User:Gakisverismart/sandbox
Russian Republic[edit]
Russian Republic Российская Республика | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Бо́же, Царя́ храни́! God Save the Tsar! | |
 Map of Alaska and its territories | |
| Capital and largest city | Novo-Arkhangelsk |
| Official languages | Russian |
| Recognised national languages | Russian, English, Alaskan language |
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) | Russian, Alaskan |
| Government | Unitary semi-parliamentary republic |
| Supreme Leader | |
• 1923-1951 | Alexander Kolchak |
• 1951-1953 | Pyotr Wrangel |
| President | |
• 1954-1964 | Andrei Sakharov |
• 2014-present | Alexei Navalny |
| Legislature | Parliament of the Russian Republic |
| Russian Senate | |
| Duma | |
| Establishment | |
| History | |
• White Army retreat to Alaska | 1921 |
• Proclamation of the Russian Republic | 1923 |
| 1924 | |
| 1951 | |
| 1953 | |
| 1953 | |
| 1954 | |
• Current constitution | 1956 |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,723,337 km2 (665,384 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 2019 estimate | 850,000 |
• 2016 census | 836,212 |
| HDI (2018) |  0.902very high |
| Currency | Ruble |
| Time zone | UTC−09:00 |
| Driving side | right |
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"Alaska" redirects here. For the Russian Federation, see Russia. For other uses, see Alaska (disambiguation) and Russian Republic (disambiguation).
Alaska, officially the Russian Republic is a country in North America. It is located in the former colony of Russian North America, bordered by British Columbia and the Yukon Territory of Canada. It shares a maritime border with the Russian Federation in the Bering Strait, being located in the extreme north. It is between two oceans, the Arctic Ocean to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. The territories controlled by the Russian Republic number 2,670 islands with a combined area of 1,723,337 square kilometers (665,384 square miles).
Alaska has been populated by indigenous people for thousands of years, with it being widely believed that Alaska was the entry point for the initial human settlement of the Americas. The Russian Empire established a colony in Alaska in 1741, promoting an active Alaskan Creole population and settling the land with Russians. Despite logistical and strategic problems controlling the land, Russian Tsar Alexander II refused to sell the land, citing the need to protect the growing Russian population and over bitterness losing the recent Crimean War. The colony continued to be administered by Russia into the 20th century, with it being formally integrated into Russian territory as a governorate (guberniya) in 1904 under the order of Tsar Nicholas II.
Following the February Revolution, the governor of Alaska, Mikhail Vladimirovich Islavin, sided with the republic. With the October Revolution, the governor once again sided with the republic against the Bolsheviks. During the ensuing Russian Civil War, Alaska saw little fighting between local Bolshevik militias and forces of the White Army stationed in Alaska. When it became apparent in early 1921 that the White Army was losing the civil war, many White Army generals planned a retreat to Alaska to regroup and reorganise. This plan was executed in mid-1921, with over 30,000 soldiers of the White Army evacuating to Alaska with the support of the Russian and American Navies, with another 20,000 White Army soldiers staying behind in Russia. In addition, an estimated 300,000 Anti-Bolshevik Russians fled to Alaska fearing reprisals and purges by the Bolsheviks. Alaska from this point was under direct military rule of the White Army. After capturing the mainland in 1922, the Bolsheviks attempted an invasion of Alaska but were defeated by the Russian Navy. After this defeat, the Bolsheviks never attempted another invasion of Alaska and declared the end of the Russian Civil War shortly afterwards with the proclamation of the Soviet Union, with Lenin stating in internal statements that the Red Army 'should not concern itself with the Alaska problem'.
Following the end of the civil war, Alexander Kolchak, general of the White Army in Alaska, declared the continuation of the Russian Republic in Alaska, establishing an authoritarian military dictatorship with himself as supreme leader for life. Kolchak's reign was notable for extreme militarism, repression of political opponents and opposition, constant purges of suspected communists and Soviet agents, and a fervent anti-communist foreign policy. During World War II, Alaska remained neutral over fears that war against the Soviet Union would lead to war with the United States and Canada, but diplomatically supported the Axis and sent over 15,000 volunteers to the Eastern Front between 1941 and 1945 to assist with Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union. Following the end of WW2, Alaska was not admitted to the United Nations and was not formally recognised by any country.
Kolchak was assassinated by a Soviet agent in 1951. With no clear successor, a power struggle occurred with the military under General Pyotr Wrangel taking charge. He too died shortly thereafter in 1953. With support from the United States and the United Kingdom, a pro-democracy faction in the military took charge in a coup d'état, establishing elections and freedoms in the nation. The first elections took place in 1954, with Andrei Sakharov being elected president of the Russian Republic. Sakharov's election saw the beginning of liberalisation in politics and economics and the shift to a full free market economy. Following this, the United States allied itself with Alaska, with the two signing a treaty giving Alaska a special partnership with NATO that guaranteed protection from the Soviet Union and the construction of US military bases in Alaska.
In 1968, large oil deposits were discovered in Alaska's EEZ, leading to the 'Alaskan Miracle', a period of fast economic growth and development as new deposits were discovered and exploited. During this time, Alaska experienced an average growth of 4% per annum, one of the fastest on the planet. The Alaskan Miracle began to slow down in 1992 with the Japanese stock crash and Alaska entered into a recession following the 2008 financial crisis.
From the end of the Russian Civil War to the modern day, Alaska has been a popular destination for members of the Russian opposition. Notable people who relocated to Alaska include Vladimir Kirillovich, head of the Russian Imperial Family, Alexei Navalny, a leader of the Russian opposition against Putin who eventually became president, and Mikhail Gorbachev, who moved to Alaska following the breakup of the Soviet Union. About 700,000 Russians are estimated to have moved to Alaska since 1922, with about 200,000 of these being caused by the recent Russian invasion of Ukraine.
The modern day political situation of Alaska is contentious. As the Russian Republic, Alaska still maintains its claim as the legitimate government of Russia and does not recognise the Russian Federation. It is not recognised by any nation as the legitimate government of Russia and is not a member of any international organisation such as the United Nations, NATO, IMF, WTO or NAFTA. Since 1991, the breakup of the Soviet Union, decline of communism, and the establishment of the new Russian Federation, many domestic and international politicians have begun questioning Alaska's continued existence and claim as the Russian Republic. The majority opinions are those which argue for reunification with Russia or for the formalisation of Alaskan independence and the establishment of an Alaskan nation separate from Russia. Through this debate, the ruling party, New Russia, have maintained their claim of being the legitimate Russian government and the ideological and political differences between Alaska and Russia as well as Vladimir Putin being reasons against unification, stating that Alaska should stand as a 'beacon of Russian Democracy'.