
  105. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 260).
  106. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 261).
  107. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 261, 264).
  108. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 265) and Rudnitsky (1988, 88).
  109. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 388); Magarshack gives the opening date as 8 October (1950, 355).
  110. ^ Worrall (1996, 180).
  111. ^ Magarshack (1950, 369).
  112. ^ Benedetti (1999b, 274) and Magarshack (1950, 370).
  113. ^ Solovyova (1999, 347) and Leach (2004, 42).
  114. ^ Leach (2004, 42).
  115. ^ Worrall (1996, 212).
  116. ^ Magarshack (1950, 381-382).
  117. ^ Magarshack (1950, 386).
  118. ^ Stanislavski and Rumyantsev (1998, 40-41) and Benedetti (1999a, 257).
  119. ^ a b Benedetti (1999a, 257).
  120. ^ Stanislavski and Rumyantsev (1998, 40-41).
  121. ^ a b Benedetti (1999a, 259).
  122. ^ Benedetti (1999a, 389) and Braun (1995, 293).
  123. ^ Solovyova (1999, 356).

Sources

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  • Benedetti, Jean, ed. and trans. 1991. The Moscow Art Theatre Letters. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-878-30084-8.
  • Benedetti, Jean. 1999a. Stanislavski: His Life and Art. Revised edition. Original edition published in 1988. London: Methuen. ISBN 0-413-52520-1.
  • Benedetti, Jean. 1999b. "Stanislavsky and the Moscow Art Theatre, 1898-1938". In Leach and Borovsky (1999, 254-277).
  • Braun, Edward. 1982. The Director and the Stage: From Naturalism to Grotowski. London: Methuen. ISBN 0-413-46300-1.
  • Braun, Edward. 1988. Introduction. In Plays: 1. By Maxim Gorky. Methuen World Classics ser. London: Methuen. xv-xxxii. ISBN 0-413-18110-3.
  • Braun, Edward. 1995. Meyerhold: A Revolution in Theatre. Rev. 2nd ed. London: Methuen. ISBN 0413727300.
  • Carnicke, Sharon M. 1998. Stanislavsky in Focus. Russian Theatre Archive Ser. London: Harwood Academic Publishers. ISBN 9-057-55070-9.
  • Gauss, Rebecca B. 1999. Lear's Daughters: The Studios of the Moscow Art Theatre 1905-1927. American University Studies ser. 26 Theatre Arts, vol. 29. New York: Peter Lang. ISBN 0-820-44155-4.
  • Gottlieb, Vera, ed. and trans. 2005. Anton Chekhov at the Moscow Art Theatre: Archive Illustrations of the Original Productions. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-34440-9. Reproduction of original journal ed. Nikolai Efros, published in Moscow, 1914.
  • Innes, Christopher, ed. 2000. A Sourcebook on Naturalist Theatre. London and New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-15229-1.
  • Leach, Robert. 1989. Vsevolod Meyerhold. Directors in Perspective ser. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-31843-2.
  • Leach, Robert. 2004. Makers of Modern Theatre: An Introduction. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-31241-8.
  • Leach, Robert, and Victor Borovsky, eds. 1999. A History of Russian Theatre. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. ISBN 0-521-43220-0.
  • Magarshack, David. 1950. Stanislavsky: A Life. London and Boston: Faber, 1986. ISBN 0-571-13791-1.
  • Marker, Frederick J., and Lise-Lone Marker. 1989. Ibsen's Lively Art: A Performance Study of the Major Plays. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. ISBN 0-521-61924-6.
  • Marsh, Cynthia, ed. 1993. File on Gorky. Writer-Files ser. London: Methuen. ISBN 978-0413650603.
  • Rudnitsky, Konstantin. 1988. Russian and Soviet Theatre: Tradition and the Avant-Garde. Trans. Roxane Permar. Ed. Lesley Milne. London: Thames and Hudson. Rpt. as Russian and Soviet Theater, 1905-1932. New York: Abrams. ISBN 0-500-28195-5.
  • Senelick, Laurence, ed. and trans. 2013. Stanislavsky—A Life in Letters: The Missionary in the Theatre. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. ISBN 1-136-34341-5.
  • Solovyova, Inna. 1999. "The Theatre and Socialist Realism, 1929-1953." Trans. Jean Benedetti. In Leach and Borovsky (1999, 325-357).
  • Stanislavski, Constantin, and Pavel Rumyantsev. 1975. Stanislavski on Opera. Trans. Elizabeth Reynolds Hapgood. London: Routledge, 1998. ISBN 0-878-30552-1.
  • Vakhtangov, Evgeny. 1982. Evgeny Vakhtangov. Compiled by Lyubov Vendrovskaya and Galina Kaptereva. Trans. Doris Bradbury. Moscow: Progress.
  • Worrall, Nick. 1996. The Moscow Art Theatre. Theatre Production Studies ser. London and NY: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-05598-9.