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Proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus) are an intriguing species of primate found in Borneo particularly in mangrove forests and along rivers. They are known for their unique appearance with long pendulous noses that are more prominent in males than females. In this research paper we will delve into the biology and behavior of proboscis monkeys to gain a better understanding of this fascinating species. One key aspect of proboscis monkeys is their social structure which is based on a harem system with one dominant male leading a group of females and their offspring. This social organization plays a crucial role in their survival and reproductive success. According to a study by Sterck et al. (1997) male proboscis monkeys with larger noses tend to have higher social status within their group indicating a possible link between nose size and social dominance. In terms of diet proboscis monkeys are folivores meaning they primarily consume leaves fruits and seeds. Their specialized digestive system allows them to efficiently digest the tough fibrous leaves that make up a significant portion of their diet. This dietary preference has shaped their physical characteristics such as their large pot-bellied appearance which aids in the digestion of their food (Yeager et al. 1994). Proboscis monkeys are also known for their unique vocalizations including honks grunts and screams which play a crucial role in communication within their group. These vocalizations help maintain group cohesion establish dominance hierarchies and warn of potential threats. A study by Schagatay et al. (2000) found that proboscis monkeys use specific vocalizations to coordinate their movements and activities highlighting the importance of vocal communication in their social dynamics.